2010—2012年中国6岁及以上居民方便面消费状况
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摘要
目的分析中国6岁及以上居民方便面消费状况。方法数据来自2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测。采用分层整群随机抽样方法,使用食物频率法获取调查户中6岁及以上共78 466名调查对象过去12个月内方便面消费情况,计算人群消费率,消费人群消费频次、消费量,并分析来自方便面的钠摄入量。结果 2010—2012年中国6岁及以上居民方便面消费率为49.7%,城市和农村分别为49.7%和49.8%,男性和女性分别为51.6%和48.3%,6~17岁儿童青少年为74.6%。方便面消费人群每周消费至少1次的比例为49.0%,每月1~3次为36.2%,每月少于1次为14.8%。方便面消费人群人均每天消费量为17.7 g,来自方便面的平均钠摄入量为202.5 mg,6~17岁儿童青少年消费量和钠摄入量分别为21.7 g和248.6 mg,随年龄增加而降低。结论中国居民方便面消费现象普遍,6~17岁儿童青少年为高消费人群,需引起重视。
Objective To estimate the instant noodles' consumption status of Chinese population in 2010-2012. Methods Data were collected from Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. A total of 78 466 valid subjects aged 6 years old and above were enrolled into analysis. The food frequency questionnaires were used to collect food consumption status information. Consumption rate,consuming frequency percentage,consumption of instant noodles,and sodium intake from instant noodles were calculated.Results The instant noodles' consumption rate of Chinese people aged 6 years old and above in 2010-2012 was 49. 7%, urban and rural were 49. 7% and 49. 8%respectively,male and female were 51. 6% and 48. 3% respectively. The consumption rate of children and adolescent aged 6-17 years old was 74. 6%. The food frequency were at least once/week 49. 0%,1-3/month 36. 2%,< 1/month 14. 8%. The mean of instant noodles consumption per person per day was 17. 7 g. The mean of sodium consumption from instant noodles per person per day was 202. 5 mg. The instant noodlesand sodium's consumptions,of children and adolescent aged 6-17 years old were 21. 7 g and 248. 6 mg,decreased with increase of age. Conclusion The consumption of instant noodles in China is common,and the high consumption of children and adolescent should be paid attention.
Objective To estimate the instant noodles' consumption status of Chinese population in 2010-2012. Methods Data were collected from Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. A total of 78 466 valid subjects aged 6 years old and above were enrolled into analysis. The food frequency questionnaires were used to collect food consumption status information. Consumption rate,consuming frequency percentage,consumption of instant noodles,and sodium intake from instant noodles were calculated.Results The instant noodles' consumption rate of Chinese people aged 6 years old and above in 2010-2012 was 49. 7%, urban and rural were 49. 7% and 49. 8%respectively,male and female were 51. 6% and 48. 3% respectively. The consumption rate of children and adolescent aged 6-17 years old was 74. 6%. The food frequency were at least once/week 49. 0%,1-3/month 36. 2%,< 1/month 14. 8%. The mean of instant noodles consumption per person per day was 17. 7 g. The mean of sodium consumption from instant noodles per person per day was 202. 5 mg. The instant noodlesand sodium's consumptions,of children and adolescent aged 6-17 years old were 21. 7 g and 248. 6 mg,decreased with increase of age. Conclusion The consumption of instant noodles in China is common,and the high consumption of children and adolescent should be paid attention.
引文
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[13]CHOONG S Y,BALAN S N,CHUA L S,et al.Preference and intake frequency of high sodium foods and dishes and their correlations with anthropometric measurements among Malaysian subjects[J].Nutr Res Pract,2012,6(3):238-245.
[14]中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:11.
[15]宫伟彦,郭海军,宋超,等.我国四城市中小学生高盐食品消费及其影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(4):354-357.
[16]PIERNAS C,WANG D,DU S,et al.Obesity,noncommunicable disease(NCD)risk factors and dietary factors among Chinese school-aged children[J].Asia Pac J Clin Nutr,2016,25(4):826-840.
[17]国家卫生计生委疾病预防控制局.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2015年)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2015.
[18]国家心血管病中心.中国心血管病报告2015(中文版)[R].北京:国家心血管病中心,2016.
[2]WEBSTER J L,DUNFORD E K,NEAL B C.A systematic survey of the sodium contents of processed foods[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2009,91(2):413-420.
[3]GULIA N,DHAKA V,KHATKAR B S.Instant noodles:processing,quality,and nutritional aspects[J].Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr,2014,54(10):1386-1399.
[4]世界方便面协会.世界总需求[EB/OL].[2018-06-10].http://instantnoodles.org/cn/noodles/market.html,2016-05-11/2017-04-14.
[5]徐海泉,徐建伟,马冠生.减盐防控高血压的科学证据和实践[J].中国食物与营养,2012,18(12):74-77.
[6]常继乐,王宇.中国居民营养与健康状况监测2010—2013年综合报告[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2016.
[7]杨月欣,王光亚,潘兴昌.中国食物成分表(第1册)[M].2版.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2009.
[8]周波.我国非油炸方便面的发展现状及前景[J].粮食流通技术,2016(9):49-51.
[9]HUH I S,KIM H,JO H K,et al.Instant noodle consumption is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among college students in Seoul[J].Nutr Res Pract,2017,11(3):232-239.
[10]李园,施小明,侯培森.膳食、营养与主要慢性非传染性疾病预防的科学证据[J].中华预防医学杂志,2011,45(5):459-462.
[11]SHIN H J,CHO E,LEE H J,et al.Instant noodle intake and dietary patterns are associated with distinct cardiometabolic risk factors in Korea[J].J Nutr,2014,144(8):1247.
[12]PARK J Y,LEE J S,JANG Y G,et al.A comparison of food and nutrient intake between instant noodle consumers and non-instant noodle consumers in Korean adults[J].Nutr Res Pract,2011,5(5):443.
[13]CHOONG S Y,BALAN S N,CHUA L S,et al.Preference and intake frequency of high sodium foods and dishes and their correlations with anthropometric measurements among Malaysian subjects[J].Nutr Res Pract,2012,6(3):238-245.
[14]中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:11.
[15]宫伟彦,郭海军,宋超,等.我国四城市中小学生高盐食品消费及其影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(4):354-357.
[16]PIERNAS C,WANG D,DU S,et al.Obesity,noncommunicable disease(NCD)risk factors and dietary factors among Chinese school-aged children[J].Asia Pac J Clin Nutr,2016,25(4):826-840.
[17]国家卫生计生委疾病预防控制局.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2015年)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2015.
[18]国家心血管病中心.中国心血管病报告2015(中文版)[R].北京:国家心血管病中心,2016.