挤压铸造对重熔原位α-Al_2O_(3p)/ZL109复合材料组织与性能的影响
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摘要
以Al-SiO_2为反应体系,借助半固态机械搅拌法,结合电磁搅拌分散工艺,制备5%α-Al_2O_(3p)/ZL109(体积分数)复合材料,并对重熔后的复合材料进行挤压铸造成型研究。结果表明:挤压铸造显著消除了复合材料因半固态机械搅拌卷气而引起的严重气孔缺陷,并细化基体α(Al)相晶粒;当压射比压达到80 MPa时,气孔缺陷完全消失,粗大的α(Al)树枝晶转变为细小的等轴晶,针状共晶Si细化成短棒状;分布在晶界的α-Al_2O_3颗粒也在一定程度上细化α(Al)晶粒。经80MPa挤压铸造的重熔复合材料的T6热处理态抗拉强度和布氏硬度分别达到347 MPa和136 HB,与ZL109基体相比,提高5.8%和5.4%;与未挤压复合材料相比,提高20.9%和18.3%。
5% α-Al_2O_3/ZL109(volume fraction) composites were prepared by semi-solid mechanical stirring with aid of electromagnetic stirring through Al-SiO_2 system, and the remelted composites were also studied by squeeze casting. The microstructure observation results show that squeeze casting is very effectively to eliminate serious porosity defects caused by semi-solid mechanical stirring and refine the microstructure of ZL109 matrix. When the squeeze pressure reaches 80 MPa, the porosity defects completely disappear, coarse α(Al) dendrites transform into fine equiaxed crystals,and the eutectic Si is refined into rod-like. α-Al_2O_3 particles distributing along grain boundaries also refine α(Al) grains to some extent. The mechanical property test results show that the tensile strength and Brinell hardness of T6-treated composites remelted at 80 MPa are 347 MPa and 136 HB, respectively, which increase by 5.8% and 5.4% compared with those of remelted ZL109 matrix alloy, and increase by 20.9% and 18.3% compared with those of non-squeeze casting composites.
5% α-Al_2O_3/ZL109(volume fraction) composites were prepared by semi-solid mechanical stirring with aid of electromagnetic stirring through Al-SiO_2 system, and the remelted composites were also studied by squeeze casting. The microstructure observation results show that squeeze casting is very effectively to eliminate serious porosity defects caused by semi-solid mechanical stirring and refine the microstructure of ZL109 matrix. When the squeeze pressure reaches 80 MPa, the porosity defects completely disappear, coarse α(Al) dendrites transform into fine equiaxed crystals,and the eutectic Si is refined into rod-like. α-Al_2O_3 particles distributing along grain boundaries also refine α(Al) grains to some extent. The mechanical property test results show that the tensile strength and Brinell hardness of T6-treated composites remelted at 80 MPa are 347 MPa and 136 HB, respectively, which increase by 5.8% and 5.4% compared with those of remelted ZL109 matrix alloy, and increase by 20.9% and 18.3% compared with those of non-squeeze casting composites.
引文
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[18]LI Q L,LI F B,XIA T D,LAN Y F,JIAN Y S,TAO F.Effects of in-situγ-Al2O3particles and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356aluminium alloy[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2015,627(5):352-358.
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[23]ZHANG Z,CHEN D L.Consideration of Orowan strengthening effect in particulate-reinforced metal matrix nanocomposites:A model for predicting their yield strength[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54(7):1321-1326.
[24]KIN C S,SOHN I,NEZAFATI M,FERGUSON J B,SCHULTZ B F,BAJESTANI G Z.Prediction models for the yield strength of particle-reinforced unimodal pure magnesium(Mg)metal matrix nanocomposites(MMNCs)[J].Journal of Materials Science,2013,48(12):4191-4204.
[2]肖华强,陈维平.Al/TiO2/Ti C体系原位合成Ti3AlC2/Al2O3/Ti Al3复合材料的反应机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2017,27(9):1848-1854.XIAO Hua-qiang,CHEN Wei-ping.In-situ reaction synthesis mechanism of Ti3AlC2/Al2O3/Ti Al3composite from Al/TiO2/Ti C system[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2017,27(9):1848-1854.
[3]花程.原位Al2O3p/Al复合材料反应机理及半固态挤压铸造成形研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2015:1-10.HUA Chen.Study on the reaction mechanism and semi solid squeeze casting of in situ Al2O3p/Al composite[D].Zhenjiang:Journal of Jiangsu University,2015:1-10.
[4]SEKAR K,ALLESU K,JOSEPH M A.Effect of T6 heat treatment in the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 reinforced with nano Al2O3 particles by combination effect of stir and squeeze casting[J].Procedia Materials Science,2014,5:444-453.
[5]齐丕骧.挤压铸造[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1984:10-35.QI Pi-xiang.Squeeze casting[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1984:10-35.
[6]WANG Yong-fei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,ZHANG Chen-yang.Microstructures and mechanical properties of semi-solid squeeze casting ZL104 connecting rod[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2018,28(2):235-243.
[7]孟凡生,张卫文,张大童,杨超,肖志瑜.Zr对挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.4Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(1):23-30.MENG Fan-sheng,ZHANG Wei-wen,ZHANG Da-tong,YANG Chao,XIAO Zhi-yu.Effect of Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of squeeze cast Al-5.0Cu-0.4Mn alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(1):23-30.
[8]DAOUD A,ELKHAIR M T,ABDELAZIM A N.Effect of Al2O3 particles on the microstructure and sliding wear of7075 Al alloy manufactured by squeeze casting method[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2004,13(2):135-143.
[9]SINGH M,RANA R S,PUROHIT R,SAHU K.Development and analysis of Al-matrix nano composites fabricated by ultrasonic assisted squeeze casting process[J].Materials Today Proceedings,2015,2(4/5):3697-3703.
[10]SUKUMARAN K,RAVIKUMAR K K,PILLAI S G K,RAJAN T P D,RAVI M,PILLAI R M,PAIP C.Studies on squeeze casting of Al 2124 alloy and 2124-10%SiCp metal matrix composite[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2008,490(1/2):235-241.
[11]RAMESH R,SURESHKUMAR S,GOWRISHANKAR S.Production and characterization of aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with Al3Ni by stir and squeeze casting[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2015,766/767:315-319.
[12]XUE J,HAN Y F,WANG J,SUN B D.Study on squeeze casting of an in situ 5 vol.%Ti B2/2014Al composite[J].Materials Science&Technology,2013,29(11):1373-1382.
[13]LI G R,ZHAO Y T,WANG H M,CHEN G,DAI Q X,CHENG X N.Fabrication and properties of in situ(Al3Zr+Al2O3)p/A356 composites cast by permanent mould and squeeze casting[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2009,471(1/2):530-535.
[14]董普云.Si Cp/A356搅拌制备与挤压铸造成形的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012:18-21.DONG Pu-yun.Research on squeeze casting processing of Si Cp/A356 composites prepared by stirring technology[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012:18-21.
[15]HANABE M R,ASWATH P B.Al2O3-Al particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite by displacement reaction[J].Journal of Materials Research,1996,11(6):1562-1569.
[16]WANG H M,LI G R,ZHAO Y T,CHEN G.In situ fabrication and microstructure of Al2O3particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2010,527(12):2881-2885.
[17]ZHAO Y T,ZHANG S L,CHEN G,CHENG X N,WANG CQ.In situ(Al2O3+Al3Zr)np/Al nanocomposites synthesized by magneto-chemical melt reaction[J].Composites Science&Technology,2008,68(6):1463-1470.
[18]LI Q L,LI F B,XIA T D,LAN Y F,JIAN Y S,TAO F.Effects of in-situγ-Al2O3particles and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356aluminium alloy[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2015,627(5):352-358.
[19]STEFANESCU D M,DHINDAW B K,KACAR S A,MOITRA A.Behavior of ceramic particles at the solid-liquid metal interface in metal matrix composites[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(11):2847-2855.
[20]SEN S,JURETZKO F,STEFANESCU D M,DHINDAW BK,CURRERIET P A.In situ observations of interaction between particulate agglomerates and an advancing planar solid/liquid interface:Microgravity experiments[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,1999,204(1/2):238-242.
[21]KAPTAY G.Further discussion of particle engulfment and pushing by solidifying interfaces:Part II.Microgravity experiments and theoretical analysis[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2000,31(6):1695-1700.
[22]王章忠.材料科学基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:226-228.WANG Zhang-zhong.Material science foundation[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2005:226-228.
[23]ZHANG Z,CHEN D L.Consideration of Orowan strengthening effect in particulate-reinforced metal matrix nanocomposites:A model for predicting their yield strength[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54(7):1321-1326.
[24]KIN C S,SOHN I,NEZAFATI M,FERGUSON J B,SCHULTZ B F,BAJESTANI G Z.Prediction models for the yield strength of particle-reinforced unimodal pure magnesium(Mg)metal matrix nanocomposites(MMNCs)[J].Journal of Materials Science,2013,48(12):4191-4204.