温度对无铅换能器陶瓷BNT-7BT铁电性的影响
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摘要
传统换能器材料——PZT95/5铁电陶瓷中的铅元素对环境污染大,且其电致应变(S)和压电系数(d33)较小,因此限制了换能器的输出功率。该文从保护环境和优化换能器性能的角度出发,研制出位于准同型相界处的无铅铁电陶瓷0.93Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3-0.07BaTiO_3(BNT-7BT),测试了其晶体结构和介电温谱曲线,并得到了温度对该陶瓷电滞回线及电致应变曲线的影响。实验结果表明,钙钛矿结构的无铅铁电陶瓷BNT-7BT在152℃处发生铁电→反铁电相变,且其具有较大的电致应变量(室温下S≈2.92‰)和较高的压电系数(d33=152pC/N)。
The lead elements in the conventional PZT95/5ferroelectric ceramic material for transducer have great pollution to the environment,and its electrostrictive strain Sand piezoelectric constant d33 are small,the output power of transducer is limited.From the perspective of protecting environment and improving the performance of transducers,we have prepared lead-free ferroelectric ceramics 0.93Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3-0.07BaTiO_3(BNT-7BT)which located in the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB).The crystal structure and dielectric temperature curve have been tested.The effect of temperature on its hysteresis loops and electrostrictive-strain loops have already been investigated.The results indicate that the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transition of the prepared lead-free ferroelectric ceramics BNT-7BT with perovskite structure occurs at 152℃.In addition,the BNT-7BT has large electrostrictive strain(S≈2.92‰ at room temperature)and high piezoelectric constants(d33=152pC/N).
The lead elements in the conventional PZT95/5ferroelectric ceramic material for transducer have great pollution to the environment,and its electrostrictive strain Sand piezoelectric constant d33 are small,the output power of transducer is limited.From the perspective of protecting environment and improving the performance of transducers,we have prepared lead-free ferroelectric ceramics 0.93Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3-0.07BaTiO_3(BNT-7BT)which located in the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB).The crystal structure and dielectric temperature curve have been tested.The effect of temperature on its hysteresis loops and electrostrictive-strain loops have already been investigated.The results indicate that the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transition of the prepared lead-free ferroelectric ceramics BNT-7BT with perovskite structure occurs at 152℃.In addition,the BNT-7BT has large electrostrictive strain(S≈2.92‰ at room temperature)and high piezoelectric constants(d33=152pC/N).
引文
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[2]PAN W Y,DAM C Q,ZHANG Q M,et al.Large displacement transducers based on electric field forced phase transitions in the tetragonal(Pb0.97La0.02)(Ti,Zr,Sn)O3family of ceramics[J].J Appl Phys,1989,66(12):6014-6023.
[3]SAITO Y,TAKAO H,TANI T,et al.Lead-free piezoceramics[J].Nature,2004,432:84-87.
[4]孟林丽,肖定全,朱建国.(Bi1/2Na1/2)1-xBaxTiO3系铁电陶瓷制备工艺研究[J].压电与声光,2001,23(6):483-486.MENG Linli,XIAO Dingquan,ZHU Jianguo.Study of the effects of the technique on the structure of ferroelectric(Bi1/2Na1/2)1-xBaxTiO3ceramics[J].Piezoelectrics&Acoustooptics,2001,23(6):483-486.
[5]TAKENAKA T,MARUYAMA K,SAKATA K.(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-BaTiO3system for lead free piezoelectric ceramics[J].Jpn J Appl Phys,1991,30(9B):2236-2239.
[6]ZHANG S T,KOUNGA A B,AULBACH E,et al.Temperature-dependent electrical properties of 0.94Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.06BaTiO3ceramics[J].J Am Ceram Soc,2008,91(12):3950-3954.
[7]WANG X X,CHOY S H,TANG X G,et al.Dielectric behavior and microstructure of Bi1/2 Na1/2 TiO3-Bi1/2K1/2TiO3-BaTiO3lead-free piezoelectric ceramics[J].J Appl Phys,2005,97:104101.
[8]JIANG D D,FENG Y J,TANG H,et al.Influence of temperature on dielectric and piezoelectric behaviors of stannate modified lead zirconate titanate ceramics[J].Ferroelectrics,2010,409(1):33-40.
[9]XIAO D Q,LIN D M,ZHU J G,et al.Studies on new systems of BNT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics[J].J Electroceram,2008,21(1):34-38.
[10]NI H M,LUO L H,LI W P,et al.Preparation and electrical properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3-KNbO3lead-free piezoelectric ceramics[J].J Alloy Compd,2011,509(9):3958-3962.
[11]GONG C,FENG Y J,XU Z,et al.Chemical prepared niobium modified PZT-95/5antiferroelectric ceramics and the field-induced phase transformation properties[J].J Electroceram,2008,21(1):283-286.
[12]TUTTLE B A,YANG P,GIESKE J H,et al.Pressureinduced phase transformation of controlled-porosity Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3ceramics[J].J Am Ceram Soc,2001,84(6):1260-1264.
[13]张良莹,姚熹.电介质物理[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1991:432-436.
[14]JAFFE B,COOK W R,JAFFE H.Piezoelectric ceramics[M].New York:Academic Press,1971.
[15]WEBBER K G,ZHANG Y,WOOK J,et al.High temperature stress-induced“double loop-like”phase transitions in Bi-based perovskites[J].J Appl Phys,2010,108(1):014101
[16]NEILSON F W.Effects of strong shocks in ferroelectric materials[J].Bull Am Phys Soc,1957,2:302.
[17]SETCHELL R E.Shock wave compression of the ferroelectric ceramic Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3:depoling currents[J].J Appl Phys,2005,97(1):013507.
[18]钟维烈.铁电体物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:341-342.