空炸点声学测量系统设计及关键技术研究
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摘要
针对常规武器弹药试验中空炸点或开舱点测试问题,本文设计了一种空炸点声学测量系统,通过系统总体方案设计,明确了系统总体架构和结构组成,设计了分站信号采集、控制及通信流程、中心站数据接收处理流程。经对声学传感器性能分析,证明了应用声学传感器测量弹丸爆炸产生声信号的可行性。重点从传感器阵型优化、信号处理方法、时延估计算法三方面对影响空炸点测量精度的关键技术进行了系统分析,为最终实现空炸点声学测量系统、保证测量精度奠定了基础。
According to the measurement of aerial blast points or chamber-opening point in conventional weapon ammunition test,this paper designed an acoustic measurement system of aerial blast points.Through the system overall scheme designing,the overall architecture and the system structure were provided. We designed the substation signal acquisition process,control and communication process,the central station data receiving process. The performance analysis of acoustic sensor proved the feasibility of using acoustic sensor to measure the acoustic signal of projectile blasting. Then,this paper systematically analyzed the key technologies that affect the measurement accuracy of the aerial blast points from three aspects: sensor array optimization,signal processing method and time delay estimation algorithm. This laid a foundation for developing the aerial blast points acoustic measurement system and ensured the measurement accuracy.
According to the measurement of aerial blast points or chamber-opening point in conventional weapon ammunition test,this paper designed an acoustic measurement system of aerial blast points.Through the system overall scheme designing,the overall architecture and the system structure were provided. We designed the substation signal acquisition process,control and communication process,the central station data receiving process. The performance analysis of acoustic sensor proved the feasibility of using acoustic sensor to measure the acoustic signal of projectile blasting. Then,this paper systematically analyzed the key technologies that affect the measurement accuracy of the aerial blast points from three aspects: sensor array optimization,signal processing method and time delay estimation algorithm. This laid a foundation for developing the aerial blast points acoustic measurement system and ensured the measurement accuracy.
引文
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[2]董涛,倪晋平.能识别弹丸飞行方向的弹丸空间炸点三维坐标测试方法[J].光学技术,2011,37(4):406-411.
[3]冯杰,杨博,李兆利.空气声探测在军事中的应用[J].电声技术,2012,36(6):32-36.
[4]许志勇,赵兆,沈曙明.单兵反狙击声频探测与定位技术概述[J].电声技术,2015,39(2):38-40.
[5]陆伟.法国陆军接收车载狙击手定位系统[J].国外坦克,2012(2):4-4.
[6]张小华.狙击手声学定位系统试验样机研制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2014.
[7]杨俊梅,方厚林,成龙,等.反狙击系统传感器阵列的设计[J].声学技术,2014,33(4):381-384.
[8]蒋东东,狄长安.八点线式声学立靶弹着点检测系统研究[J].电子测量技术,2010,33(4):19-21.
[9]周成胜,王新喆,孙胜红,等.传声器直线阵列在声源定位问题中的误差分析[J].电声技术,2016,40(4):26-28.
[10]陆丽.基于声传感器阵列的目标方位估计方法[D].镇江:江苏科技大学,2016.
[11]马少春,刘庆华,黄灵鹭.基于相关峰插值的五元十字阵被动声定位算法[J].探测与控制学报,2014,36(5):94-98.
[12]李翰山,雷志勇.基于摄像法测量弹丸的空间炸点位置[J].光学精密工程,2012,20(2):329-336.
[13]黄翔东,王兆华.全相位数字谱分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[14]金中薇,姜明顺,隋青美,等.基于广义互相关时延估计算法的声发射定位技术[J].传感技术学报,2013,26(11):1513-1518.
[15]孙洋,徐慨,杨海亮.基于广义互相关时延估计算法的性能分析[J].计算机与数字工程,2013,41(1):33-34.
[16]佟祉谏.Alpha稳定分布噪声环境下基于相关熵的时延估计算法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.