圆形和方形截面钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱抗火性能对比分析
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摘要
为研究圆钢管与方钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱火灾下力学性能的差异,采用ABAQUS软件建立圆形和方形截面钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱温度场和耐火极限的有限元分析模型,以截面尺寸、荷载比和长细比等为参数,分析了截面温度的分布规律以及不同参数对耐火极限的影响,比较了圆钢管和方钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱抗火性能的差异。研究结果表明:相同截面形状系数(单位长度构件外表面直接受热面积与其体积的比值)下,方钢管与圆钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱的截面温度分布规律类似,方形截面内部混凝土的温度较圆形截面相同位置处的略低,前者的耐火极限高于后者,且构件长细比与荷载比越小,二者耐火极限差距越显著;当长细比为30时,对于荷载比不超过0.5且截面边长不小于600mm的方钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱,其耐火极限可达到或超过柱类构件一级耐火极限3h的要求,而对于圆钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱,仅当荷载比更小且截面直径更大时,才能满足这一要求。
In order to investigate the differences in the fire performance between circular and square steel tube confined reinforced concrete(STCRC) columns, a finite element model was developed using the program ABAQUS. Heat transfer analysis and stress analysis were carried out, where the examined parameters included cross-section dimension, load ratio and slenderness ratio. The temperature distributions of the composite cross-section and the effects of various factors on the fire resistance were analyzed and the differences in the fire performance between circular and square columns were discussed. While the temperature of the circular section is slightly higher than that of the square one with the same section factor, the temperature distributions of these two sections are similar. The fire resistance of the square STCRC columns is much higher than that of the circular ones, especially for the columns with lower slenderness ratios and load ratios. With a slenderness ratio of 30, the fire resistance of the square STCRC columns can exceed 3 h when the load ratio is lower than 0.5 and sectional dimension is larger than 600 mm. However, this limit can only be reached for circular columns with much lower load ratios and larger diameters.
In order to investigate the differences in the fire performance between circular and square steel tube confined reinforced concrete(STCRC) columns, a finite element model was developed using the program ABAQUS. Heat transfer analysis and stress analysis were carried out, where the examined parameters included cross-section dimension, load ratio and slenderness ratio. The temperature distributions of the composite cross-section and the effects of various factors on the fire resistance were analyzed and the differences in the fire performance between circular and square columns were discussed. While the temperature of the circular section is slightly higher than that of the square one with the same section factor, the temperature distributions of these two sections are similar. The fire resistance of the square STCRC columns is much higher than that of the circular ones, especially for the columns with lower slenderness ratios and load ratios. With a slenderness ratio of 30, the fire resistance of the square STCRC columns can exceed 3 h when the load ratio is lower than 0.5 and sectional dimension is larger than 600 mm. However, this limit can only be reached for circular columns with much lower load ratios and larger diameters.
引文
[1] TOMII M, SAKINO K, WATANBE K, et al. Lateral load capacity of reinforced concrete short columns confined by steel tube[C]// Proceedings of the International Speciality Conference on Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Structures.Harbin, China:Harbin Institute of Technology, 1985: 19-26.
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[4] ZHANG S M, LIU J P. Seismic behavior and strength of square tube confined reinforced-concrete (STRC) columns[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2007, 63(9): 1194-1207.
[5] ZHOU X H, LIU J P. Seismic behavior and shear strength of tubed RC short columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2010, 66(3): 385-397.
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[8] 周绪红, 刘界鹏, 张素梅. 方钢管约束钢筋高强混凝土超短柱抗震性能试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2010, 43(8):1-10.(ZHOU Xuhong, LIU Jiepeng, ZHANG Sumei. Seismic behavior of ultra short columns of square tubed high strength reinforced concrete[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2010, 43(8):1-10. (in Chinese))
[9] 刘发起. 火灾下与火灾后圆钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱力学性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2014:74-86.(LIU Faqi. Fire and post-fire behaviours of circular steel tube confined reinforced concrete columns[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014: 74-86. (in Chinese))
[10] LIU F, GARDNE L, YANG H. Post-fire behaviour of reinforced concrete stub columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2014, 102(11):82-103.
[11] YANG H, LIU F, GARDNER L. Post-fire behaviour of slender reinforced concrete columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2015, 87(11):12-29.
[12] LIU F, YANG H, GARDNE L. Post-fire behaviour of eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2016, 122:495-510.
[13] LIE T T. Fire resistance of circular steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994, 120(5): 1489-1509.
[14] LV X T, YANG H, ZHANG S M. Effect of contact thermal resistance on temperature distributions of concrete-filled steel tubes in fire[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology (New Series), 2011, 18(1):81-88.
[15] BSI. Design of steel structures: part 1-2: general rules: structural fire design: BS EN 1993-1-2[S].London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
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[17] BSI. Design of steel structures: part 1-1: general rules and rules for buildings: BS EN 1993-1-1[S]. London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
[18] GERNAY T, MILLARD A, FRANSSEN J M. A multiaxial constitutive model for concrete in the fire situation: theoretical formulation[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2013, 50(22/23): 3659-3673.
[19] ANDERBERG Y, THELANDERSSON S. Stress and deformation characteristics of concrete at high temperatures: 2: experimental investigation and material behaviour model[R]. Division of Structural Mechanics & Concrete Construction Bulletin 54.Lund, Sweden:Lund Institute of Technology, 1976: 61- 64.
[20] HONG S, VARMA H. Analytical modeling of the standard fire behavior of loaded CFT columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2009, 65(1): 54- 69.
[21] CHABOT M, LIE T T. Experimental studies on the fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[R]. NRC-CNRC Internal Report. Mississipi Mills, Canada: National Research Council, 1992,No.628: 23-26.
[22] LIE T T, IRWIN R J. Fire resistance of rectangular steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1995, 121(5): 797-805.
[23] ESPINOS A, ROMERO M L, SERRA E, et al. Circular and square slender concrete-filled tubular columns under large eccentricities and fire[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2015, 110: 90-100.
[24] LIE T T, CHABOT M. Experimental studies on the fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with plain concrete[R]. NRC-CNRC Internal Report. Mississipi Mills, Canada: National Research Council, 1992, No.611:1-11.
[25] HAN L H, ZHAO X L, YANG Y F, et al. Experimental study and calculation of fire resistance of concrete-filled hollow steel columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(3):346-356.
[26] MOLINER V, ESPINOS A, ROMERO M L, et al. Fire behavior of eccentrically loaded slender high strength concrete-filled tubular columns[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2013, 83: 137-146.
[27] British Standards Institution. Design of composite steel and concrete structures: part 1-2:general rules: structural fire design: BS EN 1994-1-2[S]. London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
[28] 建筑构件耐火试验方法 第1部分:通用要求:GB/T 9978.1—2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.(Fire-resistance tests-elements of building construction:part 1: general requirements: GB/T 9978.1-2008[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008.(in Chinese))
[29] BUCHANAN A H, ABU A K. Structural design for fire safety[M]. New Zealand: John Wiley & Sons, 2017:124-126.
[2] 蜷川利彦,崎野健治,孫玉平. 正方形鋼管で横補強されたコンクリートの中心圧縮性状に関する実験的研究 : その1: 実験概要および実験結果[C]// 日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集, 構造II. 東京,日本:日本建築学会, 1991: 215-216.(SAKINO K, SUN Y P, TOSHIHIKO N. Behaviour of concrete confined in square steel tube under axial compression:part1: details of test specimens[C]// Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, Structures II. Tokyo, Japan: Architectural Institute of Japan, 1991: 215-216.(in Japanese))
[3] 马忠吉, 乔雷涛, 王伟,等. 矩形钢管约束钢筋混凝土超短柱滞回性能试验[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011, 43(8):21-25.(MA Zhongji, QIAO Leitao, WANG Wei, et al. Experiment on the rectangular tubed RC ultra short columns under axial compression and lateral cyclic load[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2011, 43(8):21-25.(in Chinese))
[4] ZHANG S M, LIU J P. Seismic behavior and strength of square tube confined reinforced-concrete (STRC) columns[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2007, 63(9): 1194-1207.
[5] ZHOU X H, LIU J P. Seismic behavior and shear strength of tubed RC short columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2010, 66(3): 385-397.
[6] 周绪红, 刘界鹏. 钢管约束混凝土柱的性能与设计[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2010:284-304.(ZHOU Xuhong, LIU Jiepeng. Performance and design of steel tube confined concrete columns[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2010: 284-304.(in Chinese))
[7] 周绪红, 刘界鹏, 张小冬. 钢管约束混凝土结构的设计方法[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2009, 41(增刊2): 8-11.(ZHOU Xuhong, LIU Jiepeng, ZHANG Xiaodong. Design method of tubed RC structures[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2009, 41(Suppl.2): 8-11.(in Chinese))
[8] 周绪红, 刘界鹏, 张素梅. 方钢管约束钢筋高强混凝土超短柱抗震性能试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2010, 43(8):1-10.(ZHOU Xuhong, LIU Jiepeng, ZHANG Sumei. Seismic behavior of ultra short columns of square tubed high strength reinforced concrete[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2010, 43(8):1-10. (in Chinese))
[9] 刘发起. 火灾下与火灾后圆钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱力学性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2014:74-86.(LIU Faqi. Fire and post-fire behaviours of circular steel tube confined reinforced concrete columns[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014: 74-86. (in Chinese))
[10] LIU F, GARDNE L, YANG H. Post-fire behaviour of reinforced concrete stub columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2014, 102(11):82-103.
[11] YANG H, LIU F, GARDNER L. Post-fire behaviour of slender reinforced concrete columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2015, 87(11):12-29.
[12] LIU F, YANG H, GARDNE L. Post-fire behaviour of eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete columns confined by circular steel tubes[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2016, 122:495-510.
[13] LIE T T. Fire resistance of circular steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1994, 120(5): 1489-1509.
[14] LV X T, YANG H, ZHANG S M. Effect of contact thermal resistance on temperature distributions of concrete-filled steel tubes in fire[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology (New Series), 2011, 18(1):81-88.
[15] BSI. Design of steel structures: part 1-2: general rules: structural fire design: BS EN 1993-1-2[S].London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
[16] BSI. Design of concrete structures: part 1-2: general rules: structural fire design: BS EN 1992-1-2[S]. London: British Standards Institution, 2004.
[17] BSI. Design of steel structures: part 1-1: general rules and rules for buildings: BS EN 1993-1-1[S]. London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
[18] GERNAY T, MILLARD A, FRANSSEN J M. A multiaxial constitutive model for concrete in the fire situation: theoretical formulation[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2013, 50(22/23): 3659-3673.
[19] ANDERBERG Y, THELANDERSSON S. Stress and deformation characteristics of concrete at high temperatures: 2: experimental investigation and material behaviour model[R]. Division of Structural Mechanics & Concrete Construction Bulletin 54.Lund, Sweden:Lund Institute of Technology, 1976: 61- 64.
[20] HONG S, VARMA H. Analytical modeling of the standard fire behavior of loaded CFT columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2009, 65(1): 54- 69.
[21] CHABOT M, LIE T T. Experimental studies on the fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[R]. NRC-CNRC Internal Report. Mississipi Mills, Canada: National Research Council, 1992,No.628: 23-26.
[22] LIE T T, IRWIN R J. Fire resistance of rectangular steel columns filled with bar-reinforced concrete[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1995, 121(5): 797-805.
[23] ESPINOS A, ROMERO M L, SERRA E, et al. Circular and square slender concrete-filled tubular columns under large eccentricities and fire[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2015, 110: 90-100.
[24] LIE T T, CHABOT M. Experimental studies on the fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with plain concrete[R]. NRC-CNRC Internal Report. Mississipi Mills, Canada: National Research Council, 1992, No.611:1-11.
[25] HAN L H, ZHAO X L, YANG Y F, et al. Experimental study and calculation of fire resistance of concrete-filled hollow steel columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(3):346-356.
[26] MOLINER V, ESPINOS A, ROMERO M L, et al. Fire behavior of eccentrically loaded slender high strength concrete-filled tubular columns[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2013, 83: 137-146.
[27] British Standards Institution. Design of composite steel and concrete structures: part 1-2:general rules: structural fire design: BS EN 1994-1-2[S]. London: British Standards Institution, 2005.
[28] 建筑构件耐火试验方法 第1部分:通用要求:GB/T 9978.1—2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.(Fire-resistance tests-elements of building construction:part 1: general requirements: GB/T 9978.1-2008[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008.(in Chinese))
[29] BUCHANAN A H, ABU A K. Structural design for fire safety[M]. New Zealand: John Wiley & Sons, 2017:124-126.