不同间作模式对核桃生长状况的比较分析
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摘要
以核桃/小麦/欧李、核桃/小麦、核桃/山药3种间作模式为研究对象,调查不同间作模式下的田间小气候及一年生核桃幼苗的SPAD、根系发育及幼苗成活率,旨在了解直播建园核桃幼苗生长动态。结果表明:3种间作模式中,核桃/小麦模式的温度最高(32.91℃),核桃/山药模式的相对湿度最高(69.31%),核桃/小麦/欧李模式的田间光照强度(7068 lx)、根系发育个数(48个)及幼苗成活率(75.8%)最高。核桃/小麦/欧李模式的核桃幼苗生长状况优于其他2种间作模式,为最优模式。
Aiming to figure out the growth status of walnut seedlings under different intercropping patterns in direct-seeding walnut orchard,the interspecific intercropping patterns of walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry,walnuts-wheat,walnut-yam were used to investigate the field microclimate and the SPAD,root development and seedling survival rate of annual walnut seedlings.The results showed that the walnuts-wheat pattern had the highest temperature(32.91℃),the walnut-yam pattern had the highest relative humidity(69.31%),while the field intensity(7068 lx),the number of root development(48) and the seedling survival rate(75.8%) of the walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry pattern were the highest among the three intercropping patterns.Walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry might be the optimal pattern since its seedling growth was better than the other two intercropping patterns.
Aiming to figure out the growth status of walnut seedlings under different intercropping patterns in direct-seeding walnut orchard,the interspecific intercropping patterns of walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry,walnuts-wheat,walnut-yam were used to investigate the field microclimate and the SPAD,root development and seedling survival rate of annual walnut seedlings.The results showed that the walnuts-wheat pattern had the highest temperature(32.91℃),the walnut-yam pattern had the highest relative humidity(69.31%),while the field intensity(7068 lx),the number of root development(48) and the seedling survival rate(75.8%) of the walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry pattern were the highest among the three intercropping patterns.Walnut-wheat-Chinese dwarf cherry might be the optimal pattern since its seedling growth was better than the other two intercropping patterns.
引文
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[21]史彦江,俞涛,哈地尔·依沙克,等.枣粮(棉)间作系统枣树根系空间分布特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(10):59-64.
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[23]高国治,王明珠,张斌.低丘红壤南酸枣-花生复合系统物种间水肥光竞争的研究——Ⅱ.南酸枣与花生利用光能分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(2):92-94.
[24]廖文超,毕华兴,高路博,等.苹果-大豆间作系统光照分布及其对作物的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(1):25-29.
[25]冯广龙,刘昌明,王立.土壤水分对作物根系生长及分布的调控作用[J].生态农业研究,1996,4(3):5-9.
[26]韦如意,史军辉.微咸水灌溉对小麦根系生长的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2003,40(1):48-49.
[2]俞涛,宋锋惠,卓热木·塔西,等.枣麦间作系统小气候效应研究初报[J].新疆农业科学,2009,46(2):338-345.
[3]袁玉欣,魏宏侠,马荣泽,等.杨粮间作系统农作物产量研究[J].河北林果研究,2001,16(1):8-13.
[4]刘郁娜,徐文修,张巨松,等.杏棉间作系统棉花冠层小气候特征及棉花产量边际效应研究[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(12):2176-2182.
[5]何景雪,陈彤,刘国勇.南疆三地州枣粮棉不同间作模式经济效益分析[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(1):183-189.
[5]吴大江,罗巨海,胡醒友.林棉间作经济效益分析[J].中国棉花,2013,40(2):29-30.
[7]黄基蓉,程凉琼,范诗明.果蔬间作高效栽培技术[J].四川农业科技,2012,11:24.
[8]乔旭,雷钧杰,陈兴武,等.核麦间作系统小气候效应及其对小麦产量的影响[J].中国农业气象,2012,33(4):540-544.
[9]王继永,王文全,武惠肖.林药间作系统光照效应及其对药用植物高生长的影响[J].浙江林学院学报,2003,20(1):17-22.
[10]陈向东,兰进,李先恩,等.不同种植模式下丹参质量研究[J].中药材,2011,34(1):8-11.
[11]陈笑莉,安树康,方彩红.林药间作品种及优化模式筛选试验初报[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(19):99-100.
[12]黄宝龙,黄文丁.林农复合经营生态体系的研究[J].生态学杂志,1991,10(3):27-32.
[13]娄安如.黄淮海平原桐粮间作生物量生长规律探讨[J].农村生态环境,1995,11(1):15-18.
[14]袁玉欣,裴保华,王文全等.杨粮间作条件下的作物产量与生物量[J].河北农业大学学报,1996,19(2):24-30.
[15]吴运英,熊勤学.桐麦间作地能量平衡和水分利用状况及其与产量的关系[J].林业科学,1991,27(4):410-416.
[16]Jiasen Wu,Haiping Lin,Cifu Meng,et al.Effects of intercropping grasses on soil organic carbon and microbial community functional diversity under Chinese hickory(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)stands[J].Soil Research,2014,52(6):575-583.
[17]谢莉.苏北地区主要林粮间作模式的土壤性状及林木对农作物影响状况的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2005.
[18]孙辉,唐亚,何永华.等.高固氮植物篱模式对坡耕地土壤养分的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2002,10(2):83-86.
[19]廉梅霞,李云平,郭晋平,等.黄土高原农林复合经营土壤微生物种群及数量变化的初步研究[J].山西林业科技,2006,(4):20-22,35.
[20]王颖,袁玉欣,魏红侠,等.杨粮间作系统小气候研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2001,9(3):40-42.
[21]史彦江,俞涛,哈地尔·依沙克,等.枣粮(棉)间作系统枣树根系空间分布特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(10):59-64.
[22]马媛,廖康,邱晨,等.杏麦间作环境温湿度日变化规律研究[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(1):80-85.
[23]高国治,王明珠,张斌.低丘红壤南酸枣-花生复合系统物种间水肥光竞争的研究——Ⅱ.南酸枣与花生利用光能分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,12(2):92-94.
[24]廖文超,毕华兴,高路博,等.苹果-大豆间作系统光照分布及其对作物的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(1):25-29.
[25]冯广龙,刘昌明,王立.土壤水分对作物根系生长及分布的调控作用[J].生态农业研究,1996,4(3):5-9.
[26]韦如意,史军辉.微咸水灌溉对小麦根系生长的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2003,40(1):48-49.