单壁碳纳米管-CoFe_2O_4双层复合材料的微波吸收特性
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摘要
通过直流电弧放电法制备了高结晶性单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs),采用溶胶凝胶自燃法制备CoFe_2O_4,并将两种材料复合制成SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4双层吸波材料。使用Raman光谱、XRD、SEM、TEM和矢量网络分析仪对SWCNTs和CoFe_2O_4的形貌、结构和电磁性能进行了表征,并利用传输线理论分析了SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4双层吸波材料在2~18GHz频带内的微波吸收性能。结果表明,相对于单一材料,SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4双层复合材料的吸波性能得到了极大提高。当CoFe_2O_4作为匹配层、SWCNTs作为吸收层时,通过调节匹配层和吸收层的厚度,SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4双层复合材料的最强反射损耗可以达到-61.13dB,低于-10dB的吸收带宽达到7GHz(8~15GHz)。因此,SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4双层复合材料是一种新型的有应用前景的高吸收宽频带吸波材料。
The high crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)were prepared by direct current arc-discharge method and the CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method.The double-layer composites for microwave absorption were fabricated by compositing SWCNTs and CoFe_2O_4.Their phase structures,surface morphologies and electromagnetic parameters were characterized by Raman spectrum,XRD,SEM,TEM and vector network analyzer.The microwave absorption properties of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites were calculated according to transmission line theory in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.The results show that the absorption property of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites is improved greatly.The best reflection loss of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composite reaches-61.13 dB as the match layer is CoFe_2O_4 and the absorbing layer is SWCNTs.The absorbing bandwidth with the reflection loss values below-10 dB of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites is 7 GHz which from 8 GHz to 15 GHz.SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles double-layer composites could be described as an excellent absorbing material with high reflection loss and broad absorbing bandwidth.
The high crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)were prepared by direct current arc-discharge method and the CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method.The double-layer composites for microwave absorption were fabricated by compositing SWCNTs and CoFe_2O_4.Their phase structures,surface morphologies and electromagnetic parameters were characterized by Raman spectrum,XRD,SEM,TEM and vector network analyzer.The microwave absorption properties of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites were calculated according to transmission line theory in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.The results show that the absorption property of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites is improved greatly.The best reflection loss of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composite reaches-61.13 dB as the match layer is CoFe_2O_4 and the absorbing layer is SWCNTs.The absorbing bandwidth with the reflection loss values below-10 dB of SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 double-layer composites is 7 GHz which from 8 GHz to 15 GHz.SWCNTs-CoFe_2O_4 nanoparticles double-layer composites could be described as an excellent absorbing material with high reflection loss and broad absorbing bandwidth.
引文
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[2]LI G,SHENG L,YU L,et al.Electromagnetic and microwave absorption properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes and CoFe2O4nanocomposites[J].Materials Science and Engineering B,2015,193:153-159.
[3]ZHANG Y,HUANG Y,ZHANG T,et al.Broadband and tunable high-performance microwave absorption of an ultralight and highly compressible graphene foam[J].Advanced Materials,2015,27(12):2049-2053.
[4]CAO M S,YANG J,SONG W L,et al.Ferroferric oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube vs polyaniline/ferroferric oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube multiheterostructures for highly effective microwave absorption[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2012,4(12):6949-6956.
[5]CHE R C,PENG L M,DUAN X F,et al.Microwave absorption enhancement and complex permittivity and permeability of Fe encapsulated within carbon nanotubes[J].Advanced Materials,2004,16(5):401-405.
[6]ZHANG X F,DONG X L,HUANG H,et al.Microwave absorption properties of the carbon-coated nickel nanocapsules[J].Applied Physics Letters,2006,89(5):053115.
[7]HE H,LUO F,QIAN N,et al.Improved microwave absorption and electromagnetic properties of BaFe12O19-poly(vinylidene fluoride)composites by incorporating reduced graphene oxides[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2015,117(8):085502.
[8]LU M M,CAO W Q,SHI H L,et al.Multi-wall carbon nanotubes decorated with ZnO nanocrystals:Mild solutionprocess synthesis and highly efficient microwave absorption properties at elevated temperature[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(27):10540-10547.
[9]贺可强,郁黎明,盛雷梅,等.单壁碳纳米管/六角钡铁氧体复合材料的微波吸收性能[J].复合材料学报,2011,28(4):112-116.HE K Q,YU L M,SHENG L M,et al.Microwave absorption properties of single-wall carbon nanotubes/barium hexaferrite composite[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinia,2011,28(4):112-116(in Chinese).
[10]王睿,万怡灶,何芳,等.碳纤维连续镀镍生产工艺及其屏蔽复合材料[J].复合材料学报,2010,27(5):19-23.WANG R,WAN Y Z,HE F,et al.Nickel-plated carbon fiber continuous production process and its shielding composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2010,27(5):19-23(in Chinese).
[11]CHEN Y H,HUANG Z H,LU M M,et al.3D Fe3O4nanocrystals decorating carbon nanotubes to tune electromagnetic properties and enhance microwave absorption capacity[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(24):12621-12625.
[12]LU M M,CAO M S,CHEN Y H,et al.Multiscale assembly of grape-like ferroferric oxide and carbon nanotubes:A smart absorber prototype varying temperature to tune intensities[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2015,7(34):19408-19415.
[13]LIU P,NG V M H,YAO Z,et al.Microwave absorption properties of double-layer absorbers based on Co0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4ferrite and reduced graphene oxide composites[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,701:841-849.
[14]MELVIN G J H,NI Q Q,NATSUKI T,et al.Ag/CNT nanocomposites and their single-and double-layer electromagnetic wave absorption properties[J].Synthetic Metals,2015,209:383-388.
[15]MIAO W,ZHAO X,MASATO O,et al.Carbon nanotubes grown on the surface of cathode deposit by arc discharge[J].Fullerenes Nanotubes&Carbon Nanostructures,1996,4(5):1027-1039.
[16]YU L,CAO S,LIU Y,et al.Thermal and structural analysis on the nanocrystalline NiCuZn ferrite synthesis in different atmospheres[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2006,301(1):100-106.
[17]KUZMANY H,PLANK W,HULMAN M,et al.Determination of SWCNT diameters from the Raman response of the radial breathing mode[J].The European Physical Journal B,2001,22(3):307-320.
[18]RAJENDRAN M,PULLAR R C,BHATTACHARYA A K,et al.Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline CoFe2O4powders prepared at room temperature:variation with crystallite size[J].Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2001,232(1-2):71-83.
[19]HASAR U C.A new microwave method based on transmission scattering parameter measurements for simultaneous broadband and stable permittivity and permeability determination[J].Progress in Electromagnetics Research,2009,93(4):161-176.
[20]LUUKKONEN O,MASLOVSKI S I,TRETYAKOV S A.A stepwise Nicolson-Ross-Weir-based material parameter extraction method[J].IEEE Antennas&Wireless Propagation Letters,2011,10(4):1295-1298.
[21]ZHANG X F,DONG X L,HUANG H,et al.Microwave absorption properties of the carbon-coated nickel nanocapsules[J].Applied Physics Letters,2006,89(5):053115.
[22]WU F,XIA Y,WANG Y,et al.Two-step reduction of selfassembed three-dimensional(3D)reduced graphene oxide(RGO)/zinc oxide(ZnO)nanocomposites for electromagnetic absorption[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(47):20307-20315.
[23]CAO M S,SONG W L,HOU Z L,et al.The effects of temperature and frequency on the dielectric properties,electromagnetic interference shielding and microwave-absorption of short carbon fiber/silica composites[J].Carbon,2010,48(3):788-796.
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[25]XIANG J,LI J,ZHANG X,et al.Magnetic carbon nanofibers containing uniformly dispersed Fe/Co/Ni nano-particles as stable and high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(40):16905-16914.
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