金属矿床地下采矿方法分类表的修订
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摘要
科学、合理地进行采矿方法分类有助于后期新采矿方法的分门别类及采矿基础理论的发展。针对采矿方法分类存在的诸多问题,结合采矿方法分类发展历程,对分类基本原则进行了归纳,并对分类中存在的问题进行了详细的阐释、论述与订正,基于此制订了采矿方法修订原则且改进了原有的采矿方法分类表。研究表明:(1)分类应依地压管理方法进行,联合法应剔除采矿方法分类表,支柱及支柱充填采矿法属于充填法,嗣后充填类采矿方法分类则视回采时充填体所起作用而定;(2)空场嗣后充填采矿法的归属问题应视回采时具体情况而定,组合式采矿方法包含于三大类采矿方法,而联合式采矿法则单独分类,"爆力运矿采矿法"不必列入"采矿方法名称"列;(3)采矿方法分类必须依回采时(非回采后)的地压管理方法进行,结合各类采矿方法特性,得到改进后采矿方法分类表。
Cientific and reasonable classification for mining methods are conducive to the categorization of future mining methods and the development of basic theory of mining. However,the current classification of mining method is questionable. Therefore,in this paper,considering the development history of mining method,various classification principles were discussed,some problems in the classification were demonstrated,discussed and dealt with.Finally,a modified classification principle of mining methods was developed,and the current classification table of mining methods was improved. The results show that(1)the classification process should be based on the underground pressure management,the coupled method should be removed from the classification table of mining methods,pillar mining method and pillar filling mining method are both belong to the categorization of filling mining method,and the classification of some subsequent filling methods should be performed by considering the role that the filling body plays(i.e.,ground stress control or goaf treatment);(2)the belonging of the open stoping method with delayed filling should be based on the actual situation,the combined mining method should be involved in the three mining methods,the coupled mining method should be separately classified,and the explosive ore-handling mining method was not an independent method;(3)the classification of mining methods should be performed by considering the ground stress control methods,and a improved classification table of mining methods can be obtained based on the properties of various mining methods.
Cientific and reasonable classification for mining methods are conducive to the categorization of future mining methods and the development of basic theory of mining. However,the current classification of mining method is questionable. Therefore,in this paper,considering the development history of mining method,various classification principles were discussed,some problems in the classification were demonstrated,discussed and dealt with.Finally,a modified classification principle of mining methods was developed,and the current classification table of mining methods was improved. The results show that(1)the classification process should be based on the underground pressure management,the coupled method should be removed from the classification table of mining methods,pillar mining method and pillar filling mining method are both belong to the categorization of filling mining method,and the classification of some subsequent filling methods should be performed by considering the role that the filling body plays(i.e.,ground stress control or goaf treatment);(2)the belonging of the open stoping method with delayed filling should be based on the actual situation,the combined mining method should be involved in the three mining methods,the coupled mining method should be separately classified,and the explosive ore-handling mining method was not an independent method;(3)the classification of mining methods should be performed by considering the ground stress control methods,and a improved classification table of mining methods can be obtained based on the properties of various mining methods.
引文
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[2]采矿设计手册编写委员会.采矿设计手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987.Editorial Committee of Mining Design Handbook.Mining Design Handbook[M].Beijing:China Construction Industry Press,1987.
[3]Marcus J J.Mining Environmental Handbook[M].London:Imperial College Press,1997.
[4]Harman H L.Mining Engineering Handbook[M].2nd Edition.Littleton:SME,1992.
[5]Mihaylov G.An approach to designing a classification of the underground ore mining methods[J].Mining and Mineral Processing,2003,46(2):1-4.
[6]Oparin V N,Tapsiev A P,Freidin A M.Classification of methods for ore mining at a large depth[J].Journal of Mining Science,2008,44(6):569-577.
[7]东北工学院.关于金属矿床地下采矿方法分类问题[J].采矿译本,1958,5(3):45-52.Northeast Institute of Technology.Classification of underground mining methods for metallic deposits[J].Mining Translation,1958,5(3):45-52.
[8]甘肃金川有色金属公司龙首矿生产技术科.对金属矿床地下采矿方法分类的看法[J].有色金属(矿山部分),1977(1):47-50.Department of Production Technology of Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Company in Gansu Longshou Mine.The classification of metal deposits underground mining method view[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mining Section),1977(1):47-50.
[9]任新民.关于采矿方法几个问题的讨论[J].中国钼业,1995,10(2):45-50.Ren Xinmin.Discussion on some problems of mining methods[J].China Molybdenum Industry,1995,10(2):45-50.
[10]孙豁然,毛凤海,安龙,等.论金属矿床地下开采采矿方法称谓[J].金属矿山,2010,39(2):13-17.Sun Huoran,Mao Fenghai,An Long,et al.Discourse upon the appellation of underground mining methods in metal mine[J].Metal Mine,2010,39(2):13-17.
[11]王青,任凤玉.采矿学[M].第2版.北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.Wang Qing,Ren Fengyu.Mining Science[M].2nd Edition.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011.
[12]王运敏.现代采矿手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.Wang Yunmin.Handbook of Modern Mining[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011.
[13]北京钢铁学院.金属矿床开采[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1959.Beijing Institute of Iron and Steel.Mining of Metal Deposits[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1959.
[14]张玉清.关于金属矿床地下采矿方法分类的探讨[J].有色金属(矿山部分),1975(4):51-57.Zhang Yuqing.Discussion on classification of underground mining methods for metal deposits[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mining Section),1975(4):51-57.
[15]解世俊.金属矿床地下开采[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1979.Xie Shijun.Underground Mining of Metal Deposits[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1979.
[16]王青,史维祥.采矿学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001.Wang Qing,Shi Weixiang.Mining Science[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2001.
[17]张世雄.固体矿物资源开发工程[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2005.Zhang Shixiong.Development Engineering of Solid Mineral Resources[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press,2005.
[18]张世雄.固体矿物资源开发工程[M].第2版.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2010.Zhang Shixiong.Development Engineering of Solid Mineral Resources[M].2nd Edition.Wuhan:Wuhan Univer-sity of Technology Press,2010.
[19]陈庆发,刘俊广,黎永杰,等.电耙—爆力协同搬运伪倾斜房柱采矿法[P].中国:CN201610577976.4,2016-07-21.Chen Qingfa,Liu Junguang,Li Yongjie,et al.Electric rake-explosive cooperativecarrying oblique room pillar mining method[P].China:CN201610577976.4,2016-07-21.
[20]陈庆发,李世轩,胡华瑞,等.浅孔凿岩爆力—电耙协同运搬分段矿房采矿法[P].中国:CN106499395A,2017-03-15.Chen Qingfa,Li Shixuan,Hu Huarui,et al.Mining method of sublevel caving with shallow borehole rock blasting force-electric Harrow[P].China:CN106499395A,2017-03-15.