西北地区公民逝世后器官捐献者家属捐献意愿影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解和分析西北地区公民逝世后器官捐献者家属捐献意愿状况和影响因素,以利于提高公民逝世后器官成功捐献的比例。方法对2011年7月至2017年6月,在西安交通大学第一附属医院器官获取组织发现的1480例符合中国人体器官捐献标准的潜在捐献者进行回顾性分析。分析1480例人群性别、年龄、直系家庭成员数、家庭年收入、受教育程度、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、居住地、职业、死因的情况。结果1480例潜在捐献者中,拒绝捐献者1044例(70.5%),同意捐献者436例(29.5%)。436例同意捐献者中,425例成功捐献,因从外院转运途中抢救无效死亡或者供者病情危重来不及实施捐献者11例。捐献是否成功与潜在供者的年龄、直系家庭成员数、家庭年收入、受教育程度、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、居住地、职业和死因等因素相关。结论年龄较大、家庭直系成员少、家庭年收入低、学历低、已婚、有宗教信仰、非城镇居民、农民和脑外伤/脑出血患者的捐献率高。宣传普及器官捐献知识,建立合理的补偿和激励机制对于提高器官捐献率有着一定的现实意义。
Objective: To investigate and analyze the status and influencing factorsof family decision of donation after citizen's death in northwest China. Methods: From July 2011 to June 2017, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 1480 cases of potential donors who met the Chinese criteria for organ donation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The gender, age, number of immediate family members, annual family income, education level, marital status, religious beliefs, residence, occupation and cause of death were analyzed in 1480 cases. Results: In 1480 potential donors, 1044 cases(70.5%) refused to donate and 436 cases(29.5%) consented to donate. Among 436 cases who agreed to donate, there were 425 cases of successful donation and 11 cases failed to donate because of patient died in the transfer from other hospital or the donor's critical condition. The success of donation was related to the age of potential donor, number of immediate family members, annual family income, education level, marital status, religious beliefs, residence, occupation and cause of death. Conclusion: There was a higher degree of organ donation for these people with higher age, less number of immediate family members and family income, poorly educated, being married, religious, non-urban residents, peasant and death reason of brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage. It is of cerain practical significance to popularize the knowledge of organ donation and establish reasonable compensation and incentive mechanism to improve the rate of organ donation.
Objective: To investigate and analyze the status and influencing factorsof family decision of donation after citizen's death in northwest China. Methods: From July 2011 to June 2017, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 1480 cases of potential donors who met the Chinese criteria for organ donation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The gender, age, number of immediate family members, annual family income, education level, marital status, religious beliefs, residence, occupation and cause of death were analyzed in 1480 cases. Results: In 1480 potential donors, 1044 cases(70.5%) refused to donate and 436 cases(29.5%) consented to donate. Among 436 cases who agreed to donate, there were 425 cases of successful donation and 11 cases failed to donate because of patient died in the transfer from other hospital or the donor's critical condition. The success of donation was related to the age of potential donor, number of immediate family members, annual family income, education level, marital status, religious beliefs, residence, occupation and cause of death. Conclusion: There was a higher degree of organ donation for these people with higher age, less number of immediate family members and family income, poorly educated, being married, religious, non-urban residents, peasant and death reason of brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage. It is of cerain practical significance to popularize the knowledge of organ donation and establish reasonable compensation and incentive mechanism to improve the rate of organ donation.
引文
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[7]Gary S.Becker,Julio Jorge Elias.Introducing Incentives in the Market for Live and Cadaveric Organ Donations[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2007,21(3):3-24.
[2]黄洁夫.推动我国器官移植事业健康发展的关键性举措[J].中华器官移植杂志,2011,32(1):1-4.
[3]杨颖,黄海,邱鸿钟.我国公民逝世后器官捐献意愿调查及影响因素研究[J].中国医院,2014,18(3):18-19.
[4]王胤佳,李超,张睿,等.器官捐献意愿影响因素的调查[J].器官移植,2013,4(2):75-78.
[5]吴珍,高玲玲,陈雪莲,等.广东省流动人口的器官捐献意愿及其影响因素的调查[J].器官移植,2016,7(1):53-56.
[6]郑恒.国外器官捐献的经济激励、市场制度及改革启示[J].南方经济,2016(4):99-115.
[7]Gary S.Becker,Julio Jorge Elias.Introducing Incentives in the Market for Live and Cadaveric Organ Donations[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2007,21(3):3-24.