西北新建砌体农房抗震及热工性能分析与改造建议
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摘要
为改善陇中地区农村新建砌体房屋抗震性能较差,建筑耗能大等问题。针对已建某农房进行基于实际调研数据的有限元建模,就结构自振周期及在静力、地震作用下的力学响应进行分析,并提出改进措施。除此之外,还对该农房进行建筑物耗热量指标计算,得出围护结构屋面、墙体为主要耗能部位,且维护结构传热系数较大,并就其提出新的保温做法。研究表明,农房砌筑墙体、屋面连接较弱,地震作用下墙体顶部位移相对墙体中部、底部位移较大,墙体易出现平面外拉裂破坏;改进后可有效减轻地震响应。同时,改进后农房可大大降低建筑能耗,提高室内舒适度。
In order to improve the following deficiencies of the new masonry residential housing in middle area of Gansu province: poor seismic performance and large energy consumption in winter,a finite element modeling of typical housing is built on the basis of the actual research parameters. After the mechanical responses analysis with static force,structural vibration frequency and dynamic responses under the earthquake,the drift amplitude and damage of wall are illuminateo,and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward. In addition,the results of heat consumption index calculator show that the roof and enveloped wall are the main part of energy consuming part. The correlative improving measures are also adopted in the paper. The research shows that the wall-roof of which the connection area is weak,presents larger displacement at the top than the bottom location,which easily leads to out-of-plane tensile failure; The improvement measure can effectively reduce earthquake response. The calculation results of improved rural housing model shows that the improved housing can greatly reduce energy consumption and improve indoor living condition.
In order to improve the following deficiencies of the new masonry residential housing in middle area of Gansu province: poor seismic performance and large energy consumption in winter,a finite element modeling of typical housing is built on the basis of the actual research parameters. After the mechanical responses analysis with static force,structural vibration frequency and dynamic responses under the earthquake,the drift amplitude and damage of wall are illuminateo,and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward. In addition,the results of heat consumption index calculator show that the roof and enveloped wall are the main part of energy consuming part. The correlative improving measures are also adopted in the paper. The research shows that the wall-roof of which the connection area is weak,presents larger displacement at the top than the bottom location,which easily leads to out-of-plane tensile failure; The improvement measure can effectively reduce earthquake response. The calculation results of improved rural housing model shows that the improved housing can greatly reduce energy consumption and improve indoor living condition.
引文
[1]张琰鑫,童丽萍.农村夯土类住宅抗震性能分析及加固方法研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2012,34(1):126~133Zhang Yan-xin,Tong Li-ping.Study on Seismic Perfoand Strengthening Method of Rural Rammed Earth Buildings[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2012,34(1):126~133(in Chinese)
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[3]刘付林,潘玉勤,杜永恒.河南地区村镇住宅屋面保温隔热性能浅析[J].节能技术,2010,28(160):158~186Liu Fu-lin,Pan Yu-qin,Du Yong-heng.Analyses on Roof Thermal Insulation Performance of Rural Residential Buildings in Henan Province[J].Energy Conservation Technology,2010,28(160):158~186(in Chinese)
[4]杨柳,赵云兵.寒冷地区农村住宅冬季室内热环境研究[J].建筑节能,2013,42(269):2~7Liu Y,Zhao Yun-bing.Indoor Heat Environment for Rural Residential Cold Areas in Winter[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2013,42(269):2~7(in Chinese)
[5]马超,刘艳峰,王登甲,等.西北农村住宅建筑热工性能及节能策略分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2015,47(3):427~432Ma Chao,Liu Yan-feng,Wang Deng-jia,et al.Analysis of Thermal Performance and Energy Saving Strategy of Rural Residence Building in Northwest China[J].Xi’an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition)2015,47(3):427~432(in Chinese)
[6]赖艳萍,张志刚,魏璠,等.北方农村典型住宅的能耗比较分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(S1):12~16Lai Yan-ping,Zhang Zhi-gang,Wei Fan,et al.Comparative Analysis on Energy Consumption of Typical Residence in Rural Areas of Northern China[J].Transactions of the CASE,2011,27(S1):12~16(in Chinese)
[7]杨卫忠.砌体受压本构关系模型[J].建筑结构,2008,(10):80~82Yang Wei-zhong.Constitutive Relationship Model for Masonry Materials in Compression[J].Building Structure,2008(10):80~82(in Chinese)
[8]GB 50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S]GB 50010-2010,Code for Design of Concrete Structures[S](in Chinese)
[9]GB 50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S]GB 50011-2010,Code for Seismic Design of Building[S](in Chinese)
[10]GB50003-2011,砌体结构设计规范[S]GB 50003-2011,Code for Design of Masonry Structures[S](in Chinese)
[11]DB62/T25-3033-2006,采暖居住建筑节能设计标准[S]DB62/T25-3033-2006,Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Heating Residential Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[12]严寒和寒冷地区农村住房节能技术导则(试行)[S].2009Technical Guide for Rural House Energy-saving in cold and Severe Cold Areas[S](in Chinese)
[13]JGJ 26-2010,严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准[S]JGJ 26-2010,Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Sever Cold and Zones[S](in Chinese)
[14]曾银枝,李保华,徐福泉,等.村镇砌体结构住宅抗震性能现状分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(3):121~126Zeng Yin-zhi,Li Bao-hua,Xu Fu-quan,et al.Seismic Behavior Analysis of Masonry Structures in Rural Aren[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,,2011,33(3):121~126(in Chinese)
[2]张群,梁锐,刘加平.宁夏地区乡村民居节能设计研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2011,43(4):570~575Zhang Qun,Liang Rui,Liu Jia-ping.Energy Efficiency of Rural Dwellings in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J].Xi’an Univ.of Arch.&Tech,2011,43(4):570~575(in Chinese)
[3]刘付林,潘玉勤,杜永恒.河南地区村镇住宅屋面保温隔热性能浅析[J].节能技术,2010,28(160):158~186Liu Fu-lin,Pan Yu-qin,Du Yong-heng.Analyses on Roof Thermal Insulation Performance of Rural Residential Buildings in Henan Province[J].Energy Conservation Technology,2010,28(160):158~186(in Chinese)
[4]杨柳,赵云兵.寒冷地区农村住宅冬季室内热环境研究[J].建筑节能,2013,42(269):2~7Liu Y,Zhao Yun-bing.Indoor Heat Environment for Rural Residential Cold Areas in Winter[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2013,42(269):2~7(in Chinese)
[5]马超,刘艳峰,王登甲,等.西北农村住宅建筑热工性能及节能策略分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2015,47(3):427~432Ma Chao,Liu Yan-feng,Wang Deng-jia,et al.Analysis of Thermal Performance and Energy Saving Strategy of Rural Residence Building in Northwest China[J].Xi’an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition)2015,47(3):427~432(in Chinese)
[6]赖艳萍,张志刚,魏璠,等.北方农村典型住宅的能耗比较分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(S1):12~16Lai Yan-ping,Zhang Zhi-gang,Wei Fan,et al.Comparative Analysis on Energy Consumption of Typical Residence in Rural Areas of Northern China[J].Transactions of the CASE,2011,27(S1):12~16(in Chinese)
[7]杨卫忠.砌体受压本构关系模型[J].建筑结构,2008,(10):80~82Yang Wei-zhong.Constitutive Relationship Model for Masonry Materials in Compression[J].Building Structure,2008(10):80~82(in Chinese)
[8]GB 50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S]GB 50010-2010,Code for Design of Concrete Structures[S](in Chinese)
[9]GB 50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S]GB 50011-2010,Code for Seismic Design of Building[S](in Chinese)
[10]GB50003-2011,砌体结构设计规范[S]GB 50003-2011,Code for Design of Masonry Structures[S](in Chinese)
[11]DB62/T25-3033-2006,采暖居住建筑节能设计标准[S]DB62/T25-3033-2006,Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Heating Residential Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[12]严寒和寒冷地区农村住房节能技术导则(试行)[S].2009Technical Guide for Rural House Energy-saving in cold and Severe Cold Areas[S](in Chinese)
[13]JGJ 26-2010,严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准[S]JGJ 26-2010,Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Sever Cold and Zones[S](in Chinese)
[14]曾银枝,李保华,徐福泉,等.村镇砌体结构住宅抗震性能现状分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(3):121~126Zeng Yin-zhi,Li Bao-hua,Xu Fu-quan,et al.Seismic Behavior Analysis of Masonry Structures in Rural Aren[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,,2011,33(3):121~126(in Chinese)