Y/?接线电力变压器直流扰动励磁特性
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摘要
针对Y/Δ接线电力变压器在直流扰动下的偏磁饱和问题,通过模型仿真与实验验证相结合的方法,研究了变压器直流扰动下励磁参数的变化规律与励磁特性。首先,利用励磁电感、电流作为单/三相变压器的关键励磁参数,反映直流扰动下的励磁特性。然后,针对变压器遭受直流扰动时励磁饱和特性与关键励磁参数的关联,利用电磁耦合模型进行仿真研究,并总结其励磁参数的变化特性;由220 V三相变压器交直流混杂动模实验平台获取端口量测信息,利用时域差分原理辨识关键励磁参数,从而建立励磁参数与励磁饱和特性的对应关系,并将仿真结果与实验数据进行对比,验证该方法的正确性和有效性。最后,通过现场10 kV变压器试验分析其遭受直流扰动时的励磁特性。结果表明:当直流扰动水平ε超过一定限值(ε≥2.0)时,可能会导致变压器出现较为严重的偏磁失稳问题,高电压等级电力变压器应当具备一定的抗直流扰动能力,从而为进一步研究变压器直流扰动抑制措施与保护策略提供思路。
In order to solve the biasing saturation problem of power transformer with Y/Δ wired under DC disturbance,the excitation parameters and variation characteristics of DC disturbance transformer are studied by combining a model simulation and experimental verification. Firstly, the excitation inductance and current are used as the key excitation parameters to characterize the single/three-phase transformer excitation characteristics under DC disturbance. Secondly, the intrinsic relationship between the key excitation parameters and excitation saturation characteristics is simulated based on the electromagnetic coupling principle when the transformer suffers from DC disturbance. Moreover, an AC/DC hybrid experiment platform of 220 V three-phase transformer is built, and the excitation parameters are identified by port measurement information and time domain difference principle. The relationship between the excitation parameters and excitation saturation characteristics is built. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the DC disturbance excitation characteristics are further analyzed by field 10 kV transformer tests. The results show that when the DC disturbance ε exceeds a certain limit(ε≥2.0),it may lead to more serious biasing instability problem. High-voltage level power transformers should have the capacity to withstand DC disturbance. The conclusion will provide some ideas for the further study of DC disturbance suppression measures and protection strategies.
In order to solve the biasing saturation problem of power transformer with Y/Δ wired under DC disturbance,the excitation parameters and variation characteristics of DC disturbance transformer are studied by combining a model simulation and experimental verification. Firstly, the excitation inductance and current are used as the key excitation parameters to characterize the single/three-phase transformer excitation characteristics under DC disturbance. Secondly, the intrinsic relationship between the key excitation parameters and excitation saturation characteristics is simulated based on the electromagnetic coupling principle when the transformer suffers from DC disturbance. Moreover, an AC/DC hybrid experiment platform of 220 V three-phase transformer is built, and the excitation parameters are identified by port measurement information and time domain difference principle. The relationship between the excitation parameters and excitation saturation characteristics is built. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the DC disturbance excitation characteristics are further analyzed by field 10 kV transformer tests. The results show that when the DC disturbance ε exceeds a certain limit(ε≥2.0),it may lead to more serious biasing instability problem. High-voltage level power transformers should have the capacity to withstand DC disturbance. The conclusion will provide some ideas for the further study of DC disturbance suppression measures and protection strategies.
引文
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[13]焦在滨,马涛,屈亚军,等.基于励磁电感参数识别的快速变压器保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1658-1666.JIAO Zaibin,MA Tao,QU Yajun,et al.A novel excitation inductance-based power transformer protection scheme[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1658-1666.
[14]邓祥力,高亮,刘建峰,等.特高压变压器模型漏感参数的稳态识别方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):254-260.DENG Xiangli,GAO Liang,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Steady-State parameter identification of UHV transformer model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):254-260.
[15]索南加乐,焦在滨,宋国兵,等.一种适用于Y/接线变压器的励磁电感计算方法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(9):32-36,67.SUONAN Jiale,JIAO Zaibin,SONG Guobing,et al.An algorithm to calculate the excitation inductance of power transformer with Y-Delta connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(9):32-36,67.
[16]潘超,孟涛,王梦纯,等.交直流混合模式下变压器动态电感参数辨识方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6315-6321.PAN Chao,MENG Tao,WANG Mengchun,et al.Identification of dynamic inductance for transformer under AC-DC hybrid mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6315-6321.
[17]潘超,何雯婷,郝文波,等.一种变压器时域场路耦合计算的自适应算法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(12):113-119.PAN Chao,HE Wenting,HAO Wenbo,et al.A self-adaptive algorithm of time-domain magnetic field and electric circuit coupled computation for transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(12):113-119.
[18]全江涛,童歆,文习山,等.复杂运行工况下变压器直流偏磁的抑制[J].高电压技术,2015,41(7):2464-2472.QUAN Jiangtao,TONG Xin,WEN Xishan,et al.Mitigation of transformer DC bias in complicated operation conditions[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(7):2464-2472.
[19]翁汉琍,杨国稳,相艳会,等.变压器饱和对交流电网直流电流分布的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3295-3300.WENG Hanli,YANG Guowen,XIANG Yanhui,et al.Effect of transformer saturation on the DC distribution of AC power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3295-3300.
[20]阮江军,徐闻婕,丁志锋,等.基于场路直接耦合模型的交流电网直流偏磁电流分布研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1333-1340.RUAN Jiangjun,XU Wenjie,DING Zhifeng,et al.Study of DC-bias current distribution in AC power system based on direct field-circuit coupled model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1333-1340.
[2]刘春明,黄彩臣,潘明明,等.抑制变压器直流偏磁的电容隔直装置优化配置[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2308-2314.LIU Chunming,HUANG Caichen,PAN Mingming,et al.Optimal configuration of capacitor blocking devices for suppressing DC bias in transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(7):2308-2314.
[3]BAODONG B,ZHIWEI C,DEZHI C.DC bias elimination and integrated magnetic technology in power transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[4]陈国栋,宋晋峰,张亮,等.动态电压恢复器注入变压器的直流偏磁抑制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):138-143.CHEN Guodong,SONG Jinfeng,ZHANG Liang,et al.Control strategy for eliminating DC magnetic flux in the injection transformer of a dynamic voltage restorer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):138-143.
[5]刘春明,王璇,刘连光,等.考虑海岸效应影响的电网地磁感应电流的计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(22):6059-6066.LIU Chunming,WANG Xuan,LIU Lianguang,et al.Calculation method of geomagnetically induced currents in the power grid considering the influence of the coast effect[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(22):6059-6066.
[6]邹国平,姚晖,何文林,等.溪洛渡-浙西±800 kV特高压直流输电工程受端电网直流偏磁治理[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):543-550.ZOU Guoping,YAO Hui,HE Wenlin,et al.DC bias suppression of receiving-end power grid in±800 k V Xiluodu-Zhexi UHVDC project[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):543-550.
[7]陈志伟,白保东,陈德志,等.电力变压器直流偏磁现象形成机理及一种抑制措施的研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):208-214.CHEN Zhiwei,BAI Baodong,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Research on the formation mechanism and suppression method of transformer DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):208-214.
[8]孙建涛,李金忠,张书琦,等.单相单柱旁轭变压器直流偏磁运行性能测试与分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):2041-2046.SUN Jiantao,LI Jinzhong,ZHANG Shuqi,et al.Test and analysis on operating performance of transformer with single-phase three-limb core under DC bias[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):2041-2046.
[9]张露,阮羚,潘卓洪,等.变压器直流偏磁抑制设备的应用分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(9):151-156.ZHANG Lu,RUAN Ling,PAN Zhuohong,et al.Evaluation of DCbias restraint equipment application[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(9):151-156.
[10]索南加乐,张健康,张军民,等.交直流混联系统对变压器保护性能的影响及解决措施[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(3):101-106.SUONAN Jiale,ZHANG Kangjian,ZHANG Junmin,et al.The adverse impacts on transformer protection performance by hybrid AC-DC transmission grid system and counter-measures[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(3):101-106.
[11]林湘宁,杨国稳,翁汉琍,等.直流偏磁下变压器无功消耗增多对系统电压的影响分析[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):272-278.LIN Xiangning,YANG Guowen,WENG Hanli,et al.Analysis of system voltage impact by transformer reactive power consumption increased under DC bias[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):272-278.
[12]王增平,马静.基于等效瞬时漏感与回路方程的变压器保护原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(19):39-44.WANG Zengping,MA Jing.A novel principle of transformer protection based on equivalent instantaneous leakage inductance and loop equation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(19):39-44.
[13]焦在滨,马涛,屈亚军,等.基于励磁电感参数识别的快速变压器保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1658-1666.JIAO Zaibin,MA Tao,QU Yajun,et al.A novel excitation inductance-based power transformer protection scheme[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1658-1666.
[14]邓祥力,高亮,刘建峰,等.特高压变压器模型漏感参数的稳态识别方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):254-260.DENG Xiangli,GAO Liang,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Steady-State parameter identification of UHV transformer model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):254-260.
[15]索南加乐,焦在滨,宋国兵,等.一种适用于Y/接线变压器的励磁电感计算方法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(9):32-36,67.SUONAN Jiale,JIAO Zaibin,SONG Guobing,et al.An algorithm to calculate the excitation inductance of power transformer with Y-Delta connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(9):32-36,67.
[16]潘超,孟涛,王梦纯,等.交直流混合模式下变压器动态电感参数辨识方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6315-6321.PAN Chao,MENG Tao,WANG Mengchun,et al.Identification of dynamic inductance for transformer under AC-DC hybrid mode[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6315-6321.
[17]潘超,何雯婷,郝文波,等.一种变压器时域场路耦合计算的自适应算法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(12):113-119.PAN Chao,HE Wenting,HAO Wenbo,et al.A self-adaptive algorithm of time-domain magnetic field and electric circuit coupled computation for transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(12):113-119.
[18]全江涛,童歆,文习山,等.复杂运行工况下变压器直流偏磁的抑制[J].高电压技术,2015,41(7):2464-2472.QUAN Jiangtao,TONG Xin,WEN Xishan,et al.Mitigation of transformer DC bias in complicated operation conditions[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(7):2464-2472.
[19]翁汉琍,杨国稳,相艳会,等.变压器饱和对交流电网直流电流分布的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3295-3300.WENG Hanli,YANG Guowen,XIANG Yanhui,et al.Effect of transformer saturation on the DC distribution of AC power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3295-3300.
[20]阮江军,徐闻婕,丁志锋,等.基于场路直接耦合模型的交流电网直流偏磁电流分布研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1333-1340.RUAN Jiangjun,XU Wenjie,DING Zhifeng,et al.Study of DC-bias current distribution in AC power system based on direct field-circuit coupled model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1333-1340.