低剂量率γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎脑部发育形态学的影响
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摘要
为研究低剂量率γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎脑部发育形态学的影响,采用~(137)Cs作为γ辐射源对受精后2 h(2hpf)的斑马鱼胚胎进行不同剂量率的照射(剂量率为250、313、417μGy/h,累计剂量为30 m Gy),分析了不同剂量率下γ射线辐照对斑马鱼脑部细胞凋亡及其脑部发育形态、脑部细胞超微结构的影响。结果表明:在三个剂量率组中,只有250μGy/h剂量率组斑马鱼脑部细胞凋亡增加;各个剂量率组脑部组织均出现了空泡,部分脑部细胞变形,脑部细胞之间的界限变得模糊; 250和313μGy/h剂量率组脑部细胞细胞核发生变形,线粒体结构损伤,细胞质中出现了空泡。
This study aimed to investigate the effects of low dose rate γ-ray irradiation on the developmental morphology of brain in zebrafish embryos. Different dose rates( 250,313,417 μGy/h) of γ-ray from~(137) Cs radiation source were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at early development stage( 2 hours post-fertilization,2 hpf),and cumulative dose was 30 m Gy. The apoptosis of zebrafish brain cells,the brain morphological development and brain cell submicroscopic structure were analyzed at the dose rates,respectively.It was found that,among the three dose rate groups,the increase of apoptosis of zebrafish brain cells only happened in the 250 μGy/h dose rate group.Vacuoles and some brain cells,deformation occured and the boundaries between brain cells became blurred in brain tissues of each experimental group.In the 250 and 313 Gy/h dose rate groups,the changes in ultrastructure of brain cells were nuclei deformation,mitochondrial structural damage and vacuoles in the cytoplasm.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of low dose rate γ-ray irradiation on the developmental morphology of brain in zebrafish embryos. Different dose rates( 250,313,417 μGy/h) of γ-ray from~(137) Cs radiation source were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at early development stage( 2 hours post-fertilization,2 hpf),and cumulative dose was 30 m Gy. The apoptosis of zebrafish brain cells,the brain morphological development and brain cell submicroscopic structure were analyzed at the dose rates,respectively.It was found that,among the three dose rate groups,the increase of apoptosis of zebrafish brain cells only happened in the 250 μGy/h dose rate group.Vacuoles and some brain cells,deformation occured and the boundaries between brain cells became blurred in brain tissues of each experimental group.In the 250 and 313 Gy/h dose rate groups,the changes in ultrastructure of brain cells were nuclei deformation,mitochondrial structural damage and vacuoles in the cytoplasm.
引文
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[19]徐新萍,王惠,彭瑞云,等.微波连续辐射致大鼠脑功能和结构损伤的远后效应研究[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2016,21(3):314-324.
[20]刘换新,王炜,王德文,等.电磁辐射对离体培养的Raji细胞超微结构及其上清液中TNF-α的影响[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2013,18(3):302-308.
[2] OUJIFARD A,AMIRI R,SHAHHOSSEINI G,et al.Effect of gamma radiation on the growth,survival,hematology and histological parameters of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)larvae[J]. Aquatic toxicology,2015,165:259-265.
[3]SCOTT B R,DI P J.Sparsely ionizing diagnostic and natural background radiations are likely preventing cancer and other genomic-instability-associated diseases[J].Dose response,2006,5(3):230-255.
[4]FREEMAN J L,WEBER G J,PETERSON S M,et al.Embryonic ionizing radiation exposure results in expression alterations of genes associated with cardiovascular and neurological development,function,and disease and modified cardiovascular function in zebrafish[J].Frontiers in genetics,2014,5:268.
[5]SOCOL Y,DOBRZYNSKI L,DOSS M,et al.Commentary:ethical issues of current health-protection policies on lowdose ionizing radiation[J]. Dose-response:a publication of international hormesis society,2013,12(2):342.
[6] PRESTON R J,BOICE J D,BRILL A B,et al.Uncertainties in estimating health risks associated with exposure to ionising radiation[J]. Journal of radiological protection official journal of the society for radiological protection,2013,33(3):573-588.
[7] GRAUPNER A,EIDE D M,BREDE D A,et al.Genotoxic effects of high dose rate X-ray and low dose rate gamma radiation in Apc Min/+mice[J]. Environmental&molecular mutagenesis,2017,58(8):560-569.
[8]NG C Y,CHOI V W,LAM A C,et al.The multiple stressor effect in zebrafish embryos from simultaneous exposure to ionising radiation and cadmium[J]. Journal of radiological protection official journal of the society for radiological protection,2013,33(1):113-121.
[9]JARVIS R B,KNOWLES J F.DNA damage in zebrafish larvae induced by exposure to low-dose rateγ-radiation:detection by the alkaline comet assay[J]. Mutation research-fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis,2003,541(1):63-69.
[10]冯永富,胡南,丁德馨,等.γ电离辐射对斑马鱼胚胎肝、脾和肾发育形态学的影响[J].原子能科学技术,2017,51(10):1886-1892.
[11]SMOLL N R,BRADY Z,SCURRAH K,et al.Exposure to ionizing radiation and brain cancer incidence:the life span study cohort[J]. Cancer epidemiology,2016,42:60-65.
[12] MARAZZITI D,PICCINNI A,MUCCI F,et al.Ionizing radiation:brain effects and related neuropsychiatric manifestations[J].Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii,2016,21:64-90.
[13]ALESSIO N,ESPOSITO G,GALANO G,et al.Irradiation of mesenchymal stromal cells with low and high doses of alpha particles induces senescence and/or apoptosis[J]. Journal of cellular biochemistry,2017,118(9):2993-3002.
[14]OLSVIK P A.Effects of combined gamma-irradiation and metal(Al+Cd)exposures in atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L.)[J]. Journal of environmental radioactivity,2010,101(3):230-236.
[15] ZHAO W,HU N,DING D,et al.Developmental toxicity and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos induced by low-doseγ-ray irradiation[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2019,26(4):3869-3881.
[16]SIMON O,MASSARIN S,COPPIN F,et al.Investigating the embryo/larval toxic and genotoxic effects ofγirradiation on zebrafish eggs[J]. Journal of environmental radioactivity,2011,102(11):1039-1044.
[17]孙锐.低剂量全脑照射引起不同年龄大鼠认知功能损害的初步实验研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2012:11-15.
[18]安郁宽,徐艳岩.物理因素与出生缺陷[J].生物学通报,2013,48(12):17-20.
[19]徐新萍,王惠,彭瑞云,等.微波连续辐射致大鼠脑功能和结构损伤的远后效应研究[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2016,21(3):314-324.
[20]刘换新,王炜,王德文,等.电磁辐射对离体培养的Raji细胞超微结构及其上清液中TNF-α的影响[J].中国体视学与图像分析,2013,18(3):302-308.