非机动车安全研究国际最新进展
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摘要
非机动车是城市交通系统中的重要组成部分,如何减少非机动车事故、提升其安全性,成为了社会关注的重点问题。为解决非机动车安全研究中交通暴露数据难以获取的问题,学者们开始注重探索利用更丰富多元的数据开展分析。为从规划和管理层面指导安全改善、减少事故,宏观安全研究及针对事故类型的分析受到了学者的广泛关注。旨在减轻事故后果的事故严重程度研究也是热点之一。在非机动车项目与规范方面,学者们更加注重对已有的经验进行总结、评估和更新。本文从非机动车数据采集、事故影响因素分析、事故严重程度影响因素分析、非机动车项目与规范四方面,分类总结了近两年关于非机动车安全的最新研究进展,以期为未来开展非机动车研究和进行实际安全改善提供指导。
Non-motor vehicles are important participants in urban traffic. How to reduce non-motor vehicle crashes as well as improving their safety is a key issue of social concern. To address the lack of traffic exposure data in non-motor vehicle safety study, scholars begin to explore the use of more diverse data when conducting analysis. In order to guide safety improvement and to reduce crashes in the aspect of planning and management, macro-level safety research and crash type analysis have been given considerable attention. Crash severity analysis aiming at mitigating the impact of crashes is also a hot topic. In terms of projects and guides involving non-motor vehicles, scholars focus more on reviewing, evaluating and updating their existing experience. This paper summarizes the latest 2-year progress on non-motor vehicle safety in terms of data collection, factors affecting crashes and crash severity, projects and industrial guides, hopefully to provide advice for future research and practical application in the field of non-motor vehicle safety.
Non-motor vehicles are important participants in urban traffic. How to reduce non-motor vehicle crashes as well as improving their safety is a key issue of social concern. To address the lack of traffic exposure data in non-motor vehicle safety study, scholars begin to explore the use of more diverse data when conducting analysis. In order to guide safety improvement and to reduce crashes in the aspect of planning and management, macro-level safety research and crash type analysis have been given considerable attention. Crash severity analysis aiming at mitigating the impact of crashes is also a hot topic. In terms of projects and guides involving non-motor vehicles, scholars focus more on reviewing, evaluating and updating their existing experience. This paper summarizes the latest 2-year progress on non-motor vehicle safety in terms of data collection, factors affecting crashes and crash severity, projects and industrial guides, hopefully to provide advice for future research and practical application in the field of non-motor vehicle safety.
引文
[1]公安部交通管理局.中华人民共和国道路交通事故统计年报(2015年度)[R]无锡:公安部交通管理科学研究所,2016.
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[13]Greg P.Griffin,Steve Hankey,et al.Exploring Street Noise and Bicycle Safety:Initial Evidence from Austin,TX and the Washington,DCCapital Area[C]//Transportation Research Board98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[14]Dibakar Saha,Priyanka Alluri,et al.An Investigation into the Varying Effects of Factors Contributing to Injury Severity of Different Bicyclist Age Groups in Bicycle-Vehicle Crashes[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[15]Jun Liu,Asad J.Khattak,et al.Examining nonstationary correlates of bicyclist injury severity in traffic crashes:A spatial approach for geo-referenced crash data[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[16]Jun Liu,Steven Jones.Behavioral pathways in bicycle-motor vehicle crashes:From contributing factors,pre-crash actions,to injury severities[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[17]Peter B.Ohlms,Lance E.Dougald,Hannah E.MacKnight.Bicycle and Pedestrian Count Programs:A Scan of Current U.S.Practice[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[18]Erin Robartes,Emily Chen,et al.Assessment of Local,State,and Federal Barriers to Implementing Bicycle Infrastructure:A Virginia Case Study[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[19]Dave Amos,Roger Lindgren,et al.Rethinking Streets for People on Bikes:An Evidence-Based,Visual Guide of Completed Street Retrofits[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[2]Scott Kelley,Chrissy Klenke,et al.An Assessment of Bicycle Commuting Activity Using Strava and Implications for Developing Infrastructure[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[3]Moatz Saad,Mohamed Abdel-Aty,Jaeyoung Lee,Qing Cai.Bicycle Safety Analysis at Intersections Using Crowdsourced Data[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[4]Calvin Thigpen,Trisalyn Nelson,et al.The Impact of Near Misses and Collisions on Bicyclist Behavior[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[5]Julie Bond,Erin Scheffels,et al.Framing the Bicyclist:A Qualitative Study of Media Discourse about Fatal Bicycle Crashes[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[6]Sarah Doggett,David R.Ragland,Grace Felschundneff.Evaluating Research on Data Linkage to Assess Underreporting of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Injury in Police Crash Data[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[7]Md Sharikur Rahman,Mohamed Abdel-Aty,et al.Applying Data Mining Techniques to Analyze the Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes at the Macroscopic Level[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[8]Omar Abou Kasm,Ziyi Ma,Joseph Y.J.Chow,Ali Diabat.Quantifying the Effect of Cyclist Behavior on Bicycle Crashes and Fatalities[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[9]Dibakar Saha,Priyanka Alluri,Albert Gan,et al.Spatial Analysis of Macro-Level Bicycle Crashes Using the Class of Conditional Autoregressive Models[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,2018:S000145751830071X.
[10]Libby Thomas,Krista Nordback,et al.Bicyclist Crash Types on National,State and Local Levels:ANew Look[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[11]Timothy J.Wright,Richard D.Blomberg,et al.Re-Examination of Bicycle/Motor Vehicle Crash Typologies[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[12]Hunter,W.W.,J.C.Stutts,W.E.Pein,and C.L.Cox.Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Types of the Early1990’s.Report FHWA-RD-95-163.FHWA,Department of Transportation,1995.
[13]Greg P.Griffin,Steve Hankey,et al.Exploring Street Noise and Bicycle Safety:Initial Evidence from Austin,TX and the Washington,DCCapital Area[C]//Transportation Research Board98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[14]Dibakar Saha,Priyanka Alluri,et al.An Investigation into the Varying Effects of Factors Contributing to Injury Severity of Different Bicyclist Age Groups in Bicycle-Vehicle Crashes[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[15]Jun Liu,Asad J.Khattak,et al.Examining nonstationary correlates of bicyclist injury severity in traffic crashes:A spatial approach for geo-referenced crash data[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[16]Jun Liu,Steven Jones.Behavioral pathways in bicycle-motor vehicle crashes:From contributing factors,pre-crash actions,to injury severities[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[17]Peter B.Ohlms,Lance E.Dougald,Hannah E.MacKnight.Bicycle and Pedestrian Count Programs:A Scan of Current U.S.Practice[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[18]Erin Robartes,Emily Chen,et al.Assessment of Local,State,and Federal Barriers to Implementing Bicycle Infrastructure:A Virginia Case Study[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.
[19]Dave Amos,Roger Lindgren,et al.Rethinking Streets for People on Bikes:An Evidence-Based,Visual Guide of Completed Street Retrofits[C]//Transportation Research Board 98th Annual Meeting.2019.