钩藤生物碱的组织化学定位研究
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摘要
利用石蜡切片、组织化学定位及生物碱含量测定技术,研究了钩藤营养器官的组织结构、总生物碱分布及含量。结果表明,钩藤根的次生结构发达,韧皮射线呈明显的喇叭口状;茎中维管射线排列整齐;叶片叶肉细胞分化为栅栏组织和海绵组织,叶脉次生结构不发达;钩是由枝变态发育而来,解剖结构与茎相同。钩藤生物碱的组织化学定位显示,钩藤全株均有生物碱分布,根中主要分布在次生韧皮部及次生木质部,茎和钩中主要分布在韧皮部和木质部及皮层薄壁细胞,叶中主要分布在韧皮部和木质部及叶肉细胞。钩藤生物碱含量以茎最高,根、叶片及钩次之。钩藤营养器官总生物碱的组织化学定位研究,可为该资源的充分开发利用总生物碱奠定理论和技术基础。
The structure of vegetative organs of Uncaria rhynchophylla,as well as total alkaloid content and distribution,were studied by paraffin sectioning,histochemical localization,and alkaloid content determination technique. The results showed that the secondary structure of U. rhynchophylla was well developed,and the phloem rays were obviously trumpet-like. The vascular ray in the stem was neatly arranged. The mesophyll cells of the leaves were differentiated into palisade tissue and sponge tissue,and the secondary veins were underdeveloped. The hook was metamorphosed from the branch and had the same anatomy as the stem. The histochemical localization of U. rhynchophylla alkaloids showed that alkaloids were distributed in the whole plant,and in the root,it was mainly distributed in the secondary phloem and secondary xylem. The alkaloids were distributed in the phloem,xylem and cortical parenchyma cells in the stems and hooks,while distributed in phloem,xylem and mesophyll cells in the leaves. The alkaloid content of U. rhynchophylla was the highest in stems,followed by roots,leaves and hooks. The histochemical localization of total alkaloids in the vegetative organs of U. rhynchophylla may lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the full development and utilization of this resource.
The structure of vegetative organs of Uncaria rhynchophylla,as well as total alkaloid content and distribution,were studied by paraffin sectioning,histochemical localization,and alkaloid content determination technique. The results showed that the secondary structure of U. rhynchophylla was well developed,and the phloem rays were obviously trumpet-like. The vascular ray in the stem was neatly arranged. The mesophyll cells of the leaves were differentiated into palisade tissue and sponge tissue,and the secondary veins were underdeveloped. The hook was metamorphosed from the branch and had the same anatomy as the stem. The histochemical localization of U. rhynchophylla alkaloids showed that alkaloids were distributed in the whole plant,and in the root,it was mainly distributed in the secondary phloem and secondary xylem. The alkaloids were distributed in the phloem,xylem and cortical parenchyma cells in the stems and hooks,while distributed in phloem,xylem and mesophyll cells in the leaves. The alkaloid content of U. rhynchophylla was the highest in stems,followed by roots,leaves and hooks. The histochemical localization of total alkaloids in the vegetative organs of U. rhynchophylla may lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the full development and utilization of this resource.
引文
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[12] 包英华,白音,陈珺霞.金钗石斛生物碱的组织化学定位研究[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):199-202.
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[15] 阮俊,黄永林.广西钩藤属植物中总生物碱含量变化研究[J].广西植物.2004,(2):158-160.
[16] 罗晓铮,代丽萍,刘孟奇,等.菘蓝叶和根的解剖及生物碱的组织化学定位研究[J].河南农业科学,2016,(10):119-122.
[17] 李玉萍,龙绛雪,曹福祥,等.蛇根木根部生物碱积累的组织化学定位研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,(9):157- 161.
[18] 闫晋晋,慕小倩,崔宏安,等.乌头营养器官中生物碱组织化学与积累动态研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):85-89.
[19] I T Baldwin,E A Schmelz,T E Ohnmeiss.Wound-induced changes in root and shoot jasmonic acid pools correlate with induced nicotine synthesis in Nicotiana sylvestris spegazzini and comes[J].Journal of chemical ecology,1994,20(8):2139-57.
[20] Wink M,Roberts M F.Compartmentation of alkaloid synthesis,transport and storage.Alkaloids:Biochemistry,Ecology and Medicinal Applications[M].New York and London:Plenum Press,1998.
[21] 黄瑞松,张鹏,覃冬杰,等.钩藤植物不同药用部位中钩藤碱的含量分析[J].华西药学杂志,2013,(2):183-185.
[22] 黄永林,阮俊,沈晓琳,等.大孔吸附树脂分离提取大叶钩藤总生物碱[J].广西科学,2006,(2):127-129.
[2] 严愉妙.广东钩藤属植物的活性成分含量测定及其药理作用的研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2012.
[3] 王义祥,侍媛媛,解双陆,等.钩藤吲哚类生物碱分析方法研究进展[J].药学进展,2013,(6):257-264.
[4] 汪运.华钩藤叶生物碱提取分离及降压活性研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[5] 张明生.贵州主要中药材规范化种植技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[6] 罗鸣,宋智琴,杨平飞,等.钩藤3种不同育苗方式对比试验[J].农技服务,2016,(11):104-105.
[7] Hou Jin-Jun,Feng Rui Hong,Zhang Yi-Bei,et al.Characteristic Chromatogram:A Method of Discriminate and Quantitative Analysis for Quality Evaluation of Uncaria Stem with Hooks [J].P Medica,2018,84(06/07):449-456.
[8] 季晓娟,刘杰,赵泳波.钩藤茎枝不同药用部位总生物碱的含量分析[J].临床合理用药杂志,2018,11(7):50-51.
[9] Yang Yang,Ji Wei-Gang,Zhu Zhi-Ru,et al.Rhynchophylline suppresses soluble Aβ 1-42 -induced impairment of spatial cognition function via inhibiting excessive activation of extrasynaptic NR2B-containing NMDA receptors [J].Neuropharmacology,2018,135:100-112.
[10] Li Chao,Jiang Feng,Li Yun-Lun,et al.Rhynchophylla total alkaloid rescues autophagy,decreases oxidative stress and improves endothelial vasodilation in spontaneous hypertensive rats [J].ACTA Pharmacologica Sinica,2018,39(3):345-356.
[11] 杨吉刚,高凯悦,吉志超,等.杠板归营养器官的解剖结构[J].山地农业生物学报,2015,34(2):40-42.
[12] 包英华,白音,陈珺霞.金钗石斛生物碱的组织化学定位研究[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):199-202.
[13] 曾常青,罗北亮.酸性染料比色法测定钩藤的总生物碱含量[J].中药材,2007,30(8):1021-1024.
[14] 彭斯文,张明生,王玉芳.杜鹃兰生物碱组织化学定位初步研究[J].世界科学技术(中医药现代化),2009,(5):728-730.
[15] 阮俊,黄永林.广西钩藤属植物中总生物碱含量变化研究[J].广西植物.2004,(2):158-160.
[16] 罗晓铮,代丽萍,刘孟奇,等.菘蓝叶和根的解剖及生物碱的组织化学定位研究[J].河南农业科学,2016,(10):119-122.
[17] 李玉萍,龙绛雪,曹福祥,等.蛇根木根部生物碱积累的组织化学定位研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,(9):157- 161.
[18] 闫晋晋,慕小倩,崔宏安,等.乌头营养器官中生物碱组织化学与积累动态研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):85-89.
[19] I T Baldwin,E A Schmelz,T E Ohnmeiss.Wound-induced changes in root and shoot jasmonic acid pools correlate with induced nicotine synthesis in Nicotiana sylvestris spegazzini and comes[J].Journal of chemical ecology,1994,20(8):2139-57.
[20] Wink M,Roberts M F.Compartmentation of alkaloid synthesis,transport and storage.Alkaloids:Biochemistry,Ecology and Medicinal Applications[M].New York and London:Plenum Press,1998.
[21] 黄瑞松,张鹏,覃冬杰,等.钩藤植物不同药用部位中钩藤碱的含量分析[J].华西药学杂志,2013,(2):183-185.
[22] 黄永林,阮俊,沈晓琳,等.大孔吸附树脂分离提取大叶钩藤总生物碱[J].广西科学,2006,(2):127-129.