黄芪及其经方的临床应用研究进展
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摘要
目的:黄芪是一味临床中十分常见的传统中药材,主要化学成分为多糖类、黄酮类、皂苷类、氨基酸类及少量微量元素,主要功效是补气健脾、升阳举陷、益卫固表、利尿消肿、托毒生肌,其组方、验方临床用于许多疾病的治疗,且效果显著。本文旨在归纳和总结黄芪及经方的临床应用和研究进展,为其广泛应用和深入研究提供依据。
Astragalus membranaceus is a very common traditional Chinese medicine, and the main chemical constituents of which are polysaccharides, flavonoids, saponins, amino acids and a small amount of trace elements. The main effects are invigorating qi and invigorating the spleen, raising yang and lifting prolapsed zang-fu organs, benefiting the health and solidifying the surface, diuresis and detumescence, and expelling toxin and promoting tissue regeneration. Its formula and prescription are clinically used for the treatment of many diseases with significant effects. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the clinical application and research progress of Astragalus membranaceus and its classics formula, so as to provide the basis for its wide application and in-depth study.
Astragalus membranaceus is a very common traditional Chinese medicine, and the main chemical constituents of which are polysaccharides, flavonoids, saponins, amino acids and a small amount of trace elements. The main effects are invigorating qi and invigorating the spleen, raising yang and lifting prolapsed zang-fu organs, benefiting the health and solidifying the surface, diuresis and detumescence, and expelling toxin and promoting tissue regeneration. Its formula and prescription are clinically used for the treatment of many diseases with significant effects. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the clinical application and research progress of Astragalus membranaceus and its classics formula, so as to provide the basis for its wide application and in-depth study.
引文
[1] Feng CX.Pharmacological Research of Main Chemical Constituents in Astragalus Membranaceus [J].Chin J Etho Med Ethnopharm(中国民族民间医药),2011,(3):31-32.
[2] Liu Yang,Faping Xing,Xinyan Han,et al.Astragaloside IV regulates differentiation and induces apoptosis of activated CD4 + T cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2019,362,105-115.
[3] Li SM,Li PC.Research progress on bidirectional regulation of blood pressure by Astragalus membranaceus and its preparations [J].J Med Sci Yanbian Univ(延边大学医学学报),2010,33 (2) :152-154
[4] Chang Q,Li Y.Effect of Huangqi Fuzheng Decoction on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Thyroid [J].Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊),2018,36(03):691-693.
[5] Cheng XP,Su Y,Yan CL,et al.Protective Effect of Astragalus-Lily Granules on Brain Tissue of Hypoxic Mice Under Normal Pressure[J].Pharmaceutical J Chinese People's Liberation Army(解放军药学学报),2017,33(05):425-427+431.
[6] Wang JB,Wang ZJ,An RZ,et al.Effects of Eucommia ulmoides and Astragalus membranaceus on osteoporosis in ovariectomized female rats [J].Shandong Med J(山东医药),2017,57(48):31-34.
[7] Cui H,Jia WB,Yang Q,et al.The Anti-oxidative Effect of Astragalus Membranaceus on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis [J].J Int Obst Gynecol(国际妇产科学杂志),2015,42(05):504-507.
[8] Ou YG,Wang DY,Li XM,et al.Effect of Acupoint Injection of Astragalus Injection on Bone Mineral Density in Primary Osteoporosis [J].Tianjin J Tradit Chin Med(天津中医药),2002,19(5):18-20.
[9] Nie JY,Liu YJ,Lei DQ,et al.Study on the Contents of Total Flavonoids in Radix Astragali from Different Sources and Its in vitro[J].J Gannan Med Univ(赣南医学院学报),2018,38(06):534-537+585.
[10] Feng CQ,Liu YQ,Zhang LY,et al.Protective effects of Astragalus immortal prescription against liver oxidative stress in irradiated [J].Med J Chinese People's Liberation Army(解放军医学杂志),2017,42(12):1061-1065.
[11] Fu XY,Lei SS,Li XY.Explore the Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus Particles in Aging Rats with Cognitive Impairment[J].J Chin Med Mater(中药材),2017,40(5):1184-1189.
[12] Shi TL,Wang NF,Wang CB.Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Combined with Budesonide Formoterol on Cough Variant Asthma in Children [J].Chin J Rural Med Pharm(中国乡村医药),2018,25(14):28-29.
[13] Zhang H,Zhou Y,Li HP,et al.Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus Combined with Irbesartan on Hypertensive Nephropathy [J].Modern J Integr Tradit Chin Western Med(现代中西医结合杂志),2015,24(2):158-160.
[14] Cheng XM.25 Cases of Primary Hypotension Treated with Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction [J].J Pract Tradit Chin Med (实用中医药杂志),2002,18(22):5.
[15] Wang JY,Zheng X.Clinical observation of drinking for Angelica and Astragalus on refractory hypertension[J].Hebei J Tradit Chin Med(河北中医),2013,35(6) :817-819.
[16] Wu GX,Li QH.Experience of Li Qinghai by Use Huangqi in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension[J].Acta Chin Med(中医学报),2015,30(2):213-215.
[17] Jiang Y,Xiao YL,Wu CY,et al.Community Follow - up Observation of Huangqi Granule in Treating Hypertensive Patients [J].Chin Med Modern Distance Education China(中国中医药现代远程教育),2014,12(12):153-155.
[18] Xiao YL,Jiang Y,Wu CY,et al.A Multicenter Study on Huangqi Granule in Treating Hypertension Patients with Qi Deficiency Constitution [J].Chin J Control Endemic Dis(中国地方病防治杂志),2014,29(S2):16-17.
[19] Chen X,Wang D D,Wei T,et al.Effects of astragalosidesfrom Radix Astragali on high glucose-inducedproliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells [J].Exp Therap Med,2016,11(6):2561-2566.
[20] Lin L,Gulibiya KHM,Luo XH.Effect of Astragalus in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura and Renal Damage Prevention[J].Med Recapitulate(医学综述),2017,23(03):573-576.
[21] Nie JT.Efficacy of fangji huangqi decoction in treatment of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in ede[J].J Clin MedPract(实用临床医药杂志),2017,21(1):48-51.
[22] Zhang Y,Lei TX.Effect of Huangqi Yishen Granule on Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy[J].Guiding J Tradit Chin Med Pharm(中医药导报),2018,24(10):77-79
[23] Dong P,An L.Clinical observation of Shenqi Dihuang decoctionon 35 cases of early diabetic nephropathy[J].Tianjin J Tradit Chin Med(天津中医药),2017,34(4):239-241.
[24] Huang XZ,Zhang DW,Fan YP,et al.Effect of Astragalus Injection Combined with Irbesartan on Early Renal Damage in Hypertension [J].Shaanxi Med J(陕西医学杂志),2011,40 (12) :1663-1664.
[25] Yu JG,Li P,Yang L.Clinical efficacy of astragalus combined with irbesartan in treating hypertensive renal damage and its influence on urine protein level and renal function [J].J Bethune Med Sci(白求恩医学杂志),2015,13(04):363-364.
[26] Ge LL.Clinical Observation of Astragalus Membranaceus in Adjuvant Treatment of Hypertensive Nephropathy [J].Nei Mongol J Tradit Chin Med(内蒙古中医药),2016,10:46-47.
[27] Li XR,Li W,Si QTN.Clinical Observation of Huangqi Yishen Granule in Treating Chronic Renal Failure [J].Guiding J Tradit Chin Med Pharm(中医药导报),2017,23(23):110-112.
[28] Luo ZM,Ding XS.Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease(缺血性脑血管病学)[M] .Beijing:People's Health Press,2011:32.
[29] Li KW,Song YY,Wu YH,et al.Clinical Study on the Myocardial Protection of Astragalus on Ischemia-Reperfusion in Children[J].Med Innovat China(中国医学创新),2018 ,15(12),66-68.
[30] Jing GX,Wang XY.Protective Effect of Astragalus Preconditioning on Mitochondria of Ischemia - Reperfusion Myocardium [J] J ClinAnesthesiol临床麻醉学杂志),2009 25(1 ):61-63.
[31] Cao HJ,Zhang CM,Sun YH.Protect Effect of Radix Injection Fluid on Stress Ulcer in Rats[J].J Clin Emerg (临床急诊杂志),2017,9 (3) :161-163.
[32] Wang Q,Wang MX,Wang J.Effects of Astragali Polysaccharides on Levelsof Calcium ion and exeit atory amino acids for rats with Hypoxia-ischemia Cerebral Damage [J].Chin J New Drugs ( 中国新药杂志),2006,15 (12):975-977.
[2] Liu Yang,Faping Xing,Xinyan Han,et al.Astragaloside IV regulates differentiation and induces apoptosis of activated CD4 + T cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2019,362,105-115.
[3] Li SM,Li PC.Research progress on bidirectional regulation of blood pressure by Astragalus membranaceus and its preparations [J].J Med Sci Yanbian Univ(延边大学医学学报),2010,33 (2) :152-154
[4] Chang Q,Li Y.Effect of Huangqi Fuzheng Decoction on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Thyroid [J].Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊),2018,36(03):691-693.
[5] Cheng XP,Su Y,Yan CL,et al.Protective Effect of Astragalus-Lily Granules on Brain Tissue of Hypoxic Mice Under Normal Pressure[J].Pharmaceutical J Chinese People's Liberation Army(解放军药学学报),2017,33(05):425-427+431.
[6] Wang JB,Wang ZJ,An RZ,et al.Effects of Eucommia ulmoides and Astragalus membranaceus on osteoporosis in ovariectomized female rats [J].Shandong Med J(山东医药),2017,57(48):31-34.
[7] Cui H,Jia WB,Yang Q,et al.The Anti-oxidative Effect of Astragalus Membranaceus on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis [J].J Int Obst Gynecol(国际妇产科学杂志),2015,42(05):504-507.
[8] Ou YG,Wang DY,Li XM,et al.Effect of Acupoint Injection of Astragalus Injection on Bone Mineral Density in Primary Osteoporosis [J].Tianjin J Tradit Chin Med(天津中医药),2002,19(5):18-20.
[9] Nie JY,Liu YJ,Lei DQ,et al.Study on the Contents of Total Flavonoids in Radix Astragali from Different Sources and Its in vitro[J].J Gannan Med Univ(赣南医学院学报),2018,38(06):534-537+585.
[10] Feng CQ,Liu YQ,Zhang LY,et al.Protective effects of Astragalus immortal prescription against liver oxidative stress in irradiated [J].Med J Chinese People's Liberation Army(解放军医学杂志),2017,42(12):1061-1065.
[11] Fu XY,Lei SS,Li XY.Explore the Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus Particles in Aging Rats with Cognitive Impairment[J].J Chin Med Mater(中药材),2017,40(5):1184-1189.
[12] Shi TL,Wang NF,Wang CB.Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Combined with Budesonide Formoterol on Cough Variant Asthma in Children [J].Chin J Rural Med Pharm(中国乡村医药),2018,25(14):28-29.
[13] Zhang H,Zhou Y,Li HP,et al.Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus Combined with Irbesartan on Hypertensive Nephropathy [J].Modern J Integr Tradit Chin Western Med(现代中西医结合杂志),2015,24(2):158-160.
[14] Cheng XM.25 Cases of Primary Hypotension Treated with Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction [J].J Pract Tradit Chin Med (实用中医药杂志),2002,18(22):5.
[15] Wang JY,Zheng X.Clinical observation of drinking for Angelica and Astragalus on refractory hypertension[J].Hebei J Tradit Chin Med(河北中医),2013,35(6) :817-819.
[16] Wu GX,Li QH.Experience of Li Qinghai by Use Huangqi in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension[J].Acta Chin Med(中医学报),2015,30(2):213-215.
[17] Jiang Y,Xiao YL,Wu CY,et al.Community Follow - up Observation of Huangqi Granule in Treating Hypertensive Patients [J].Chin Med Modern Distance Education China(中国中医药现代远程教育),2014,12(12):153-155.
[18] Xiao YL,Jiang Y,Wu CY,et al.A Multicenter Study on Huangqi Granule in Treating Hypertension Patients with Qi Deficiency Constitution [J].Chin J Control Endemic Dis(中国地方病防治杂志),2014,29(S2):16-17.
[19] Chen X,Wang D D,Wei T,et al.Effects of astragalosidesfrom Radix Astragali on high glucose-inducedproliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells [J].Exp Therap Med,2016,11(6):2561-2566.
[20] Lin L,Gulibiya KHM,Luo XH.Effect of Astragalus in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura and Renal Damage Prevention[J].Med Recapitulate(医学综述),2017,23(03):573-576.
[21] Nie JT.Efficacy of fangji huangqi decoction in treatment of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in ede[J].J Clin MedPract(实用临床医药杂志),2017,21(1):48-51.
[22] Zhang Y,Lei TX.Effect of Huangqi Yishen Granule on Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy[J].Guiding J Tradit Chin Med Pharm(中医药导报),2018,24(10):77-79
[23] Dong P,An L.Clinical observation of Shenqi Dihuang decoctionon 35 cases of early diabetic nephropathy[J].Tianjin J Tradit Chin Med(天津中医药),2017,34(4):239-241.
[24] Huang XZ,Zhang DW,Fan YP,et al.Effect of Astragalus Injection Combined with Irbesartan on Early Renal Damage in Hypertension [J].Shaanxi Med J(陕西医学杂志),2011,40 (12) :1663-1664.
[25] Yu JG,Li P,Yang L.Clinical efficacy of astragalus combined with irbesartan in treating hypertensive renal damage and its influence on urine protein level and renal function [J].J Bethune Med Sci(白求恩医学杂志),2015,13(04):363-364.
[26] Ge LL.Clinical Observation of Astragalus Membranaceus in Adjuvant Treatment of Hypertensive Nephropathy [J].Nei Mongol J Tradit Chin Med(内蒙古中医药),2016,10:46-47.
[27] Li XR,Li W,Si QTN.Clinical Observation of Huangqi Yishen Granule in Treating Chronic Renal Failure [J].Guiding J Tradit Chin Med Pharm(中医药导报),2017,23(23):110-112.
[28] Luo ZM,Ding XS.Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease(缺血性脑血管病学)[M] .Beijing:People's Health Press,2011:32.
[29] Li KW,Song YY,Wu YH,et al.Clinical Study on the Myocardial Protection of Astragalus on Ischemia-Reperfusion in Children[J].Med Innovat China(中国医学创新),2018 ,15(12),66-68.
[30] Jing GX,Wang XY.Protective Effect of Astragalus Preconditioning on Mitochondria of Ischemia - Reperfusion Myocardium [J] J ClinAnesthesiol临床麻醉学杂志),2009 25(1 ):61-63.
[31] Cao HJ,Zhang CM,Sun YH.Protect Effect of Radix Injection Fluid on Stress Ulcer in Rats[J].J Clin Emerg (临床急诊杂志),2017,9 (3) :161-163.
[32] Wang Q,Wang MX,Wang J.Effects of Astragali Polysaccharides on Levelsof Calcium ion and exeit atory amino acids for rats with Hypoxia-ischemia Cerebral Damage [J].Chin J New Drugs ( 中国新药杂志),2006,15 (12):975-977.