野大豆茎叶水浸液对4种牧草的化感效应探究
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摘要
为探究野大豆(Glycine soja)与其它草本植物混生区会逐渐演变为以野大豆为单一优势种草地的机理,该研究采用培养皿滤纸发芽法,以野大豆为供体植物,黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、狼尾草(Pennisetum)、野大豆和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为受体植物,研究野大豆茎叶水浸液对这4种牧草种子萌发、幼苗生长和叶绿素含量的影响。野大豆水浸液对4种牧草的种子发芽率、幼苗株高和根长、干物质总量、叶绿素a含量和叶绿素a、b总量均具有抑制作用,对黑麦草、野大豆和紫花苜蓿的叶绿素b含量也均有显著性抑制作用(P<0.05),但对狼尾草叶绿素b含量则有显著性促进作用(P<0.05)。化感作用对不同受体植物或同一受体植物不同部位的影响程度存在差异,幼苗根长的抑制作用明显强于株高;不同受体植物对野大豆茎叶水浸提液化感作用的敏感程度存在差异。
In order to explore the mechanism of mixed region of wild soybean(Glycine soja) and other herbs gradually evolving into a single dominant species with wild soybean, the effects of water extract of wild soybean on seed germination,seedling growth and chlorophyll content were investigated with Petri dish filter paper method compared with distilled water method, with ryegrass, Pennisetum, wild soybean and alfalfa as receptor plants, and wild soybean as donor plant. The research showed that the water extract of wild soybean had inhibitory effect on seed germination rate, seedling height and root length, total dry matter, the content of chlorophyll a and the total content of chlorophyll a and b of herbages. It also had obviously inhibitory effect on the content of chlorophyll B in ryegrass, wild soybean and alfalfa(P<0.05). However, it had obviously promoted effect on the content of chlorophyll b of Pennisetum(P<0.05). The effects of allelopathy on different receptor plants or different parts in the same receptor plant were different. The inhibitory effect on root length was obviously stronger than on plant height. The sensitivity of different recipient plants to the allelopathic effect of wild soybean stem-leaf extract was different.
In order to explore the mechanism of mixed region of wild soybean(Glycine soja) and other herbs gradually evolving into a single dominant species with wild soybean, the effects of water extract of wild soybean on seed germination,seedling growth and chlorophyll content were investigated with Petri dish filter paper method compared with distilled water method, with ryegrass, Pennisetum, wild soybean and alfalfa as receptor plants, and wild soybean as donor plant. The research showed that the water extract of wild soybean had inhibitory effect on seed germination rate, seedling height and root length, total dry matter, the content of chlorophyll a and the total content of chlorophyll a and b of herbages. It also had obviously inhibitory effect on the content of chlorophyll B in ryegrass, wild soybean and alfalfa(P<0.05). However, it had obviously promoted effect on the content of chlorophyll b of Pennisetum(P<0.05). The effects of allelopathy on different receptor plants or different parts in the same receptor plant were different. The inhibitory effect on root length was obviously stronger than on plant height. The sensitivity of different recipient plants to the allelopathic effect of wild soybean stem-leaf extract was different.
引文
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[17]孙林,任秀珍,格根图,等.紫花苜蓿茎叶水浸提液对2种禾本科牧草的化感效应[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(12):49-53.Sun Lin,Ren Xiuzhen,Ge Gentu,et al.Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from alfalfa stem and leaf on two gramineous forages[J].Journal of Northwest Agriculture&Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,2013,41(12):49-53.
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[2]张秀玲,李瑞利,石福臣.盐胁迫对野大豆种子萌发特性的影响[J].种子,2007,26(8):21-26.Zhang Xiuling,Li Ruili,Shi Fuchen.Effect of salt stress on seed germination characteristics of Glycine soja[J].Seed,2007,26(8):21-26.
[3]丁艳来,赵团结,盖钧镒.中国野生大豆的遗传多样性和生态特异性分析[J].生物多样性,2008,16(2):133-142.Ding Yanlai,Zhao Tuanjie,Ge Junyi.Genetic diversity and ecological differentiation of Chinese annual wild soybean(Glycine soja)[J].Biodiversity Science,2008,16(2):133-142.
[4]Sun X,Sun M,Jia B,et al.A Glycine soja methionine sulfoxide reductase B5a interacts with the Ca2+/CAM-binding kinase Gs CBRLK and activates ROS signaling under carbonate alkaline stress[J].The Plant Journal,2016,86(6):514-529.
[5]Sun M,Jia B,Cui N,et al.Functional characterization of a Glycine soja Ca2+ATPase in salt–alkaline stress responses[J].Plant Molecular Biology,2016,90(4/5):419-434.
[6]Leamy L J,Lee C R,Song Q,et al.Environmental versus geographical effects on genomic variation in wild soybean(Glycine soja)across its native range in northeast Asia[J].Ecology and Evolution,2016,6(17):6332-6344.
[7]Kulkarni K P,Kim M,Shannon J G,et al.Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling soybean seed weight in recombinant inbred lines derived from PI 483463(Glycine soja)בHutcheson’(G.max)[J].Plant Breeding,2016,135(5):614-620.
[8]Itabashi M,Tsukamoto C,Kurosaka A,et al.Efficient method for large-scale preparation of two components H and I of Sg-6 saponins from whole seeds of wild soybean(Glycine soja Sieb.and Zucc.)[J].Journal of Liquid Chromatography&Related Technologies,2016,39(14):640-646.
[9]肖红,王芳,徐长林,等.醉马草根际土壤对6种高寒草甸植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].草原与草坪,2017,37(1):38-43.Xiao Hong,Wang Fang,Xu Changlin,et al.Effects of rhizosphere soil of Achnatherum inebrians on seed germination and seedling growth of 6 plant species in alpine meadow[J].Grassland and Turf,2017,37(1):38-43.
[10]陈锋,孟永杰,帅海威,等.植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响及其生态学意义[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(1):36-46.Chen Feng,Meng Yongjie,Shuai Haiwei,et al.Effect of plant allelochemicals on seed germination and its ecological significance[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture,2017,25(1):36-46.
[11]赵新梅,王军,莫静静,等.三种作物茎叶枯落物水浸液对烟草幼苗生长的化感效应[J].草业学报,2016,25(9):37-45.Zhao Xinmei,Wang Jun,Mo Jingjing,et al.Allelopathic effects of leaf-stem litter water aqueous extracts of three plant species on tobacco seedlings[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(9):37-45.
[12]王亚麒,焦玉洁,陈丹梅,等.紫茎泽兰浸提液对牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(2):150-159.Wang Yaqi,Jiao Yujie,Chen Danmei,et al.Effects of Eupatorium adenophorum extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of pasture species[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2016,25(2):150-159.
[13]张卫红,刘大林,苗彦军,等.野生赖草和垂穗披碱草抗旱能力比较[J].草业科学,2017,34(6):1255-1263.Zhang Weihong,Liu Dalin,Miao Yanjun,et al.Comparison of drought resistance of wild Leymus secalinus and Elymus nutans in Tibet[J].Pratacultural Science,2017,34(6):1255-1263.
[14]鲍红春,郝丽珍,张凤兰,等.沙芥不同部位水浸液自毒作用研究[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(2):103-110.Bao Hongchun,Hao Lizhen,Zhang Fenglan,et al.Autotoxicity of aquatic extracts from different parts of Pugionium cornutum(L.)Gaertn[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2016,38(2):103-110.
[15]Miller D A.Allelopathic effects of alfalfa[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1983,9(8):1059-1072.
[16]陈林,杨新国,宋乃平,等.中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液对7种灌草的化感作用及其化学成分分析[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2016,42(2):150-162.Chen Lin,Yang Xinguo,Song Naiping,et al.Allelopathy of aqueous extract from Caragana intermedia root on seven kinds of shrubs and herbs and its chemical component analysis[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Science,2016,42(2):150-162.
[17]孙林,任秀珍,格根图,等.紫花苜蓿茎叶水浸提液对2种禾本科牧草的化感效应[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(12):49-53.Sun Lin,Ren Xiuzhen,Ge Gentu,et al.Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from alfalfa stem and leaf on two gramineous forages[J].Journal of Northwest Agriculture&Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,2013,41(12):49-53.
[18]施海涛.植物逆境生理学实验指导[M].北京:科学出版社,2016,2-3.Shi Haitao.Experimental Guidance of Plant Stress Physiology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2016,2-3.
[19]郭春爱,刘芳,许晓明.叶绿素b缺失与植物的光合作用[J].植物生理学通讯,2006,42(5):967-972.Guo Chun’ai,Liu Fang,Xu Xiaoming.Chlorophyll-b deficient and photosynthesis in plants[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2006,42(5):967-972.