根域限制下不同留果量对设施红地球葡萄生长的影响
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摘要
为探索根域限制下不同留果量水平对棚架栽培红地球葡萄生长的影响,设计了4种留果量水平:单株留17穗果(25972.22kg/hm~2)、20穗果(30555.55kg/hm~2)、23穗果(35138.89kg/hm~2)、26穗果(39722.22kg/hm~2),测定了生长期叶面积、叶绿素含量,以及果实成熟后果实单粒重、纵横经、果实着色、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量等指标。结果表明:随着留果量增大,红地球葡萄叶绿素含量降低,果皮色度变差,可溶性固形物含量降低,可滴定酸含量增大,根域限制下设施红地球葡萄合适的留果量为单株留20穗果(30555.55kg/hm~2)。
In order to explore the effects of different fruit load on the growth of Red Globe grape under root zone restriction,four fruit load levels were designed:17 ears per plant(25972.22 kg/hm~2),20 ears(30555.55 kg/hm~2),23 ears(35138.89 kg/hm~2),26 ears(39722.22 kg/hm~2).The leaf area and chlorophyll content in growing period were measured.Indicators of fruit ripening include single grain weight,longitudinal and transverse meridians,fruit coloration,soluble solids content and titratable acid content.Result:With the increase of fruit load,the chlorophyll content of Red Globe grape decreased,the color of its peel became worse,the content of soluble solids decreased,and the titratable acid content increased.Under the restriction of root zone,the fruit load of Red Globe grape was 20 spikes per plant(30555.55 kg/hm~2).
In order to explore the effects of different fruit load on the growth of Red Globe grape under root zone restriction,four fruit load levels were designed:17 ears per plant(25972.22 kg/hm~2),20 ears(30555.55 kg/hm~2),23 ears(35138.89 kg/hm~2),26 ears(39722.22 kg/hm~2).The leaf area and chlorophyll content in growing period were measured.Indicators of fruit ripening include single grain weight,longitudinal and transverse meridians,fruit coloration,soluble solids content and titratable acid content.Result:With the increase of fruit load,the chlorophyll content of Red Globe grape decreased,the color of its peel became worse,the content of soluble solids decreased,and the titratable acid content increased.Under the restriction of root zone,the fruit load of Red Globe grape was 20 spikes per plant(30555.55 kg/hm~2).
引文
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[20]邵建辉,马春花,祖艳群,等.转色初期喷施BTH对‘红地球’葡萄着色和果实品质的影响[J].果树学报2017,34(12):1556-1565.
[21]施明,王佳,康超,等.不同单株负载量对赤霞珠葡萄生长及果实品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):56-61.
[22]高旭东.负载量对“品丽珠”葡萄果实品质的影响[J].现代园艺,2017(9):14-15.
[23]史祥宾,刘凤之,王孝娣,等.根域宽度对‘红地球’葡萄产量和品质及贮藏营养的影响[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2018(2):12-16.
[2]曹元生.设施葡萄栽培的几项关键技术[J].山西果树,2009(04):20-21.
[3]谢兆森,曹红梅,刘爱玲,等.根域限制对葡萄果实不同发育期维管束水分运输的影响[J].植物生理学报,2011,47(9):899-903.
[4]林玉友,郭修武,蒋春光,等.负载量对酿酒葡萄‘威代尔’光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2016(5):46-50.
[5]赵亚蒙,尹春晓,梁攀,等.负载量及套袋对酒用刺葡萄果实酚类物质和香气的影响[J].中国酿造,2018,37(06):114-118.
[6]乐小凤,于咏,鞠延仑,等.不同负载量对“红地球”葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(08):29~34.
[7]孙伯筠,樊淑萍,赵秀梅.干旱寒冷地区梨树适宜负载量及树体参数的研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2006,27(04):87-90.
[8]沈光业.负载量和纳米碳增效肥料对桃果实品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017:12.
[9]任洪毅.旱地苹果化学疏花疏果效应及适宜负载量研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018:5.
[10]单守明,杨恕玲,王振平,等.负载量对宁夏设施草莓光合作用和果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺2011(01):5-8.
[11]丛丽君,汪生林,李建设,等.痕量灌溉管不同埋深对日光温室栽培番茄品质和产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(7):1062-1067.
[12]史星雲,李强,张军,等.滴灌条件下水肥耦合对酿酒葡萄生长发育及果实品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(02):225-236.
[13]Ju ZG,Yuan YB,Liu CL,Xin SH.Relationships among phenylalanine ammonialyase activity,simple phenol concentrations and nthocyanin accumulation in apple[J]. Scientia Hortriculture,1995,61:215-226.
[14]苗立祥,张豫超,杨肖芳,等.越心草莓色泽与品质形成规律研究[J].浙江农业科学,2019,60(3):397-400.
[15]程潜,李斌,张振乾,等.不同硼用量下油菜冠层反射光谱与叶绿素含量间定量关系[J].西南农业学报,2018,31(10),2127-2134.
[16]李小琴,张凤良,杨湉,等.遮阴对濒危植物风吹楠幼苗叶形态和光合参数的影响[J].植物生理学报,2019,55(01):80-90.
[17]丁宁,陈建明,丰艳广,等.矮化苹果负载量对氮素吸收、分配及利用的影响[J].园艺学报,2016,43(03):549-556.
[18]朱婷婷,梁森苗,张淑文,等.早鲜杨梅果实发育和品质形成规律的研究[J].浙江农业学报,2018,30(5):764-770.
[19]王爱玲,白世践,赵荣华,等.油菜素内酯对火焰无核葡萄着色的影响[J].天津农业科学,2019,25(1):34-35,42.
[20]邵建辉,马春花,祖艳群,等.转色初期喷施BTH对‘红地球’葡萄着色和果实品质的影响[J].果树学报2017,34(12):1556-1565.
[21]施明,王佳,康超,等.不同单株负载量对赤霞珠葡萄生长及果实品质的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):56-61.
[22]高旭东.负载量对“品丽珠”葡萄果实品质的影响[J].现代园艺,2017(9):14-15.
[23]史祥宾,刘凤之,王孝娣,等.根域宽度对‘红地球’葡萄产量和品质及贮藏营养的影响[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2018(2):12-16.