旋转导向钻井通讯与控制系统设计与软件开发
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摘要
旋转导向是当前油气钻采井下工具导向控制的关键性技术,在长水平段水平井、大位移井、分支井等复杂井结构中应用广泛。钻井液脉冲为旋转导向钻井的主要通讯方式,其传输缓慢、有延迟、易误码等传输特性,使得对通讯编码和传输同步的要求更为严格。另外,为方便现场工程技术人员直观掌握导向头状态和井眼轨迹的控制情况,需要建立有效的地面监控系统。针对这些问题和旋转导向钻井工程中的具体情况,考虑指令传输时间短、井下识别准确率高的原则,设计了旋转导向系统上下位机的通讯协议,并给出下行控制指令编码方案;开发了相应的通讯与控制系统,可实现控制指令下传和钻井参数实时显示,解决了旋转导向钻井设备的软件系统集成问题。系统提供了实际旋转导向控制接口和地面测试接口,满足工程实际要求。
Rotary steering is the key technique in the steering control of the bottom hole assembly for gas and oil drilling at present,which is widely used in long horizontal-section wells,extended reach wells, multilateral wells and other complex wells. Drilling fluid pulse is the main communication mode of rotary steering drilling. Transmission code and its synchronization are demanding due to the transmission characteristics of low speed,propagation delay and high bit error rate. Furthermore,an effective ground monitor system is required for on-site engineers to master the conditions of guide bit and the control of trajectory. Focusing on these requirements and the specific circumstances in the rotary steerable drilling engineering,a communication protocol is designed between upper and lower computers considering short instruction transmission and the accurate identification,and downward instruction coding scheme is shown. A corresponding communication and control system is developed,which can accomplish transmission of control instructions and real-time display of drilling parameters,the software system integration of rotary steerable drilling equipment is solved. This system provides with actual control interfaces and ground testing interfaces,which meets the requirements in practical engineering.
Rotary steering is the key technique in the steering control of the bottom hole assembly for gas and oil drilling at present,which is widely used in long horizontal-section wells,extended reach wells, multilateral wells and other complex wells. Drilling fluid pulse is the main communication mode of rotary steering drilling. Transmission code and its synchronization are demanding due to the transmission characteristics of low speed,propagation delay and high bit error rate. Furthermore,an effective ground monitor system is required for on-site engineers to master the conditions of guide bit and the control of trajectory. Focusing on these requirements and the specific circumstances in the rotary steerable drilling engineering,a communication protocol is designed between upper and lower computers considering short instruction transmission and the accurate identification,and downward instruction coding scheme is shown. A corresponding communication and control system is developed,which can accomplish transmission of control instructions and real-time display of drilling parameters,the software system integration of rotary steerable drilling equipment is solved. This system provides with actual control interfaces and ground testing interfaces,which meets the requirements in practical engineering.
引文
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[10]张进双,余志清.静态式可控偏心器旋转导向钻井工具造斜能力分析[J].石油钻探技术,2000,28(5):45-48.
[11]狄勤丰,张绍槐.旋转导向钻井系统控制井眼轨迹机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,1998,26(3):52-54.
[12]赵琦.旋转导向钻井系统井下信息码接收的理论与方法研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2011.
[13]刘新华,董广华,赵洪山,等.旋转导向井下工具控制系统设计及室内试验[J].石油钻探技术,2011,39(5):86-90.
[2]王伟亮,耿艳峰,李聪冉,等.动态指向式旋转导向钻井工具稳定平台的控制[J].石油机械,2017,45(8):7-12.
[3]王凯,王伟亮,佀洁茹,等.动态指向式旋转导向钻井工具的测控系统研究[J].石油机械,2018,46(2):35-38,67.
[4]张程光,王孝亮,马琰,等.随钻测量与控制工具在塔里木油田的应用及建议[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(3):22-24.
[5]刘修善,苏义脑.地面信号下传系统的方案设计[J].石油学报,2000,21(6):88-92.
[6]张玺亮,党瑞荣,马认琦.旋转导向钻井工具地面监测和控制系统研究[J].石油机械,2015,43(5):6-8.
[7]李琪,彭元超,张绍槐,等.旋转导向钻井信号井下传送技术研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):108-111.
[8]刘景超.旋转导向钻井下行信息传输技术研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2014.
[9]霍爱清,戴晨.导向钻井下行通讯地面监控系统设计[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(4):73-77.
[10]张进双,余志清.静态式可控偏心器旋转导向钻井工具造斜能力分析[J].石油钻探技术,2000,28(5):45-48.
[11]狄勤丰,张绍槐.旋转导向钻井系统控制井眼轨迹机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,1998,26(3):52-54.
[12]赵琦.旋转导向钻井系统井下信息码接收的理论与方法研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2011.
[13]刘新华,董广华,赵洪山,等.旋转导向井下工具控制系统设计及室内试验[J].石油钻探技术,2011,39(5):86-90.