受端电网特高压直流系统与海上风电交互影响及评价指标
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摘要
研究了负荷中心受端电网特高压直流系统与海上风电的交互影响特性。首先从直流系统与海上风电落点间电气距离、接入点系统等值阻抗、海上风电机组自身的无功电压特性等方面分析了特高压直流系统与海上风电交互影响的关键因素,然后解析了二者交互作用阻抗表达式,计及特高压直流系统及海上风电落点交流系统强度,提出了直流系统与海上风电交互影响评价指标的快速计算方法,并通过实际电网算例进行了验证。研究结果表明,直流系统与海上风电电气距离越小、接入点系统等值阻抗越大,交互影响越明显。
This paper studies characteristics of interactive effects between HVDC of the receiving-end power grid in the load center and offshore wind power. It firstly analyzes key factors of interactive effects in aspects of electric distance between drop points of the DC system and offshore wind power, equivalent impedance of the access point(AP) system, reactive power voltage characteristic of the offshore wind turbines, and so on. Then it analyzes expressions of interactive effects and presents a rapid calculation method for evaluation index of interactive effects which takes strength of the drop point AC system of HVDC and offshore wind power into account. By means of examples of actual power grid, it makes verification. The research result indicate that the electric distance between the DC system and offshore wind power is closer, the equivalent impedance of the AP system is larger and interactive effect is more prominent.
This paper studies characteristics of interactive effects between HVDC of the receiving-end power grid in the load center and offshore wind power. It firstly analyzes key factors of interactive effects in aspects of electric distance between drop points of the DC system and offshore wind power, equivalent impedance of the access point(AP) system, reactive power voltage characteristic of the offshore wind turbines, and so on. Then it analyzes expressions of interactive effects and presents a rapid calculation method for evaluation index of interactive effects which takes strength of the drop point AC system of HVDC and offshore wind power into account. By means of examples of actual power grid, it makes verification. The research result indicate that the electric distance between the DC system and offshore wind power is closer, the equivalent impedance of the AP system is larger and interactive effect is more prominent.
引文
[1] 吴萍,陈昊,赵兵,等. 风光火打捆交直流混联外送系统交互影响及稳定性研究[J]. 电网技术,2016,40 (7):1934-1942. WU Ping,CHEN Hao,ZHAO Bing,et al. Study on interaction and stability characteristics of bundled wind-PV-thermal power transmitted with AC/DC system[J],Power System Technology,2016,40 (7):1934-1942.
[2] 郑明,王长虹. 海上风电场输电方式研究[J]. 南方能源建设, 2018, 5 (2):99-108. ZHENG Ming, WANG Changhong. Research on the transmission mode of offshore wind farm[J]. Southern energy construction,2018, 5 (2):99-108.
[3] 常喜强,樊艳芳,张锋,等.±800 kV特高压直流双极闭锁故障对高密度风电地区电压影响分析[J]. 四川电力技术,2015,38(4):5-10. CHANG Xiqiang,FAN Yanfang, ZHANG Feng, et al.An analysis of the effect of ± 800 kV UHVDC bipolar locking fault on the voltage of high-density wind power[J]. Sichuan Electic Power Technology,2015,38(4):5-10.
[4] 屠竞哲,张健,刘明松,等.风火打捆直流外送系统直流故障引发风机脱网的问题研究[J]. 电网技术,2015,39(12): 3333-3338. TU Jingzhe, ZHANG Jian, LIU Mingsong, et al. Study on wind turbine generators tripping caused by HVDC contingencies of wind-thermal-bundled HVDC transmission systems[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(12): 3333-3338.
[5] 贺静波,庄伟,许涛,等. 暂态过电压引起风电机组连锁脱网风险分析及对策[J]. 电网技术,2016,40(6): 1839-1844. HE Jingbo, ZHUANG Wei, XU Tao, et al. Study on cascading tripping risk of wind turbines caused by transient overvoltage and its countermeasures[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(6): 1839-1844.
[6] 邹朋,王渝红,李兴源,等. 适合风电接入的直流输电辅助频率控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5750-5757. ZOU Peng, WANG Yuhong, LI Xingyuan, et al. Frequency control strategy for HVDC power system with wind power integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016,36(21):5750-5757.
[7] 裴爱国,何登富. 海上风电大数据发展研究——以广东省海上风电大数据中心建设为例[J]. 南方能源建设,2018, 5 (2):19-23. PEI Aiguo,HE Dengfu. Research on the development of big data with offshore wind power:a case study of the construction of Guangdong offshore wind farm big data center[J]. Southern Energy Construction,2018, 5 (2):19-23.
[8] 徐乾耀,康重庆,张宁,等. 海上风电出力特性及其消纳问题探讨[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2011, 35 (22):54-59. XU Qianyao, KANG Chongqing, ZHANG Ning, et al. A discussion on offshore wind power output characteristics and its accommodation[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35 (22): 54-59.
[9] 周保荣,洪潮,金小明,等. 南方电网同步运行网架向异步运行网架的转变研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(8):2084-2092. ZHOU Baorong, HONG Chao, JIN Xiaoming, et al. Study of backbone structure change from synchronous to asynchronous in China southern power grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(8):2084-2092.
[10] 孙蔚,姚良忠,李琰,等. 考虑大规模海上风电接入的多电压等级直流电网运行控制策略研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2015, 35(4):776-785. SUN Wei, YAO Liangzhong, LI Yan, et al. Study on operation control strategies of DC grid with multi-voltage level considering large offshore wind farm grid integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015,35(4):776-785.
[11] GB/T 19963—2011,风电场接入电力系统技术规定[S].
[12] CIGRE Working Group B4.41. Systems with multiple DC infeed[R]. Paris:CIGRE,2008.
[13] 林伟芳, 汤涌, 卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8. LIN Weifang, TANG Yong, BU Guangquan. Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DC power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(31):1-8.
[14] 王伟胜, 冯双磊, 张义斌. 风电场最大装机容量和电网短路容量的关系[J]. 国际电力, 2005, 9(2):31-34. WANG Weisheng, FENG Shuanglei, ZHANG Yibin. The relationship between wind farm maximum capacity and short-circuit capacity of the power grid[J]. International Electric Power for China, 2005,9(2):31-34.
[15] WALKER J, JENKINS N. Wind energy technology[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1997.
[16] NAYAK R N, SASMAL R P, SEHGAL Y K, et al. AC/DC interactions in multi-infeed HVDC scheme: a case study[C]// IEEE Power India Conference, New Delhi, India: IEEE Press, 2006:1-5.
[17] 王延纬, 覃芸, 龚贤夫,等. 广东电网异步联网模式下的静止同步补偿器优化配置[J]. 广东电力, 2017, 30(7):53-59. WANG Yanwei, QIN Yun, GONG Xianfu, et al. Optimizing configuration of STATCOM under asynchronous networking mode of Guangdong power grid[J]. Guangdong Electric Power, 2017, 30(7):53-59.项目简介:申请单位南瑞集团有限公司项目名称南方电网2019—2021年中长期运行方式研究项目概述针对2019—2021年的南方电网发展规划,研究限制南方电网安全稳定运行的薄弱环节,研究影响特高压直流、新能源等的关键因素,并对严重故障下南方电网电力安全风险进行评估,为南方电网的规划、调度、管理提供技术支撑。主要创新点 ①对广东电网远期规划的内外双环网方案、东西组团方案、东西异步分网方案、交流特高压方案进行综合评估,分析了异步联网后广东电网远期规划网架的适应性问题;②定量评估海上风电及特高压直流的相互作用,为规划运行人员合理安排直流、风电落点和系统运行方式等提供参考。
[2] 郑明,王长虹. 海上风电场输电方式研究[J]. 南方能源建设, 2018, 5 (2):99-108. ZHENG Ming, WANG Changhong. Research on the transmission mode of offshore wind farm[J]. Southern energy construction,2018, 5 (2):99-108.
[3] 常喜强,樊艳芳,张锋,等.±800 kV特高压直流双极闭锁故障对高密度风电地区电压影响分析[J]. 四川电力技术,2015,38(4):5-10. CHANG Xiqiang,FAN Yanfang, ZHANG Feng, et al.An analysis of the effect of ± 800 kV UHVDC bipolar locking fault on the voltage of high-density wind power[J]. Sichuan Electic Power Technology,2015,38(4):5-10.
[4] 屠竞哲,张健,刘明松,等.风火打捆直流外送系统直流故障引发风机脱网的问题研究[J]. 电网技术,2015,39(12): 3333-3338. TU Jingzhe, ZHANG Jian, LIU Mingsong, et al. Study on wind turbine generators tripping caused by HVDC contingencies of wind-thermal-bundled HVDC transmission systems[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(12): 3333-3338.
[5] 贺静波,庄伟,许涛,等. 暂态过电压引起风电机组连锁脱网风险分析及对策[J]. 电网技术,2016,40(6): 1839-1844. HE Jingbo, ZHUANG Wei, XU Tao, et al. Study on cascading tripping risk of wind turbines caused by transient overvoltage and its countermeasures[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(6): 1839-1844.
[6] 邹朋,王渝红,李兴源,等. 适合风电接入的直流输电辅助频率控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5750-5757. ZOU Peng, WANG Yuhong, LI Xingyuan, et al. Frequency control strategy for HVDC power system with wind power integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016,36(21):5750-5757.
[7] 裴爱国,何登富. 海上风电大数据发展研究——以广东省海上风电大数据中心建设为例[J]. 南方能源建设,2018, 5 (2):19-23. PEI Aiguo,HE Dengfu. Research on the development of big data with offshore wind power:a case study of the construction of Guangdong offshore wind farm big data center[J]. Southern Energy Construction,2018, 5 (2):19-23.
[8] 徐乾耀,康重庆,张宁,等. 海上风电出力特性及其消纳问题探讨[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2011, 35 (22):54-59. XU Qianyao, KANG Chongqing, ZHANG Ning, et al. A discussion on offshore wind power output characteristics and its accommodation[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35 (22): 54-59.
[9] 周保荣,洪潮,金小明,等. 南方电网同步运行网架向异步运行网架的转变研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(8):2084-2092. ZHOU Baorong, HONG Chao, JIN Xiaoming, et al. Study of backbone structure change from synchronous to asynchronous in China southern power grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(8):2084-2092.
[10] 孙蔚,姚良忠,李琰,等. 考虑大规模海上风电接入的多电压等级直流电网运行控制策略研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2015, 35(4):776-785. SUN Wei, YAO Liangzhong, LI Yan, et al. Study on operation control strategies of DC grid with multi-voltage level considering large offshore wind farm grid integration[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015,35(4):776-785.
[11] GB/T 19963—2011,风电场接入电力系统技术规定[S].
[12] CIGRE Working Group B4.41. Systems with multiple DC infeed[R]. Paris:CIGRE,2008.
[13] 林伟芳, 汤涌, 卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8. LIN Weifang, TANG Yong, BU Guangquan. Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DC power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(31):1-8.
[14] 王伟胜, 冯双磊, 张义斌. 风电场最大装机容量和电网短路容量的关系[J]. 国际电力, 2005, 9(2):31-34. WANG Weisheng, FENG Shuanglei, ZHANG Yibin. The relationship between wind farm maximum capacity and short-circuit capacity of the power grid[J]. International Electric Power for China, 2005,9(2):31-34.
[15] WALKER J, JENKINS N. Wind energy technology[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,1997.
[16] NAYAK R N, SASMAL R P, SEHGAL Y K, et al. AC/DC interactions in multi-infeed HVDC scheme: a case study[C]// IEEE Power India Conference, New Delhi, India: IEEE Press, 2006:1-5.
[17] 王延纬, 覃芸, 龚贤夫,等. 广东电网异步联网模式下的静止同步补偿器优化配置[J]. 广东电力, 2017, 30(7):53-59. WANG Yanwei, QIN Yun, GONG Xianfu, et al. Optimizing configuration of STATCOM under asynchronous networking mode of Guangdong power grid[J]. Guangdong Electric Power, 2017, 30(7):53-59.项目简介:申请单位南瑞集团有限公司项目名称南方电网2019—2021年中长期运行方式研究项目概述针对2019—2021年的南方电网发展规划,研究限制南方电网安全稳定运行的薄弱环节,研究影响特高压直流、新能源等的关键因素,并对严重故障下南方电网电力安全风险进行评估,为南方电网的规划、调度、管理提供技术支撑。主要创新点 ①对广东电网远期规划的内外双环网方案、东西组团方案、东西异步分网方案、交流特高压方案进行综合评估,分析了异步联网后广东电网远期规划网架的适应性问题;②定量评估海上风电及特高压直流的相互作用,为规划运行人员合理安排直流、风电落点和系统运行方式等提供参考。