蠕滑力饱和条件下钢轨吸振器抑制短波波磨的理论研究
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摘要
在一定条件下,钢轨吸振器对钢轨短波波磨具有良好的预防和抑制作用。然而,其抑制机理尚不明确。从蠕滑力饱和条件下,轮轨摩擦耦合自激振动引发钢轨短波波磨的角度,研究了钢轨吸振器抑制短波波磨的作用机理。理论分析结果显示钢轨吸振器的抑制频率区间与钢轨短波波磨的发生频率相重合。并且,钢轨吸振器能有效降低轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动强度,减小轮轨间法向接触力的波动幅度,进而能预防和抑制钢轨短波波磨的产生和发展。增大钢轨吸振器与轨腰之间的连接阻尼和连接刚度能增加轮轨系统的振动稳定性,有利于降低轨面发生短波波磨的可能性。
The installation of rail vibration absorbers is beneficial to prevent the formation and development of the vibration caused by short pitch rail corrugation under certain conditions. However, the mechanism of the suppression of corrugation induced vibration by the rail vibration absorber is not clearly known. Based on the viewpoint of friction-induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system due to short pitch rail corrugation, the effects of the rail vibration absorber on suppressing the influence of short pitch rail corrugation were studied. The complex eigenvalue analysis results indicate that the self-excited vibration of wheelset-track system, whose frequency is the same as the inherent frequency of short pitch rail corrugation, can be suppressed effectively after the installation of rail vibration absorbers. Furthermore, the transient dynamic analysis results demonstrate that the vibration intensity of the wheelset-track system and the fluctuation amplitude of the normal contact force between wheel and rail decrease significantly when the rail vibration absorbers were installed on the rail web. Enhancing the connection damping and the stiffness between the rail vibration absorbers and rail web is conducive to suppress the short pitch rail corrugation.
The installation of rail vibration absorbers is beneficial to prevent the formation and development of the vibration caused by short pitch rail corrugation under certain conditions. However, the mechanism of the suppression of corrugation induced vibration by the rail vibration absorber is not clearly known. Based on the viewpoint of friction-induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system due to short pitch rail corrugation, the effects of the rail vibration absorber on suppressing the influence of short pitch rail corrugation were studied. The complex eigenvalue analysis results indicate that the self-excited vibration of wheelset-track system, whose frequency is the same as the inherent frequency of short pitch rail corrugation, can be suppressed effectively after the installation of rail vibration absorbers. Furthermore, the transient dynamic analysis results demonstrate that the vibration intensity of the wheelset-track system and the fluctuation amplitude of the normal contact force between wheel and rail decrease significantly when the rail vibration absorbers were installed on the rail web. Enhancing the connection damping and the stiffness between the rail vibration absorbers and rail web is conducive to suppress the short pitch rail corrugation.
引文
[1]李霞.地铁钢轨波磨形成机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.
[2]李伟,杜星,王衡禹,等.地铁钢轨一种波磨机理的调查分析[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(16):26-32.LI Wei,DU Xing,WANG Hengyu,et al.Investigation into the mechanism of type of rail corrugation of metro[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(16):26-32.
[3]SATO Y,MATSUMOTO A,KNOTHE K.Review on rail corrugation studies[J].Wear,2002,252(1/2):130-139.
[4]SHENG X,ZHONG T,LI Y.Vibration and sound radiation of slab high-speed railway tracks subject to a moving harmonic load[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2017,395:160-186.
[5]LIU H P,WU T X.The influences on railway rolling noise of a rail vibration absorber and wave reflections due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):227-235.
[6]文永蓬,李琼,尚慧琳,等.考虑车轨耦合作用的车体动力吸振器减振性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(21):54-62.WEN Yongpeng,LI Qiong,SHANG Huilin,et al.Performances of dynamic absorbers for urban rail vehicle body considering effects of vehicle-track coupling[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(21):54-62.
[7]孙晓静,张厚贵,刘维宁,等.调频式钢轨阻尼器对剪切型减振器轨道动力特性的影响[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(14):210-214.SUN Xiaojing,ZHANG Hougui,LIU Weining,et al.Effect of tuning rail damper on dynamic properties of the track structure using egg fastening system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(14):210-214.
[8]CROFT B E,JONES C J C,THOMPSON D J.Reducing wheel-rail interaction forces and roughness growth by application of rail dampers[M]∥Noise and Vibration Mitigation for Rail Transportation Systems.Berlin:Springer,2008.
[9]WU T X.Effects on short pitch rail corrugation growth of a rail vibration absorber/damper[J].Wear,2011,271(1/2):339-348.
[10]COLLETTE C,HORODINCA M,PREUMONT A.Rotational vibration absorber for the mitigation of rail rutting corrugation[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2009,47(6):641-659.
[11]LIU H P,YANG J Z,WU T X.The influences of rail vibration absorber on normal wheel-rail contact forces due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2015,21(2):275-284.
[12]CHEN G X,ZHOU Z R,OUYANG H,et al.A finite element study on rail corrugation based on saturated creep force induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2010,329(22):4643-4655.
[13]OSTERMEIJER K H.Review on short pitch rail corrugation studies[J].Wear,2008,265(9/10):1231-1237.
[14]ODEN J T,PIRES E B.Nonlocal and nonlinear friction laws and variational principles for contact problems in elasticity[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1983,50:67-73.
[15]崔晓璐,钱韦吉,张青,等.直线线路科隆蛋扣件地段钢轨波磨成因的理论研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(13):114-118.CUI Xiaolu,QIAN Weiji,ZHANG Qing,et al.Forming mechanism of rail corrugation of a straight track section supported by Cologne-egg fasteners[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(13):114-118.
[16]陈光雄,钱韦吉,莫继良,等.轮轨摩擦自激振动引起小半径曲线钢轨波磨的瞬态动力学研究[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(9):71-76.CHEN Guangxiong,QIAN Weiji,MO Jiliang,et al.Atransient dynamics study on wear-type rail corrugation on a tight curve due to the friction-induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(9):71-76.
[17]QIAN W J,WU Y F,CHEN G X,et al.Experimental and numerical studies of the effects of a rail vibration absorber on suppressing short pitch rail corrugation[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2016,18(2):1133-1144.
[18]KURZECK B,HECHT M.Dynamic simulation of friction induced vibrations in a light railway bogie while curving compared with measurement results[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(1):121-138.
[19]KURZECK B.Combined friction induced oscillations of wheelset and track during the curving of metros and their influence on corrugation[J].Wear,2011,271(1/2):299-310.
[2]李伟,杜星,王衡禹,等.地铁钢轨一种波磨机理的调查分析[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(16):26-32.LI Wei,DU Xing,WANG Hengyu,et al.Investigation into the mechanism of type of rail corrugation of metro[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(16):26-32.
[3]SATO Y,MATSUMOTO A,KNOTHE K.Review on rail corrugation studies[J].Wear,2002,252(1/2):130-139.
[4]SHENG X,ZHONG T,LI Y.Vibration and sound radiation of slab high-speed railway tracks subject to a moving harmonic load[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2017,395:160-186.
[5]LIU H P,WU T X.The influences on railway rolling noise of a rail vibration absorber and wave reflections due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2010,224(3):227-235.
[6]文永蓬,李琼,尚慧琳,等.考虑车轨耦合作用的车体动力吸振器减振性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(21):54-62.WEN Yongpeng,LI Qiong,SHANG Huilin,et al.Performances of dynamic absorbers for urban rail vehicle body considering effects of vehicle-track coupling[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(21):54-62.
[7]孙晓静,张厚贵,刘维宁,等.调频式钢轨阻尼器对剪切型减振器轨道动力特性的影响[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(14):210-214.SUN Xiaojing,ZHANG Hougui,LIU Weining,et al.Effect of tuning rail damper on dynamic properties of the track structure using egg fastening system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(14):210-214.
[8]CROFT B E,JONES C J C,THOMPSON D J.Reducing wheel-rail interaction forces and roughness growth by application of rail dampers[M]∥Noise and Vibration Mitigation for Rail Transportation Systems.Berlin:Springer,2008.
[9]WU T X.Effects on short pitch rail corrugation growth of a rail vibration absorber/damper[J].Wear,2011,271(1/2):339-348.
[10]COLLETTE C,HORODINCA M,PREUMONT A.Rotational vibration absorber for the mitigation of rail rutting corrugation[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2009,47(6):641-659.
[11]LIU H P,YANG J Z,WU T X.The influences of rail vibration absorber on normal wheel-rail contact forces due to multiple wheels[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2015,21(2):275-284.
[12]CHEN G X,ZHOU Z R,OUYANG H,et al.A finite element study on rail corrugation based on saturated creep force induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2010,329(22):4643-4655.
[13]OSTERMEIJER K H.Review on short pitch rail corrugation studies[J].Wear,2008,265(9/10):1231-1237.
[14]ODEN J T,PIRES E B.Nonlocal and nonlinear friction laws and variational principles for contact problems in elasticity[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1983,50:67-73.
[15]崔晓璐,钱韦吉,张青,等.直线线路科隆蛋扣件地段钢轨波磨成因的理论研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(13):114-118.CUI Xiaolu,QIAN Weiji,ZHANG Qing,et al.Forming mechanism of rail corrugation of a straight track section supported by Cologne-egg fasteners[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(13):114-118.
[16]陈光雄,钱韦吉,莫继良,等.轮轨摩擦自激振动引起小半径曲线钢轨波磨的瞬态动力学研究[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(9):71-76.CHEN Guangxiong,QIAN Weiji,MO Jiliang,et al.Atransient dynamics study on wear-type rail corrugation on a tight curve due to the friction-induced self-excited vibration of a wheelset-track system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(9):71-76.
[17]QIAN W J,WU Y F,CHEN G X,et al.Experimental and numerical studies of the effects of a rail vibration absorber on suppressing short pitch rail corrugation[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2016,18(2):1133-1144.
[18]KURZECK B,HECHT M.Dynamic simulation of friction induced vibrations in a light railway bogie while curving compared with measurement results[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(1):121-138.
[19]KURZECK B.Combined friction induced oscillations of wheelset and track during the curving of metros and their influence on corrugation[J].Wear,2011,271(1/2):299-310.