花铃期干旱胁迫对不同棉花品种光合特性影响及抗旱性评价
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摘要
以28份抗旱性不同的棉花品种为材料,通过大田花铃期水分胁迫,以抗旱系数和主成分分析综合评价各个棉花品种的抗旱水平,并对其评价和等级进行划分。结果表明,各个棉花品种在花铃期干旱胁迫下,各指标反应程度不同,其中叶绿素、净光合速率、水蒸汽压亏缺、气孔导度变化较明显,通过RI值聚类分析,将材料分成4个大类,第Ⅰ类为高抗型品种有C1470、ND359-5、新炮1号、新陆中39等18份品种;第Ⅱ类为中抗型的包括天合995、吉扎81、大铃棉、TM-1、10615-1、塔什干7号;第Ⅲ类为敏感型的包括新陆早1号、新石K7、鲁棉28;第Ⅳ为极敏感型的新陆早26。进一步利用逐步回归建立回归方程D=-1.496+0.775Ci+0.160Gs-0.020VPD+0.719Pn+0.799Tr-0.241WUE+0.663Chl(R2=0.996),筛选出7个指标,分别为Ci、Gs、VPD、A、Tr、WUE、Chl,各材料估计精度大于97.55%。
Field water stress during the blooming period was conducted to assess drought resistant capacity and partition clahierarchy of 28 varieties of cotton by drought resistance coefficient.The results showed that cotton varieties under drought stress during the blooming period,indexes responded variously. Chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,water vapor pressure deficit changed more apparently. The material could be divided into four major categories,by RI value clustering analysis. The first( Ⅰ) type for high class type varieties were C1470,ND359-5,Xinpao 1,Xinluzhong 39 in 18 varieties. The second( Ⅱ) class for the type of resistance included Tianhe 995,Jizha 81,Dalingmian,TM-1,Tashigan 7. The third( Ⅲ) for sensitive was Xinluzao 1,Xinshi K7,Lumian 28. The fourth( Ⅳ) for highly sensitive was Xinluzao 26 earlier,The mathematical evaluation model was established as D =-1. 496 + 0. 775 Ci + 0. 160 Gs-0. 020 VPD + 0. 719 Pn + 0. 799 Tr-0. 241 WUE + 0. 663 Chl( R2=0.996),and the evaluation accuracy of the equation was higher than 97.55%. Seven indexes closely related to the chilling tolerance,Ci、Gs、VPD、A、Tr、WUE and Chl.
Field water stress during the blooming period was conducted to assess drought resistant capacity and partition clahierarchy of 28 varieties of cotton by drought resistance coefficient.The results showed that cotton varieties under drought stress during the blooming period,indexes responded variously. Chlorophyll,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,water vapor pressure deficit changed more apparently. The material could be divided into four major categories,by RI value clustering analysis. The first( Ⅰ) type for high class type varieties were C1470,ND359-5,Xinpao 1,Xinluzhong 39 in 18 varieties. The second( Ⅱ) class for the type of resistance included Tianhe 995,Jizha 81,Dalingmian,TM-1,Tashigan 7. The third( Ⅲ) for sensitive was Xinluzao 1,Xinshi K7,Lumian 28. The fourth( Ⅳ) for highly sensitive was Xinluzao 26 earlier,The mathematical evaluation model was established as D =-1. 496 + 0. 775 Ci + 0. 160 Gs-0. 020 VPD + 0. 719 Pn + 0. 799 Tr-0. 241 WUE + 0. 663 Chl( R2=0.996),and the evaluation accuracy of the equation was higher than 97.55%. Seven indexes closely related to the chilling tolerance,Ci、Gs、VPD、A、Tr、WUE and Chl.
引文
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[15]刘瑞显,王友华,陈兵林,等.花铃期干旱胁迫下氮素水平对棉花光合作用与叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(4):675-683.
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[18]雷成霞,王振华,魏闯,等.新疆地下滴灌无膜移栽棉花干物质积累与需水量关系[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(6):94-97,102.
[19]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[20]冯方剑,宋敏,陈全家,等.棉花苗期抗旱相关指标的主成分分析及综合评价[J].新疆农业大学学报,2011,34(3):211-217.
[2]韩会玲,康凤君.水分胁迫对棉花生产影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2001,17(3):37-40.
[3]刘昭伟,张盼,王瑞,等.花铃期土壤持续干旱对棉铃对位叶气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(12):3533-3539.
[4]张文英,朱建强,欧光华,等.花铃期涝渍胁迫对棉花农艺性状、经济性状的影响[J].中国棉花,2001,28(9):14-16.
[5]蔡红涛,汤一卒,刁品春,等.棉花花铃期土壤持续干旱胁迫对产量形成的调节效应[J].棉花学报,2008,20(4):300-305.
[6]管利军,孙建亭,王晓伟,等.不同打顶剂对东疆棉花花铃期生长发育的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(6):1655-1656.
[7]刘淑会,陈新宏,蔡振虎,等.普通小麦-大麦杂种后代衍生系抗旱性鉴定[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2010,45(6):60-65.
[8]张彦芹,贾伟珑,杨丽莉,等.不同玉米品种苗期抗旱性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2001,19(1):83-86.
[9] HATMACHER B.气孔和非气孔对棉花光合速率的控制作用[J].国外农学—棉花,1986,(1):24-28.
[10]马富裕,李蒙春,杨建荣,等.花铃期不同时段水分亏缺对棉花群体光合速率及水分利用效率影响的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(12):1467-1472.
[11]李志博,杨敏,张荣华.北疆棉花品种抗旱性初步评价及鉴定方法研究[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(6):463-466.
[12]王贺正,李艳,马均,等.水稻苗期抗旱性指标的筛选[J].作物学报,2007,33(9):1523-1529.
[13]张木清,陈如凯.作物抗旱分子生理与遗传改良[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:22-23.
[14]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,等.小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459.
[15]刘瑞显,王友华,陈兵林,等.花铃期干旱胁迫下氮素水平对棉花光合作用与叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(4):675-683.
[16] JOHNSON G N,SCHOLES J D,HORTON P,et al.Relationships between carotenoid composition and growth habit in British plant specie[J],Plant,Cell&Environment,1993,16(6):681-686.
[17]李志博,林海荣,魏亦农,等.北疆主栽棉花抗旱性生育期差异评价及鉴定体系的初步建立[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(3):84-90.
[18]雷成霞,王振华,魏闯,等.新疆地下滴灌无膜移栽棉花干物质积累与需水量关系[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(6):94-97,102.
[19]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[20]冯方剑,宋敏,陈全家,等.棉花苗期抗旱相关指标的主成分分析及综合评价[J].新疆农业大学学报,2011,34(3):211-217.