纯锆的动态力学行为及绝热剪切带
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摘要
使用分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)对纯锆在室温下进行动态压缩实验,应变速率为800～4000 s-1。采用金相显微镜和Quanta200型扫描电子显微镜对绝热剪切带及压缩断口进行观察。结果表明,纯锆具有较低的应变速率敏感性,由于高应变条件下产生了高密度的孪晶,材料硬化显著增强,真应力-真应变曲线随应变增加呈上升趋势,最大抗压强度为843 MPa。纯锆试样中观察到明显的绝热剪切带,且沿剪切带出现裂纹,压缩断口呈韧性断裂。绝热剪切带的出现和发展是材料失效的主要原因。对剪切带内部的温度进行了估算,结果表明,纯锆剪切带内部最高温度为1564℃。
Dynamic compression tests were performed on the split Hopkinson pressure bar( SHPB) in different strain rates of 800-4000 s-1 at room temperature. The adiabatic shear bands and compression fracture morphology were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope Quanta200. The results show that the pure zirconium has lower strain rate sensitivity with the maximum dynamic compressive strength of about 843 MPa. The material hardening increases remarkably and the true stress-true strain curves increase with the true strain increasing due to high density twins produced at high strain. Adiabatic shear bands are found in the pure zirconium and cracks exist along the shear bands. The fracture surface of pure zirconium exhibits ductile fracture in dynamic compression with the characteristic feature of shear dimples. The appearance and development of adiabatic shear bands are mainly responsible for material failure. The temperature within the shear band was estimated. The results show that the highest temperature in the shear bands of pure zirconium is 1564 ℃.
Dynamic compression tests were performed on the split Hopkinson pressure bar( SHPB) in different strain rates of 800-4000 s-1 at room temperature. The adiabatic shear bands and compression fracture morphology were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope Quanta200. The results show that the pure zirconium has lower strain rate sensitivity with the maximum dynamic compressive strength of about 843 MPa. The material hardening increases remarkably and the true stress-true strain curves increase with the true strain increasing due to high density twins produced at high strain. Adiabatic shear bands are found in the pure zirconium and cracks exist along the shear bands. The fracture surface of pure zirconium exhibits ductile fracture in dynamic compression with the characteristic feature of shear dimples. The appearance and development of adiabatic shear bands are mainly responsible for material failure. The temperature within the shear band was estimated. The results show that the highest temperature in the shear bands of pure zirconium is 1564 ℃.
引文
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[2] BAI Y. Adiabatic shear banding[J]. Res Mechanica,1990,31(2):133-203.
[3] DODD B,BAI Y. Adiabatic shear localization:frontiers and advances[M]. London:Elsevier,2012.
[4] BAI Y L,DODD B. Adiabatic shear localization:occurrence,theories,and applications[M]. Oxford:Pergamon Press,1992.
[5] JIANG L,YANG Y,WANG Z,et al. Microstructure evolution within adiabatic shear band in peak aged ZK60 magnesium alloy[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2017,711:317-324.
[6] LIAO S C,DUFFY J. Adiabatic shear bands in a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy[J]. Journal of the Mechanics&Physics of Solids,1998,46(11):2201-2231.
[7] ZHEN L,LI G A,ZOU D L,et al. Characterization of the deformed microstructure in 1Cr18NiTi stainless steel under ballistic impact[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2008,489(1-2):213-219.
[8] ZOU D L,LUAN B F,LIU Q,et al. Formation and evolution of adiabatic shear bands in zirconium alloy impacted by split Hopkinson pressure bar[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials,2013,437(1-3):380-388.
[9]刘桂涛,梁栋,赵文天,等.锆基多功能合金的动态压缩性能研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2012,35(2):73-76.LIU Guitao,LIANG Dong,ZHAO Wentian,et al. Dynamic compression properties of Zr-based multi-function alloy[J]. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2012,35(2):73-76.
[10]肖大武,李英雷,胡时胜,等.纯锆的压缩变形行为[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2008,37(12):2122-2124.XIAO Dawu,LI Yinglei,HU Shisheng,et al. Compression deformation behavior of pure zirconium[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2008,37(12):2122-2124.
[11] SONG S G,GRAY III G T. Structural interpretation of the nucleation and growth of deformation twins in Zr and Ti-I. Application of the coincidence site lattice(CSL)theory to twinning problems in h. c. p. structures[J]. Acta Metallurgica Et Materialia,1995,43(6):2325-2337.
[12]王学滨.钛合金绝热剪切带的局部剪切应变估算的新方法[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(6):1048-1052.WANG Xuebin. New method for calculating local shear strain in adiabatic shear band of titanium alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(6):1048-1052.
[13]王晓颖.锆及锆合金动态力学性能和绝热剪切行为研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2015.WANG Xiaoying. Dynamic mechanical properties and adiabatic shear behavior of zirconium and zirconium alloys[D]. Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2015.