古诗英译:呼吁中西合作翻译
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摘要
中西合作翻译可以减少文化误读,缩短翻译周期,增强译文可读性,提高译文在英语世界的接受度,不失为古诗英译的突破口。翻译史上,中国学者与西方诗人合作,中国学者、汉学家与诗人合作以及中国学者与西方汉学家诗人合作的3类典型模式取得了良好的传播效果,这些成功的翻译往往都是由西方译者主导。然而,过去的历史经验并不能完全决定当下的翻译实践主体。中国文学"走出去"背景下,中方主导的合作翻译和西方主导的合作翻译均有助于跨文化交流,应该同时得到提倡。
The collaborative translation model between Chinese scholars and western translators,which can reduce cultural mis-interpretation, shorten translation periods, enhance readability and thus improve acceptability of translations in the English-speaking countries,can be the most ideal way to translating Chinese classical poetry into English. In the translation history,all the three typical collaborative translation models,collaboration between the Chinese scholar and the Western poet,collaboration among the Chinese scholar,the sinologist and the poet,and collaboration between the Chinese scholar and the sinologist poet,belong to the model with the western translators as the dominate role. However,the past experience can not suffice to determine today's selection of translation subjects. Therefore,in the context of Chinese literature "going-out",the collaborative translation model either with the Chinese translator as the dominant role or with the western translator as the dominant role should also be advocated, as both can contribute to the trans-cultural communication.
The collaborative translation model between Chinese scholars and western translators,which can reduce cultural mis-interpretation, shorten translation periods, enhance readability and thus improve acceptability of translations in the English-speaking countries,can be the most ideal way to translating Chinese classical poetry into English. In the translation history,all the three typical collaborative translation models,collaboration between the Chinese scholar and the Western poet,collaboration among the Chinese scholar,the sinologist and the poet,and collaboration between the Chinese scholar and the sinologist poet,belong to the model with the western translators as the dominate role. However,the past experience can not suffice to determine today's selection of translation subjects. Therefore,in the context of Chinese literature "going-out",the collaborative translation model either with the Chinese translator as the dominant role or with the western translator as the dominant role should also be advocated, as both can contribute to the trans-cultural communication.
引文
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[2] BAKER M. Routledge encyclopedia of translation[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign language Education Press,2004.
[3]孔慧怡.翻译·文学·文化[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[4]廖七一.当代英国翻译理论[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2004.
[5]周红民.中国古典诗歌翻译:究竟为谁而译?———从诗译批评说起[J].外语研究,2014(4):83-87.
[6]朱徽.中国诗歌在英语世界———英美译家汉诗翻译研究[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2009.
[7]马祖毅,任荣珍.汉籍外译史[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社,2003.
[8]王志勤,谢天振.中国文学文化走出去:问题与反思[J].学术月刊,2013(2):21-27.
[9]袁锦翔.论中外人士合译———兼谈文献中译外[J].外语教学与研究,1989(3):53-58.
[10]王建开.母语者还是外语者:中国文学对外传播的译者资格之争———兼谈高校英语教师的能力转型[J].外国语文,2016(3):80-88.
[11]胡安江.中国文学“走出去”之译者模式及翻译策略研究———以美国汉学家葛浩文为例[J].中国翻译,2010(6):10-16.
[12]谢天振.中国文学走出去:问题与实质[J].中国比较文学,2014(1):1-10.
[13] BASSNETT S,LEFEVERE A. Translation,history and culture[M]. London:Cassell,1990.
[14]吕杰,张波,袁浩川.传播学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[15]孔慧怡.中国翻译传统的几个特征[C]//孔慧怡,杨承淑.亚洲翻译传统与现代动向.北京:北京大学出社,2000.
[16]汪佩伟.江亢虎卷[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.
[17]耿强.江亢虎与唐诗《群玉山头》的译介[J].东方翻译,2015(1):35-41.
[18]赵毅衡.诗神远游———中国如何改变了美国现代诗[M].成都:四川文艺出版社,2013.
[19]钟玲.美国诗与中国梦[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2003.
[20]王东风.中国典籍走向世界———谁来翻译?———有感于霍译《红楼梦》汉英对照本的出版[J].汉语语言文学研究,2014(1):7-11.
[21]郑燕虹.风筝之线———评王红公、钟玲翻译的李清照诗词[J].外语学刊,2011(3):125-129.
[22]许渊冲.中国经典外译只能靠汉学家吗?[J].国际汉学,2017(3):5-9.
[23]黄蔷.中国政治术语的语言特征及英译策略研究[J].重庆理工大学学报(社会科学),2017(3):119-124.
[24]刘珍珍.译者宗教意识形态与《西游记》译介中的文本重塑[J].中国翻译,2017(3):41-46.