不同育秧方式对水稻秧苗素质、栽插质量和产量的影响
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摘要
以丰两优1号为材料,对比研究了规格化育秧和大田泥浆育秧两种育秧方式对水稻秧苗素质、栽插质量和产量的影响。结果表明,大田泥浆育秧的秧苗素质好于规格化育秧,但秧苗插前均匀度合格率低于规格化育秧;规格化育秧栽插质量高于大田泥浆育秧,表现为其伤秧率和漏秧率明显低于大田泥浆育秧,均匀度合格率和作业效率高于大田泥浆育秧;产量方面,规格化育秧的水稻理论产量和实际产量均高于大田泥浆育秧,差异显著,主要是因为规格化育秧的有效穗数明显高于大田泥浆育秧。
In order to provide a theoretical basis and technological support for choosing the suitable seedling raising method for rice,an experiment was conducted to study the effects of standardized seedling raising and field mud seedling raising on seedling quality,transplanting performance and yield of rice using Fengliangyou 1 as material. The results showed that the field mud seedling raising method resulted in better seedling quality but lower seedling evenness compared with the standardized seedling raising method. The standardized seedling raising method displayed better transplanting performance, such as lower rate of injury seedling and missing seedling, and higher evenness and efficiency. Due to higher effective panicles, the yield of standardized seedling raising method was significantly higher than that of the field mud seedling raising method.
In order to provide a theoretical basis and technological support for choosing the suitable seedling raising method for rice,an experiment was conducted to study the effects of standardized seedling raising and field mud seedling raising on seedling quality,transplanting performance and yield of rice using Fengliangyou 1 as material. The results showed that the field mud seedling raising method resulted in better seedling quality but lower seedling evenness compared with the standardized seedling raising method. The standardized seedling raising method displayed better transplanting performance, such as lower rate of injury seedling and missing seedling, and higher evenness and efficiency. Due to higher effective panicles, the yield of standardized seedling raising method was significantly higher than that of the field mud seedling raising method.
引文
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[4]赵永亮,梁宝忠,唐华晴,等.水稻不同种植方式的比较试验[J].农机化研究,2014,36(8):149-152.
[5]郑瑞强,王树柏.水稻生产全程机械化发展思路探讨[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(2):7-10.
[6]李杰,杨洪建,邓建平,等.对加快推进江苏省水稻机插秧发展的思考[J].中国稻米,2014,20(1):32-35.
[7]刘秋员,宋晓华,段斌,等.不同育秧方式对水稻秧苗素质及产量性状的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):144-146.
[8]孙如银,吴文革,陈刚,等.不同育秧方式对机插中籼水稻秧苗素质和产量性状的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(4):1 024-1 026.
[9]刘华,刘科美,袁文斌,等.水稻不同育秧方式对生育期及产量的影响[J].中国农技推广,2005(1):25-26.
[10]农业部农业机械化管理司. 2015年全国农业机械化统计年报[R].北京:农业部农业机械化管理司,2016.
[11]张晓山.基质规模化机械化水稻育秧技术分析[J].农业装备技术,2015,41(6):22-23.
[12]农业部农业机械化管理司. 2016年全国农业机械化统计年报[R].北京:农业部农业机械化管理司,2017.
[13]张洪程,郭保卫,龚金龙.加快发展水稻丰产栽培机械化稳步提升我国稻作现代化水平[J].中国稻米,2013,19(1):3-6.
[14]白人朴.关于水稻生产机械化技术路线选择的几个问题[J].中国农机化,2011,32(1):15-18.
[15]白人朴.加快解决水稻种植机械化瓶颈制约的思考[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(12):1-5.
[16]李泽华,马旭,李秀昊,等.水稻栽植机械化技术研究进展[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(5):1-20.