卫星遥感技术在吉林旱涝灾害监测与评估中的应用
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摘要
基于NOAA、EOS/MODIS、HJ-1A多源卫星数据,利用植被供水指数、水体指数,对吉林省2015年伏旱、2017年7月暴雨洪涝灾害进行遥感监测和精细化定量评估分析。结果表明:(1) 2015年7月吉林省中西部旱情逐步发展; 8月初,各县(市)旱田均有不同程度的干旱发生,重度干旱面积小,轻度干旱面积大,中度干旱次之。其中农安县受旱最重,其次为九台市和通榆县,利用实地调查点观测数据进行检验得出干旱监测的准确率达79%。(2) 2017年7月13日、19日暴雨过后,永吉县境内的河流河段明显增宽、水库面积明显增大,新增水域面积较多的为一拉溪镇、万昌镇、口前镇,水淹旱田面积较多的为口前镇、一拉溪镇、西阳镇。
Based on the NOAA,EOS/MODIS,and HJ-1 A multi-source satellite data,the remote sensing monitoring and quantitative assessment of summer drought in 2015 and storm floods in July 2017 in Jilin Province were conducted by using the vegetation water supply index and water body index. The meteorological observation data and field survey data were used to verify its correctness. The results are as follows:( 1) The drought developed gradually in western Jilin Province in July 2015. In early August,fields of counties( cities) in the central and western regions of Jilin Province all occurred drought with different degrees. The area of severe drought was small,while that of mild drought was large,followed by that of moderate drought. Among the counties( cities),Nongan County suffered the heaviest drought,followed by Jiutai City and Tongyu County. Drought monitoring accuracy reached 79% by using observed data from investigation site.( 2) Flood disaster occurred in Yongji County after heavy rains on 13,19 July,2017. The width of Yinma river,Chalu river,Wende river,Aolong river increased significantly. The area of Shitoukoumen reservoir and Xingxingshao reservoir also increased obviously. The area of water flooded farmland mainly distributed in the Kouqian,Yilaxi,Xiyang and Beidahu town.
Based on the NOAA,EOS/MODIS,and HJ-1 A multi-source satellite data,the remote sensing monitoring and quantitative assessment of summer drought in 2015 and storm floods in July 2017 in Jilin Province were conducted by using the vegetation water supply index and water body index. The meteorological observation data and field survey data were used to verify its correctness. The results are as follows:( 1) The drought developed gradually in western Jilin Province in July 2015. In early August,fields of counties( cities) in the central and western regions of Jilin Province all occurred drought with different degrees. The area of severe drought was small,while that of mild drought was large,followed by that of moderate drought. Among the counties( cities),Nongan County suffered the heaviest drought,followed by Jiutai City and Tongyu County. Drought monitoring accuracy reached 79% by using observed data from investigation site.( 2) Flood disaster occurred in Yongji County after heavy rains on 13,19 July,2017. The width of Yinma river,Chalu river,Wende river,Aolong river increased significantly. The area of Shitoukoumen reservoir and Xingxingshao reservoir also increased obviously. The area of water flooded farmland mainly distributed in the Kouqian,Yilaxi,Xiyang and Beidahu town.
引文
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[13]郭铌,王小平.遥感干旱应用技术进展及面临的技术问题与发展机遇[J].干旱气象,2015,33(1):1-18.
[14]李加林,曹罗丹,浦瑞良.洪涝灾害遥感监测评估研究综述[J].水利学报,2014,45(3):253-260.
[15]梁益同,刘可群,周守华,等. EOS-MODIS数据监测暴雨洪涝灾害的技术方法[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(1):64-67.
[16]李海亮,汪秀华,罗红霞,等.基于HJ-1A/1BCCD数据的海南岛水体提取研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):149-154.
[17]杨世琦,高阳华,易佳.干旱遥感监测方法研究进展[J].高原山地气象研究,2010,30(2):75-78.
[18]张顺谦,冯建东.四川盛夏伏旱的MODIS遥感监测方法[J].高原山地气象研究,2012,32(1):51-55.
[19]梁雨华.吉林省西部旱涝灾害的动态变化及驱动力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(6):74-78.
[20]刘吉平,吕宪国,吴正方.吉林省旱涝灾害地域组合规律的动态变化[J].中国农业气象,2004,25(2):5-8.
[2]温奇,李苓苓,马玉玲,等.旱灾遥感预警监测评估技术———以2011年长江中下游旱灾为例[J].灾害学,2013,28(2):51-54.
[3]杨丽萍,乌日娜,闫伟兄.利用植被供水指数法监测干旱的研究[J].干旱环境监测,2007,21(4):226-239.
[4]莫伟华,王振会,孙涵,等.基于植被供水指数的农田干旱遥感监测研究[J].南京气象学院学报,2006,29(3):396-401.
[5]梁芸,张峰,韩涛.利用EOS/MODIS植被供水指数监测庆阳地区的土壤湿度[J].干旱气象,2007,25(1):44-47.
[6]潘卫华,陈家金,陈惠,等.基于MODIS数据的福建省干旱遥感动态监测分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(4):1015-1019.
[7]王健,仝纪龙,肖贻青,等.东亚典型干旱、半干旱区夏季感热通量的年代际变化特征[J].干旱气象,2018,36(2):203-211.
[8]刘凯,孙丽,孙海玥,等.基于风云微波数据的中国冬小麦区干旱监测研究[J].干旱气象,2017,35(6):918-925.
[9]闫娜,杜继稳,李登科,等.干旱遥感监测方法研究应用进展[J].灾害学,2008,23(4):117-121.
[10]王丽娟,郭铌,沙莎,等.混合像元对遥感干旱指数监测能力的影响[J].干旱气象,2016,34(5):772-778.
[11]黄永璘,农民强,孙涵.基于FY-3A/MERSI的洪涝灾害遥感监测初探[J].气象研究与应用,2009,30(2):59-61.
[12]李香颜,陈怀亮,李有.洪水灾害卫星遥感监测与评估研究综述[J].中国农业气象,2009,30(1):102-108.
[13]郭铌,王小平.遥感干旱应用技术进展及面临的技术问题与发展机遇[J].干旱气象,2015,33(1):1-18.
[14]李加林,曹罗丹,浦瑞良.洪涝灾害遥感监测评估研究综述[J].水利学报,2014,45(3):253-260.
[15]梁益同,刘可群,周守华,等. EOS-MODIS数据监测暴雨洪涝灾害的技术方法[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(1):64-67.
[16]李海亮,汪秀华,罗红霞,等.基于HJ-1A/1BCCD数据的海南岛水体提取研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):149-154.
[17]杨世琦,高阳华,易佳.干旱遥感监测方法研究进展[J].高原山地气象研究,2010,30(2):75-78.
[18]张顺谦,冯建东.四川盛夏伏旱的MODIS遥感监测方法[J].高原山地气象研究,2012,32(1):51-55.
[19]梁雨华.吉林省西部旱涝灾害的动态变化及驱动力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(6):74-78.
[20]刘吉平,吕宪国,吴正方.吉林省旱涝灾害地域组合规律的动态变化[J].中国农业气象,2004,25(2):5-8.