内蒙古灌木植物多样性及其区系分析
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摘要
植物区系研究对于揭示一定区域的植物起源与演化机制具有重要意义,也可为植物多样性保护和植物资源利用提供科学依据.本研究对内蒙古地区灌木植物区系的组成和地理分布特征进行了统计分析,研究结果表明,内蒙古地区有灌木植物39科116属345种;其生活型有灌木、半灌木等,水分生态型有湿生灌木、中生灌木、旱生灌木等.该地区植物区系地理成分复杂,其中植物科以世界广布为主,属则以温带分布为主,分别占48.7%、20.9%;受内蒙古地区的地理位置和温带气候环境的影响,其灌木植物区系具有多元起源的特点.
The study on flora is of great significance to reveal the origin and evolution mechanism of plants in a region. It can provide scientific basis for the protection of plant diversity and the utilization of plant resources. The composition and geographical distribution of shrub flora in Inner Mongolia were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that there were 345 species of shrub plants belonging to 116 genera and 39 families in Inner Mongolia. The life forms of plants were divided into shrubs and semi-shrubs, and the water ecotypes were wet shrubs, mesophytic shrubs and xerophytic shrubs. The floristic geographic components of shrub plants in Inner Mongolia was complex, in which the cosmopolitan element in plant families and the temperate elements in plant genus was predominant in the flora of shrub plants, accounting for 48.7% and 20.9% respectively. The shrub flora in Inner Mongolia has the characteristics of multiple origins, which is closely related to the geographical location and temperate climate environment in Inner Mongolia.
The study on flora is of great significance to reveal the origin and evolution mechanism of plants in a region. It can provide scientific basis for the protection of plant diversity and the utilization of plant resources. The composition and geographical distribution of shrub flora in Inner Mongolia were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that there were 345 species of shrub plants belonging to 116 genera and 39 families in Inner Mongolia. The life forms of plants were divided into shrubs and semi-shrubs, and the water ecotypes were wet shrubs, mesophytic shrubs and xerophytic shrubs. The floristic geographic components of shrub plants in Inner Mongolia was complex, in which the cosmopolitan element in plant families and the temperate elements in plant genus was predominant in the flora of shrub plants, accounting for 48.7% and 20.9% respectively. The shrub flora in Inner Mongolia has the characteristics of multiple origins, which is closely related to the geographical location and temperate climate environment in Inner Mongolia.
引文
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[24] 李新荣. 试论鄂尔多斯高原灌木多样性的若干特点[J]. 资源科学,2000,22(3): 54- 59.
[25] 孙航,邓涛,陈永生,等. 植物区系地理研究现状及发展趋势. 生物多样性,2017, 25(2):111-122
[26] 李嵘, 孙航. 植物系统发育区系地理学研究:以云南植物区系为例[J]. 生物多样性,2017, 25(2): 195-203.
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[29] 中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所. 中国沙漠植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985.
[2] 王荷生.植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[3] 吴征镒,孙航,周浙昆,等.中国种子植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[4] 左家甫,傅德志,彭代文. 植物区系的数值分析[M]. 合肥:中国科学技术出版社,1996.
[5] EISERHARDT WL, SVENNING JC, BAKER WJ, Couvreur TLP, Henrik B. Dispersal and niche evolution jointly shape the geographic turnover of phylogenetic clades across continents[J]. Scientific Reports, 2013,(3): 1164.
[6] NYLANDER JAA, OLSSON U, ALSTR?M P, SANMARTíN I. Accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty in biogeography: a Bayesian approach to dispersal-vicariance analysis of the thrushes (Aves: Turdus)[J]. Systematic Biology, 2008(57): 257-268.
[7] RICKLEFS RE. Estimating diversification rates from phylogenetic information[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2007,(22): 601-610.
[8] WIENS JJ, PARRA-OLEA G, GARCIA-PARIS MM, WAKE DB. Phylogenetic history underlies elevational biodiversity patterns in tropical salamanders[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007,(274), 919-928.
[9] ZHANG ML, XUE JJ, ZHANG Q, Sanderson SC. Inferring ancestral distribution area and survival vegetation of Caragana (Fabaceae) in Neogene[J]. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2015,(301), 1831-1842.
[10] 吴征镒,周浙昆,孙航,等.种子植物分布区类型及其起源和分化[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2006.
[11] 张明理.中国西北干旱区和中亚植物区系地理研究[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(2):147-155.
[12] ZHANG XY, HU YF, ZHUANG DF, et al. NDVI spatial pattern and its differentiation on the Mongolian Plateau[J]. Journa of Geographical Sciences. 2009, (19): 403-415.
[13] 刘果厚. 内蒙古木本植物区系的研究[J]. 内蒙古林学院学报(自然科学版),1998,20(3):97-104.
[14] 刘显芝, 胡克霞, 葛秀成,等. 呼伦贝尔植物区系组成及植被特征[J]. 草业学报, 1994,3(4): 32-40.
[15] 岳秀贤,袁帅,马少薇,等. 蒙古高原种子植物属的区系地理分析[J]. 草地学报,2018, 26(2): 312-320.
[16] 朱宗元, 马毓泉, 刘钟龄, 等. 阿拉善-鄂尔多斯生物多样性中心的特有植物和植物区系的性质[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 1999, 13(2): 1-16.
[17] 燕玲, 宛涛, 刘军. 阿拉善荒漠区特有植物与特征植物花粉形态的研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 1999, 13(2): 33-40.
[18] 张镱锂. 内蒙古额济纳旗植物区系地理研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 1997, 14(3): 23-32.
[19] 赵淑文,燕玲. 阿拉善荒漠区种子植物区系特征分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境. 2008, 22(11): 167-174.
[20] 赵一之. 蒙古高原植物的特有属及其基本特征[J]. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),1997, 28(4): 547-552.
[21] 赵一之, 朱宗元. 亚洲中部荒漠区的植物特有属[J]. 云南植物研究, 2003, 25(2): 113-121.
[22] 谢振光. 内蒙古大兴安岭北部原始林区植物区系及区系地理成分研究[J]. 林业资源管理, 2017,(2):88-92
[23] 岳秀贤, 刘果厚, 刘慧娟, 等. 锡林郭勒荒漠草地种子植物区系研究[J].干旱区研究, 2011, 28 (4):643-648
[24] 李新荣. 试论鄂尔多斯高原灌木多样性的若干特点[J]. 资源科学,2000,22(3): 54- 59.
[25] 孙航,邓涛,陈永生,等. 植物区系地理研究现状及发展趋势. 生物多样性,2017, 25(2):111-122
[26] 李嵘, 孙航. 植物系统发育区系地理学研究:以云南植物区系为例[J]. 生物多样性,2017, 25(2): 195-203.
[27] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004.
[28] 内蒙古植物志编辑委员会. 内蒙古植物志[M]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古人民出版社, 1998.
[29] 中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所. 中国沙漠植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985.