有机高分子材料添加对沼渣颗粒肥理化特性的影响
|
摘要
采用造粒方法,将羟乙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇及羧甲基纤维素钠4种有机高分子材料应用到沼渣颗粒造粒中,测定沼渣颗粒肥的粒径、成球率、颗粒强度、吸水率以及保水率等指标,研究有机粘结剂的种类及其含量对沼渣颗粒肥的影响规律。结果表明:沼渣颗粒成球率方面,聚乙烯醇作为粘结材料其质量分数为9.09%时,制备的牛粪沼渣颗粒肥造粒成球率达到82.31%。在沼渣颗粒强度方面,羟乙基纤维素质量分数为6.25%时制备的肥料颗粒最低强度为6.3N;聚乙烯醇质量分数为9.09%时,沼渣肥料颗粒强度可以达到90.3N。在沼渣颗粒肥吸水方面,牛粪沼渣颗粒肥的吸水能力与有机粘结材料的质量分数呈正相关关系。沼渣颗粒肥崩解时间试验显示,羟乙基纤维素适用于制备速效沼渣颗粒肥料,聚乙烯醇适用于制备缓释沼渣颗粒肥料。
By using granulation method,four kinds of organic polymer materials,e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,polyvinyl alcohol,and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are applied to the granulation of biogas residue.The indexes including particle size,balling rate,particle strength,water absorption,and water retention rate of biogas slurry fertilizer are measured to study the effect of the type and content of organic binder on the biogas residue granular fertilizer.The results show that:In terms of pelleting rate of biogas residue particles,when the mass fraction of PVA as a binder is 9.09%,the prepared pellets of cow manure biogas residue are pelletized to a balling rate of 82.31%.In terms of biogas residue particle strength,the minimum strength of fertilizer particles prepared when hydroxyethyl cellulose mass fraction is 6.25%is 6.3 N.When the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9.09%,the particle strength of biogas residue fertilizer can reach 90.3 N;In terms of water absorbent of granular fertilizer biogas,the water absorption capacity of granular fertilizer is positively correlating with its mass fraction in the granules.The disintegration time test of biogas residue granular fertilizer shows that hydroxyethyl cellulose is suitable for the preparation of fast-acting biogas residue granular fertilizer,and polyvinyl alcohol is suitable for the preparation of slowrelease biogas residue granular fertilizer.
By using granulation method,four kinds of organic polymer materials,e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,polyvinyl alcohol,and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are applied to the granulation of biogas residue.The indexes including particle size,balling rate,particle strength,water absorption,and water retention rate of biogas slurry fertilizer are measured to study the effect of the type and content of organic binder on the biogas residue granular fertilizer.The results show that:In terms of pelleting rate of biogas residue particles,when the mass fraction of PVA as a binder is 9.09%,the prepared pellets of cow manure biogas residue are pelletized to a balling rate of 82.31%.In terms of biogas residue particle strength,the minimum strength of fertilizer particles prepared when hydroxyethyl cellulose mass fraction is 6.25%is 6.3 N.When the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9.09%,the particle strength of biogas residue fertilizer can reach 90.3 N;In terms of water absorbent of granular fertilizer biogas,the water absorption capacity of granular fertilizer is positively correlating with its mass fraction in the granules.The disintegration time test of biogas residue granular fertilizer shows that hydroxyethyl cellulose is suitable for the preparation of fast-acting biogas residue granular fertilizer,and polyvinyl alcohol is suitable for the preparation of slowrelease biogas residue granular fertilizer.
引文
[1]王春国,李砚飞,张俊锋,杨俊芬,袁彩霞,姚晓莉,刘广.基于秸秆沼液的含腐植酸水溶肥料的开发与研[J].农业开发与装备,2016(5):59Wang C G,Li Y F,Zhang J F,Yang J F,Yuan C X,Yao X L,Liu G.Development and research of humic acid-soluble fertilizer based on straw biogas slurry[J].Agricultural Development&Equipments,2016(5):59(in Chinese)
[2]董志新,卜玉山,续珍,刘秀珍,刘奋武,张吴平.沼气肥养分物质和重金属含量差异及安全农用分析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(3):105-110Dong Z X,Bu Y S,Xu Z,Liu X Z.The difference and safe agroapplication analysis of nutrients and heavy metals contents in biogas fertilizers[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2015(3):105-110(in Chinese)
[3]Puttaso A,Vityakon P,Rasche F,Saenjan P,Treloges V,Cadisch G.Does organic residue quality influence carbon retention in a tropical sandy soil[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2013,77(3):1001-1011
[4]武志杰,张海军,许广山,张玉华,刘春萍.玉米秸秆还田培肥土壤的效果[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(5):539-542Wu Z J,Zhang H J,Xu G S,Zhang Y H,Liu C P.Effect of returning corn straw into soil on soil fertility[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(5):539-542(in Chinese)
[5]候晓静,肖习明,杨永成,徐维明,周建华,李丽.利用农业废弃物资源改良中低产田效果[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(23):89-91Hou X J,Xiao X M,Yang Y C,Xu W M,Zhou J H,Li L.Effects of agricultural residue on middle-low yield field[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(23):89-91(in Chinese)
[6]卢怡,苏有勇.沼肥对大棚芹菜生长影响的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):2143-2145Lu Y,Su Y Y.Research on effects of biogas fertilizer on growth of celery in greenhouse[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(4):2143-2145(in Chinese)
[7]龙攀,隋鹏,高旺盛,王彬彬,严玲玲,邢源,陈源泉.不同有机物料还田对农田土壤有机碳以及微生物量碳的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(3):153-160Long P,Sui P,Gao W S,Wang B B,Yan L L,Xing Y,Chen YQ.Effects of agricultural organic wastes incorporation on soil organic carbon and microbial carbon[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(3):153-160(in Chinese)
[8]贾良肖,赵升吨,李省,王月虎.有机肥造粒方式及设备传动方式的合理性探讨[J].现代农业科技,2014(2):222-225Jia L X,Zhao S D,Li S,Wang Y H.The rational discussion of organic fertilizer granulation method and equipment transmission way[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(2):222-225(in Chinese)
[9]郭晋瑜.肥料成粒相关影响因素的研究[D].临汾:山西师范大学,2015Guo J Y.The study of relevant factors on fertilizer granulation[D].Lin Fen:Shanxi Normal University,2015(in Chinese)
[10]陈荣平,李海涛.助剂对复混肥成球及其强度的影响[J].化学工业与工程技术,2001,22(5):12-13Chen R P,Li H T.Influences of aids on the balling and mechanical strength of compound fertilizer[J].Journal of Chemical Industry&Engineering,2001,22(5):12-13(in Chinese)
[11]Qiu G Z,Jiang T,Fa K Q,Zhu D Q,Wang D Z.Interfacial characterizations of iron ore concentrates affected by binders[J].Powder Technology,2004,139(1):1-6
[12]Zhu R Z,Cui S W,Wang X S.Theoretical foundation of Zisman’s empirical equation for wetting of liquids on solid surfaces[J].European Journal of Physics,2010,31(2):251-256
[13]李瑾丽,冯启明.膨润土等几种多孔矿物/尿素缓释肥缓释效果比较研究[J].非金属矿,2008,31(3):40-41Li J L,Feng Q M.Comparative research on slow-release effect of slow-release fertilizers of porous mineral/urea[J].NonMetallic Mines,2008,31(3):40-41(in Chinese)
[14]韩桂洪.腐植酸基铁矿球团粘结剂的构效关系研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2013Han G H.Relationship between structure and performance of humic substances based binder for iron ore pellets[D].Chang Sha:Central South University,2013(in Chinese)
[15]阴继翔.粘结剂对球团性能的影响分析[J].太原理工大学学报,2000,31(5):556-558Yin J X.Analysis of effect of binders on pelletizing properties[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2000,31(5):556-558(in Chinese)
[16]李宏煦,王淀佐,胡岳华,邱冠周,姜涛.羧甲基淀粉钠提高球团强度的机理[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2001,32(4):351-354Li H X,Wang D Z,Hu Y H,Qiu G Z.The mechanism of improving pellet strength by carboxyl methlated amylum[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology:Natural Science,2001,32(4):351-354(in Chinese)
[17]赵明,邵自强,敖玲玲.羟乙基纤维素的性能、应用与市场现状[J].纤维素科学与技术,2013,21(2):70-78Zhao M,Shao Z Q,AO L L.Performance,application and market status of hydroxyethyl cellulose[J].Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology,2013,21(2):70-78(in Chinese)
[18]李彦明,刘晓霞,李国学,魏远.淀粉粘结剂在有机复混肥造粒中的应用[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(3):29-31Li Y M,Liu X X,Li G X,Wei Y.Application of starch adhesive in organic compound fertilizer granulation[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2007,15(3):29-31(in Chinese)
[19]董锐,马磊,邵荣,郭海滨,云志.聚乙烯醇-羟乙基纤维素共混膜的制备及性能[J].塑料,2011,40(6):83-86Dong R,Ma L,Shao R,Guo H B,Yun Z.Preparation and performance of hydroxyethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol blend membranes[J].Plastics,2011,40(6):83-86(in Chinese)
[20]费玉元.羟丙甲基纤维素的合成工艺的改进研究[J].当代化工,2015,44(1):51-52Fei Y Y.Research on improvement of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose synthesis process[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2015,44(1):51-52(in Chinese)
[21]钱宗云,袁军.羟丙甲基纤维素在上感颗粒剂中的应用[J].实用医技杂志,2004,11(7):889Qian Z Y,Yuan J.The application of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose on a sense of granules[J].Journal of Practical Medical Techniques,2004,11(7):889(in Chinese)
[22]邵博.羧甲基纤维素:甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成及应用[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2008Shao B.Synthesis and applieation of carboxymethyleellulose:methyl methacrylate graft copolymers:CMC-g-PMMA[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2008(in Chinese)
[23]聂华荣,柳明珠.羧甲基纤维素钠水凝胶的制备及其生物降解性研究[J].功能高分子学报,2003,16(4):553-556Nie H R,Liu M Z.Preparation and bio-degradation properties of hydrogel from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose[J].Journal of Functional Polymers,2003,16(4):553-556(in Chinese)
[24]陈崇,陈祥迎,谢东华.基于羧甲基纤维素钠制备氮掺杂多孔炭及其电容性能研究[J].物理化学学报,2013,29(1):102-110Chen C,Chen X Y,Xie D H.Synthesis of nitrogen doped porous carbons from odium carboxymethyl cellulose and the capacitive performance[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2013,29(1):102-110(in Chinese)
[25]李玉芳,李明.聚乙烯醇的生产及国内外市场分析[J].化学工业,2010,28(4):32-35,43Li Y F,Li M.Production technology and market analysis of polyvinyl alcohol worldwide[J].Chemical Industry,2010,28(4):32-35,43(in Chinese)
[26]Ozaki S K,Monteiro M B B,Yano H,Imamura Y,Souza M F.Biodegradable composites from waste wood and poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2005,87(2):293-299
[27]李彦明,李国学,王丽莉,李浩宇,王雪.淀粉黏结剂对颗粒有机复混肥养分释放的影响[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(10):113-117Li Y M,Li G X,Wang L L,Li H Y,Wang X.Effect of starch adhesive on nutrient release of organic compound granulated fertilizer[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(10):113-117(in Chinese)
[28]范远,戈甜,梁鹏翔,李咏玲,程芳琴,薛占金.镁渣包膜肥的制备及其缓释性能[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(12):7209-7216Fan Y,Ge T,Liang P X,Li Y L,Cheng F Q,Xue Z J.Preparation of coated fertilizer by magnesium slag and its slow release properties[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(12):7209-7216(in Chinese)
[29]Bardin M,Knight P C,Seville J P K.On control of particle size distribution in granulation using high-shear mixers[J].Powder Technology,2004,140(3):169-175
[30]王宇欣,王越,刘志丹.沼渣制备有机-无机颗粒肥物料的造粒工艺特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(1):200-206Wang Y X,Wang Y,Liu Z D.Characteristics of granulation technology of organic-inorganic granular-fertilizers by biohythane residue[J].Transactions of Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):200-206(in Chinese)
[2]董志新,卜玉山,续珍,刘秀珍,刘奋武,张吴平.沼气肥养分物质和重金属含量差异及安全农用分析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(3):105-110Dong Z X,Bu Y S,Xu Z,Liu X Z.The difference and safe agroapplication analysis of nutrients and heavy metals contents in biogas fertilizers[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2015(3):105-110(in Chinese)
[3]Puttaso A,Vityakon P,Rasche F,Saenjan P,Treloges V,Cadisch G.Does organic residue quality influence carbon retention in a tropical sandy soil[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2013,77(3):1001-1011
[4]武志杰,张海军,许广山,张玉华,刘春萍.玉米秸秆还田培肥土壤的效果[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(5):539-542Wu Z J,Zhang H J,Xu G S,Zhang Y H,Liu C P.Effect of returning corn straw into soil on soil fertility[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(5):539-542(in Chinese)
[5]候晓静,肖习明,杨永成,徐维明,周建华,李丽.利用农业废弃物资源改良中低产田效果[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(23):89-91Hou X J,Xiao X M,Yang Y C,Xu W M,Zhou J H,Li L.Effects of agricultural residue on middle-low yield field[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(23):89-91(in Chinese)
[6]卢怡,苏有勇.沼肥对大棚芹菜生长影响的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):2143-2145Lu Y,Su Y Y.Research on effects of biogas fertilizer on growth of celery in greenhouse[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(4):2143-2145(in Chinese)
[7]龙攀,隋鹏,高旺盛,王彬彬,严玲玲,邢源,陈源泉.不同有机物料还田对农田土壤有机碳以及微生物量碳的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(3):153-160Long P,Sui P,Gao W S,Wang B B,Yan L L,Xing Y,Chen YQ.Effects of agricultural organic wastes incorporation on soil organic carbon and microbial carbon[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(3):153-160(in Chinese)
[8]贾良肖,赵升吨,李省,王月虎.有机肥造粒方式及设备传动方式的合理性探讨[J].现代农业科技,2014(2):222-225Jia L X,Zhao S D,Li S,Wang Y H.The rational discussion of organic fertilizer granulation method and equipment transmission way[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(2):222-225(in Chinese)
[9]郭晋瑜.肥料成粒相关影响因素的研究[D].临汾:山西师范大学,2015Guo J Y.The study of relevant factors on fertilizer granulation[D].Lin Fen:Shanxi Normal University,2015(in Chinese)
[10]陈荣平,李海涛.助剂对复混肥成球及其强度的影响[J].化学工业与工程技术,2001,22(5):12-13Chen R P,Li H T.Influences of aids on the balling and mechanical strength of compound fertilizer[J].Journal of Chemical Industry&Engineering,2001,22(5):12-13(in Chinese)
[11]Qiu G Z,Jiang T,Fa K Q,Zhu D Q,Wang D Z.Interfacial characterizations of iron ore concentrates affected by binders[J].Powder Technology,2004,139(1):1-6
[12]Zhu R Z,Cui S W,Wang X S.Theoretical foundation of Zisman’s empirical equation for wetting of liquids on solid surfaces[J].European Journal of Physics,2010,31(2):251-256
[13]李瑾丽,冯启明.膨润土等几种多孔矿物/尿素缓释肥缓释效果比较研究[J].非金属矿,2008,31(3):40-41Li J L,Feng Q M.Comparative research on slow-release effect of slow-release fertilizers of porous mineral/urea[J].NonMetallic Mines,2008,31(3):40-41(in Chinese)
[14]韩桂洪.腐植酸基铁矿球团粘结剂的构效关系研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2013Han G H.Relationship between structure and performance of humic substances based binder for iron ore pellets[D].Chang Sha:Central South University,2013(in Chinese)
[15]阴继翔.粘结剂对球团性能的影响分析[J].太原理工大学学报,2000,31(5):556-558Yin J X.Analysis of effect of binders on pelletizing properties[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2000,31(5):556-558(in Chinese)
[16]李宏煦,王淀佐,胡岳华,邱冠周,姜涛.羧甲基淀粉钠提高球团强度的机理[J].中南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2001,32(4):351-354Li H X,Wang D Z,Hu Y H,Qiu G Z.The mechanism of improving pellet strength by carboxyl methlated amylum[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology:Natural Science,2001,32(4):351-354(in Chinese)
[17]赵明,邵自强,敖玲玲.羟乙基纤维素的性能、应用与市场现状[J].纤维素科学与技术,2013,21(2):70-78Zhao M,Shao Z Q,AO L L.Performance,application and market status of hydroxyethyl cellulose[J].Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology,2013,21(2):70-78(in Chinese)
[18]李彦明,刘晓霞,李国学,魏远.淀粉粘结剂在有机复混肥造粒中的应用[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(3):29-31Li Y M,Liu X X,Li G X,Wei Y.Application of starch adhesive in organic compound fertilizer granulation[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2007,15(3):29-31(in Chinese)
[19]董锐,马磊,邵荣,郭海滨,云志.聚乙烯醇-羟乙基纤维素共混膜的制备及性能[J].塑料,2011,40(6):83-86Dong R,Ma L,Shao R,Guo H B,Yun Z.Preparation and performance of hydroxyethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol blend membranes[J].Plastics,2011,40(6):83-86(in Chinese)
[20]费玉元.羟丙甲基纤维素的合成工艺的改进研究[J].当代化工,2015,44(1):51-52Fei Y Y.Research on improvement of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose synthesis process[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2015,44(1):51-52(in Chinese)
[21]钱宗云,袁军.羟丙甲基纤维素在上感颗粒剂中的应用[J].实用医技杂志,2004,11(7):889Qian Z Y,Yuan J.The application of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose on a sense of granules[J].Journal of Practical Medical Techniques,2004,11(7):889(in Chinese)
[22]邵博.羧甲基纤维素:甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成及应用[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2008Shao B.Synthesis and applieation of carboxymethyleellulose:methyl methacrylate graft copolymers:CMC-g-PMMA[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2008(in Chinese)
[23]聂华荣,柳明珠.羧甲基纤维素钠水凝胶的制备及其生物降解性研究[J].功能高分子学报,2003,16(4):553-556Nie H R,Liu M Z.Preparation and bio-degradation properties of hydrogel from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose[J].Journal of Functional Polymers,2003,16(4):553-556(in Chinese)
[24]陈崇,陈祥迎,谢东华.基于羧甲基纤维素钠制备氮掺杂多孔炭及其电容性能研究[J].物理化学学报,2013,29(1):102-110Chen C,Chen X Y,Xie D H.Synthesis of nitrogen doped porous carbons from odium carboxymethyl cellulose and the capacitive performance[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2013,29(1):102-110(in Chinese)
[25]李玉芳,李明.聚乙烯醇的生产及国内外市场分析[J].化学工业,2010,28(4):32-35,43Li Y F,Li M.Production technology and market analysis of polyvinyl alcohol worldwide[J].Chemical Industry,2010,28(4):32-35,43(in Chinese)
[26]Ozaki S K,Monteiro M B B,Yano H,Imamura Y,Souza M F.Biodegradable composites from waste wood and poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2005,87(2):293-299
[27]李彦明,李国学,王丽莉,李浩宇,王雪.淀粉黏结剂对颗粒有机复混肥养分释放的影响[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(10):113-117Li Y M,Li G X,Wang L L,Li H Y,Wang X.Effect of starch adhesive on nutrient release of organic compound granulated fertilizer[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(10):113-117(in Chinese)
[28]范远,戈甜,梁鹏翔,李咏玲,程芳琴,薛占金.镁渣包膜肥的制备及其缓释性能[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(12):7209-7216Fan Y,Ge T,Liang P X,Li Y L,Cheng F Q,Xue Z J.Preparation of coated fertilizer by magnesium slag and its slow release properties[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(12):7209-7216(in Chinese)
[29]Bardin M,Knight P C,Seville J P K.On control of particle size distribution in granulation using high-shear mixers[J].Powder Technology,2004,140(3):169-175
[30]王宇欣,王越,刘志丹.沼渣制备有机-无机颗粒肥物料的造粒工艺特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(1):200-206Wang Y X,Wang Y,Liu Z D.Characteristics of granulation technology of organic-inorganic granular-fertilizers by biohythane residue[J].Transactions of Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):200-206(in Chinese)