兼作支柱用高抗震性能特高压避雷器的研发
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摘要
特高压避雷器兼作支柱绝缘子,对避雷器的抗弯和抗震性能要求越来越高。本文结合研究成果提出了塔形结构等应力设计的避雷器结构设计新思路,通过仿真计算,提出了具有较高抗震和抗弯性能的避雷器基本结构设计方案。研发出适用于交流特高压避雷器的大容量饼状电阻片和大直径高强度瓷套;研发出能够兼作支柱绝缘子使用的高强度特高压避雷器。开展了抗震性能和弯曲性能试验研究,新研发的避雷器在0.3 g水平加速度下进行抗震试验时,安全系数均大于1.67;弯曲负荷破坏强度在80 k N左右,远大于标准要求,能够兼作支柱绝缘子使用。研发的特高压避雷器已通过全部型式试验,并在多个工程中正式运行,目前运行情况良好。
The bending and seismic performance of UHV arrester,which is used as post insulator,is more and more important. A new design idea of UHV arrester with towering structure and iso-stress isproposed,and also,a design scheme of UHV arrester with high seismic resistance and bending resis-tance is proposed based on the simulation calculation. The cake resistor with higher current impulse with-stand discharge capacity and the large diameter porcelain with higher strength for UHV surge arrestersare developed. As a result,UHV arrester which can be used as post insulator,is developed. Experimen-tal study on seismic performance and flexural performance of the UHV arresters was carried out,the safe-ty coefficient in the seismic test with a horizontal acceleration 0.3 g is greater than 1.67,and the flexuralstrength is about 80 k N under bending load strength,higher than the standard requirements. The arresterhas passed all the type tests,and has been operation in several projects.
The bending and seismic performance of UHV arrester,which is used as post insulator,is more and more important. A new design idea of UHV arrester with towering structure and iso-stress isproposed,and also,a design scheme of UHV arrester with high seismic resistance and bending resis-tance is proposed based on the simulation calculation. The cake resistor with higher current impulse with-stand discharge capacity and the large diameter porcelain with higher strength for UHV surge arrestersare developed. As a result,UHV arrester which can be used as post insulator,is developed. Experimen-tal study on seismic performance and flexural performance of the UHV arresters was carried out,the safe-ty coefficient in the seismic test with a horizontal acceleration 0.3 g is greater than 1.67,and the flexuralstrength is about 80 k N under bending load strength,higher than the standard requirements. The arresterhas passed all the type tests,and has been operation in several projects.
引文
[1]宋继军,菅雅弘,潘仰光.金属氧化物避雷器现状及发展趋势[J].电力设备,2005(8):1-3.SONG Jijun,JIAN Yahong,PAN Yanggang.Present situation and development tendency of metal oxide lightning arrester[J].Electrical Equipment,2005(8):1-3.
[2]吴维韩,何金良,高玉明.金属氧化物非线性电阻特性和应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.WU Weihan,HE Jinliang,GAO Yuming.Properties and application of nonlinear metal oxide varistors[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1990.
[3]王维洲,王保山,熊易,等.UHV MOA设定30 k A级标称放电电流的必要性[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2612-2617.WANG Weizhou,WANG Baoshan,XIONG Yi,et al.Necessity of setting 30 k A nominal discharge current class for UHV MOA[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2612-2617
[4]王保山,王维洲,熊易,等.交流1000 k V避雷器第6级线路放电试验参数设计[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2597-2602.WANG Baoshan,WANG Weizhou,XIONG Yi,et al.Parameters design for the 6 class line discharge test on MOAfor 1 000 k V UHV AC systems[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2597-2602.
[5]谷定燮,王保山,李振强,等.降低1000 k V变电站避雷器额定电压的可行性[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):295-302.GU Dingxie,WANG Baoshan,LI Zhengqiang,et al.Feasibility of lowering the rated voltage of 1 000 k V substation MOA[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):295-302
[6]李光范,张翠霞,李金忠,等.1 000k V变压器绝缘水平的探讨[J].电网技术,2009,33(8):1-4.LI Guangfan,ZHANG Cuixia,LI Jinzhong,et al.Discussion on insulation level of 1000 k V transformer[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(8):1-4.
[7]万磊,宋倩,徐晓娜,等.特高压GIS变电站母线不装避雷器可行性研究[J].高电压技术,2012,38(12):3331-3337.WAN Lei,SONG Qian,XU Xiaona,et al.Feasibility study of UHV GIS substation busbar wihtout MOAs[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(12):3331-3337.
[8]陈秀娟,陈维江,沈海滨,等.特高压输电系统操作过电压柔性限制方法[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):1-5.CHEN Xiujuan,CHEN Weijiang,SHEN Haibin,et al.Flexible measures to depress switching overvoltage in UHVtransmission system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):1-5.
[9]陈水明,许伟,何金良.沿线多组避雷器深度限制特高压操作过电压[J].高电压技术,2006,32(12):11-16.CHEN Shuiming,XU Wei,HE Jinliang.Adopting some arresters to suppress switching overvoltage deeply in 1 000 k VUHV Transmission Line[J].Electrical Equipment,2006,32(12):11-16.
[10]王保山,左中秋,熊易,等.特高压交流避雷器TOV极限耐受能力试验研究[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):144-152.WANG Baoshan,ZUO Zhongqiu,XIONG Yi,et al.Experimental research on the utmost TOV withstand ability of the UHV AC meta-oxide surge arrester[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):144-152
[11]朱祝兵,代泽兵,刘振林,等.1000 k V特高压避雷器抗弯性能试验与仿真研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2014(257):32-43.ZHU Zhubing,DAI Zebing,LIU Zhenlin,et al.Experimental and simulation study on flexural performance of 1 000 k VUHVarrester[J].Insulationand Surge Arresters,2014(257):32-43.
[12]车文俊,宋继军,张晓星,等.1 000 k V交流特高压瓷外套金属氧化物避雷器的结构分析[J].电力标准化与技术经济,2006,02:13-16.CHE Wenjun,SONG Jijun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.The design analysis of 1 000 k V AC UHV metaloxide surge arresters with porcelain housings[J].Electric Power Standardization&Construction Cost Control Information,2006,02:13-16.
[13]车文俊,张晓星,李明刚,等.1000 k V GIS型和瓷套型避雷器研发综述[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):230-236.CHE Wenjun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,LI Minggang,et al.Research and development overview of 1 000 k V GIS and porcelain housed surge arresters[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):230-236.
[14]李明刚,宋继军,韩书谟,等.1 000 k V罐式避雷器在中国的发展及应用[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2618-2623.LI Minggang,SONG Jijun,HAN Shumo,et al.Development and application of tank type Surge arrester for 1 000 k Vsystem in China[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2618-2623.
[15]车文俊,宋继军,张晓星,等.1 000 k V交流特高压GIS型和瓷套型金属氧化物避雷器的研发[J].电力设备,2007,8(4):14-18.CHE Wenjun,SONG Jijun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.R&Dof 1 000 k V UHVAC GIS and porcelain-clad metal oxid arresters[J].Electrical Equipment,2007,8(4):14-18.
[16]林震,何计谋,赵勇,等.特高压交流1 000 k V瓷外套避雷器的研制[J].电瓷避雷器,2011,5(243):75-80.LIN Zhen,HE Jimou,ZHAO Yong,et al.Development on UHV 1 000 k V AC porcelain housing MOA[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011,5(243):75-80.
[17]王保山,熊易,汤霖,等.中国特高压交流瓷外套避雷器的研制与型式试验[J].高电压技术,2010,36(4):891-899.WANG Baoshan,XIONG Yi,TA NG Lin,et al.Summary and conclusion of Chinese ultra high voltage AC porcelain housed metal oxide surge arresters development and type test[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(4):891-899.
[18]张搏宇,苏宁,吕雪斌,等.带串联间隙1000k V特高压交流输电线路避雷器关键技术参数分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(3):618-622.ZHANG Boyu,SU Ning,LU Xuebin,et al.Analysis of key technical parameters of arresters used for 1 000 k V UHVACtransmission line with series gap[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(3):618-622.
[19]车文俊,张晓星,千叶智基,等.1000 k V瓷外套金属氧化物避雷器的抗地震设计[J].电力设备,2007,8(9):19-23.CHE Wenjun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,QIAN YE,et al.Antseismic design of 1 000 k V procelain-clad metal oxide lighting arrester[J].Power Equipment,2007,8(9):19-23.
[20]CHIBA T,ZHANG X,SONG J,et al.Anti-earthquake performance of the 1 100 k V porcelain type arrester[C]//2009 UHVtransmission technology International Conference,2009.
[21]卢智成,代泽兵,孟宪政,等.特高压变电设备抗震振动台试验方法研究[J].建筑结构,2013,43(增刊1):1269-1272.LU Zhicheng,DAI Zebing,MENG Xianzheng,et al.Study on seismic shaking table test method of UHV substation equipments[J].Building Structure,2013,43(Supplement1):1269-1272.
[22]邱宁,程永锋,钟珉,等.1 000 k V特高压交流电气设备抗震研究进展与展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1732-1739.QIU Ning,CHENG Yongfeng,ZHONG Min,et al.Progress and prospect in seismic research of 1 000 k V UHV ACelectrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1732-1739.
[23]李圣,卢智成,邱宁,等.加装金属减震装置的1000 k V避雷器振动台试验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1740-1745.LI Sheng,LU Zhicheng,QIU Ning,et al.Study on shaking table test of 1 000 k V surge arrester with metal damper device[J].High V oltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1740-1745.
[24]尤红兵,张郁山,赵凤新.电气设备振动台试验输入的合理确定[J].电网技术,2012,36(5):118-124.YOU Hongbing,ZHANG Yushan,ZHAO Fengxin.Reasonable determination of input waves for shake-table test of electrical equipments[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(5):118-124.
[2]吴维韩,何金良,高玉明.金属氧化物非线性电阻特性和应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.WU Weihan,HE Jinliang,GAO Yuming.Properties and application of nonlinear metal oxide varistors[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1990.
[3]王维洲,王保山,熊易,等.UHV MOA设定30 k A级标称放电电流的必要性[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2612-2617.WANG Weizhou,WANG Baoshan,XIONG Yi,et al.Necessity of setting 30 k A nominal discharge current class for UHV MOA[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2612-2617
[4]王保山,王维洲,熊易,等.交流1000 k V避雷器第6级线路放电试验参数设计[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2597-2602.WANG Baoshan,WANG Weizhou,XIONG Yi,et al.Parameters design for the 6 class line discharge test on MOAfor 1 000 k V UHV AC systems[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2597-2602.
[5]谷定燮,王保山,李振强,等.降低1000 k V变电站避雷器额定电压的可行性[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):295-302.GU Dingxie,WANG Baoshan,LI Zhengqiang,et al.Feasibility of lowering the rated voltage of 1 000 k V substation MOA[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):295-302
[6]李光范,张翠霞,李金忠,等.1 000k V变压器绝缘水平的探讨[J].电网技术,2009,33(8):1-4.LI Guangfan,ZHANG Cuixia,LI Jinzhong,et al.Discussion on insulation level of 1000 k V transformer[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(8):1-4.
[7]万磊,宋倩,徐晓娜,等.特高压GIS变电站母线不装避雷器可行性研究[J].高电压技术,2012,38(12):3331-3337.WAN Lei,SONG Qian,XU Xiaona,et al.Feasibility study of UHV GIS substation busbar wihtout MOAs[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(12):3331-3337.
[8]陈秀娟,陈维江,沈海滨,等.特高压输电系统操作过电压柔性限制方法[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):1-5.CHEN Xiujuan,CHEN Weijiang,SHEN Haibin,et al.Flexible measures to depress switching overvoltage in UHVtransmission system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):1-5.
[9]陈水明,许伟,何金良.沿线多组避雷器深度限制特高压操作过电压[J].高电压技术,2006,32(12):11-16.CHEN Shuiming,XU Wei,HE Jinliang.Adopting some arresters to suppress switching overvoltage deeply in 1 000 k VUHV Transmission Line[J].Electrical Equipment,2006,32(12):11-16.
[10]王保山,左中秋,熊易,等.特高压交流避雷器TOV极限耐受能力试验研究[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):144-152.WANG Baoshan,ZUO Zhongqiu,XIONG Yi,et al.Experimental research on the utmost TOV withstand ability of the UHV AC meta-oxide surge arrester[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):144-152
[11]朱祝兵,代泽兵,刘振林,等.1000 k V特高压避雷器抗弯性能试验与仿真研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2014(257):32-43.ZHU Zhubing,DAI Zebing,LIU Zhenlin,et al.Experimental and simulation study on flexural performance of 1 000 k VUHVarrester[J].Insulationand Surge Arresters,2014(257):32-43.
[12]车文俊,宋继军,张晓星,等.1 000 k V交流特高压瓷外套金属氧化物避雷器的结构分析[J].电力标准化与技术经济,2006,02:13-16.CHE Wenjun,SONG Jijun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.The design analysis of 1 000 k V AC UHV metaloxide surge arresters with porcelain housings[J].Electric Power Standardization&Construction Cost Control Information,2006,02:13-16.
[13]车文俊,张晓星,李明刚,等.1000 k V GIS型和瓷套型避雷器研发综述[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):230-236.CHE Wenjun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,LI Minggang,et al.Research and development overview of 1 000 k V GIS and porcelain housed surge arresters[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):230-236.
[14]李明刚,宋继军,韩书谟,等.1 000 k V罐式避雷器在中国的发展及应用[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2618-2623.LI Minggang,SONG Jijun,HAN Shumo,et al.Development and application of tank type Surge arrester for 1 000 k Vsystem in China[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2618-2623.
[15]车文俊,宋继军,张晓星,等.1 000 k V交流特高压GIS型和瓷套型金属氧化物避雷器的研发[J].电力设备,2007,8(4):14-18.CHE Wenjun,SONG Jijun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.R&Dof 1 000 k V UHVAC GIS and porcelain-clad metal oxid arresters[J].Electrical Equipment,2007,8(4):14-18.
[16]林震,何计谋,赵勇,等.特高压交流1 000 k V瓷外套避雷器的研制[J].电瓷避雷器,2011,5(243):75-80.LIN Zhen,HE Jimou,ZHAO Yong,et al.Development on UHV 1 000 k V AC porcelain housing MOA[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2011,5(243):75-80.
[17]王保山,熊易,汤霖,等.中国特高压交流瓷外套避雷器的研制与型式试验[J].高电压技术,2010,36(4):891-899.WANG Baoshan,XIONG Yi,TA NG Lin,et al.Summary and conclusion of Chinese ultra high voltage AC porcelain housed metal oxide surge arresters development and type test[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(4):891-899.
[18]张搏宇,苏宁,吕雪斌,等.带串联间隙1000k V特高压交流输电线路避雷器关键技术参数分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(3):618-622.ZHANG Boyu,SU Ning,LU Xuebin,et al.Analysis of key technical parameters of arresters used for 1 000 k V UHVACtransmission line with series gap[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(3):618-622.
[19]车文俊,张晓星,千叶智基,等.1000 k V瓷外套金属氧化物避雷器的抗地震设计[J].电力设备,2007,8(9):19-23.CHE Wenjun,ZHANG Xiaoxing,QIAN YE,et al.Antseismic design of 1 000 k V procelain-clad metal oxide lighting arrester[J].Power Equipment,2007,8(9):19-23.
[20]CHIBA T,ZHANG X,SONG J,et al.Anti-earthquake performance of the 1 100 k V porcelain type arrester[C]//2009 UHVtransmission technology International Conference,2009.
[21]卢智成,代泽兵,孟宪政,等.特高压变电设备抗震振动台试验方法研究[J].建筑结构,2013,43(增刊1):1269-1272.LU Zhicheng,DAI Zebing,MENG Xianzheng,et al.Study on seismic shaking table test method of UHV substation equipments[J].Building Structure,2013,43(Supplement1):1269-1272.
[22]邱宁,程永锋,钟珉,等.1 000 k V特高压交流电气设备抗震研究进展与展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1732-1739.QIU Ning,CHENG Yongfeng,ZHONG Min,et al.Progress and prospect in seismic research of 1 000 k V UHV ACelectrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1732-1739.
[23]李圣,卢智成,邱宁,等.加装金属减震装置的1000 k V避雷器振动台试验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1740-1745.LI Sheng,LU Zhicheng,QIU Ning,et al.Study on shaking table test of 1 000 k V surge arrester with metal damper device[J].High V oltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1740-1745.
[24]尤红兵,张郁山,赵凤新.电气设备振动台试验输入的合理确定[J].电网技术,2012,36(5):118-124.YOU Hongbing,ZHANG Yushan,ZHAO Fengxin.Reasonable determination of input waves for shake-table test of electrical equipments[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(5):118-124.