输电线路工频动态相量模型在半波长交流输电系统机电暂态仿真中的应用研究
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摘要
为了在机电暂态仿真中准确模拟半波长交流线路的波传输动态特性,提出将交流线路的动态相量模型应用于半波长输电系统仿真。动态相量模型在机电暂态仿真中得以应用的关键是仿真精度和仿真步长问题。半波长线路区外故障时,可以直接应用半周波固定步长进行机电暂态仿真;而当模拟半波长线路区内故障时,若仍采用半周波固定步长,则需应用线性插值的近似方法计算注入电流源。为保证仿真精度,并兼顾仿真速度,提出采用变步长仿真方法用于半波长线路区内故障。以电磁暂态仿真结果为基准,点对网半波长交流输电系统算例表明,动态相量模型比传统的交流线路稳态模型具有更高的仿真精度,且变步长仿真方法优于线性插值近似法。
In order to accurately simulate the wave transmission characteristics of the half wavelength AC line in the electromechanical transient simulation, this paper presents the application of AC line dynamic phasor model to the half wavelength transmission system simulation. The key to the application of the dynamic phasor model in the electromechanical transient simulation is the simulation precision and the simulation step size. When simulating external fault, half cycle simulation time step can be directly applied. While simulating internal faults of the half wavelength AC line still with half cycle time step, the approximate linear interpolation method must be used. To take account of simulation precision and speed, variable time step method was proposed. Based on the results comparison of electromagnetic transient simulation and electomechanical transient simualtion, it shows that the dynamic phasor model is more accurate than the traditional AC line steady state model, and the variable time step method is superior to the approximate linear interpolation method with fixed large time step.
In order to accurately simulate the wave transmission characteristics of the half wavelength AC line in the electromechanical transient simulation, this paper presents the application of AC line dynamic phasor model to the half wavelength transmission system simulation. The key to the application of the dynamic phasor model in the electromechanical transient simulation is the simulation precision and the simulation step size. When simulating external fault, half cycle simulation time step can be directly applied. While simulating internal faults of the half wavelength AC line still with half cycle time step, the approximate linear interpolation method must be used. To take account of simulation precision and speed, variable time step method was proposed. Based on the results comparison of electromagnetic transient simulation and electomechanical transient simualtion, it shows that the dynamic phasor model is more accurate than the traditional AC line steady state model, and the variable time step method is superior to the approximate linear interpolation method with fixed large time step.
引文
[1]郑健超.智能电力设备与半波长交流输电[J].中国电机工程学会动力与电气工程,2009(10):12-15.Zheng Jianchao.Smart power devices and half-wavelength AC transmission technology[J].Power and Electrical Engineers,2009(10):12-15(in Chinese).
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[3]王冠,吕鑫昌,孙秋芹,等.半波长交流输电技术的研究现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(16):13-18,68.Wang Guan,LüXinchang,Sun Qiuqin,et al.Status quo and prospects of half-wavelength transmission technology[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(16):13-18,68(in Chinese).
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[5]Hubert F J,Gent M R.Half-wavelength power transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1965,84(10):965-974.
[6]Prabhakara F S,Parthasarathy K,Ramachandra Rao H N.Analysis of natural half-wave-length power transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1969,PAS-88(12):1787-1794.
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[8]Iliceto F,Cinieri E.Analysis of half-wavelength transmission lines with simulation of corona losses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(4):2081-2091.
[9]Tavares M C,Portela C M.Half-wave length line energization case test–proposition of a real test[C]//Proceedings of 2008 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application.Chongqing,China:IEEE,2008:261-264.
[10]秦晓辉,张志强,徐征雄,等.基于准稳态模型的特高压半波长交流输电系统稳态特性与暂态稳定研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):66-76.Qin Xiaohui,Zhang Zhiqiang,Xu Zhengxiong,et al.Study on the steady state characteristic and transient stability of UHV AC half-wave-length transmission system based on quasi-steady model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):66-76(in Chinese).
[11]王玲桃,崔翔.特高压半波长交流输电线路稳态特性研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):7-12.Wang Lingtao,Cui Xiang.Research on steady-state operation characteristics of UHV half-wavelength AC power transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):7-12(in Chinese).
[12]张志强,秦晓辉,王皓怀,等.特高压半波长交流输电线路稳态电压特性[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):33-36.Zhang Zhiqiang,Qin Xiaohui,Wang Haohuai,et al.Steady state voltage characteristic of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):33-36(in Chinese).
[13]张志强,秦晓辉,徐征雄,等.特高压半波长交流输电技术在我国新疆地区电源送出规划中的暂态稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):42-45.Zhang Zhiqiang,Qin Xiaohui,Xu Zhengxiong,et al.Research on transient stability of UHV half-wavelength AC transmission in the plan of sending out electric power from Xinjiang region[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):42-45(in Chinese).
[14]梁旭明,张彦涛,秦晓辉,等.基于特高压交流半波长技术的立体电网构建研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3415-3419.Liang Xuming,Zhang Yantao,Qin Xiaohui,et al.Study on stereoscopic power grid construction based on UHV AC half-wave-length transmission technology[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(11):3415-3419(in Chinese).
[15]周静姝,马进,徐昊,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统稳态及暂态运行特性[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):28-32.Zhou Jingshu,Ma Jin,Xu Hao,et al.Steady state and transient operational characteristics of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):28-32(in Chinese).
[16]娄颖,周沛洪,修木洪,等.特高压半波长交流输电线路电磁暂态仿真[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1459-1465.Lou Ying,Zhou Peihong,Xiu Muhong,et al.Electromagnetic transient simulation of UHV half wavelength AC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1459-1465(in Chinese).
[17]韩彬,林集明,班连庚,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统电磁暂态特性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):22-27.Han Bin,Lin Jiming,Ban Lian'geng,et al.Analysis on electromagnetic transient characteristics of UHV half-wavelength AC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):22-27(in Chinese).
[18]李肖,杜丁香,刘宇,等.半波长输电线路差动电流分布特征及差动保护原理适应性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6802-6808.Li Xiao,Du Dingxiang,Liu Yu,et al.Analysis for differential current distribution and adaptability of differential protection of half-wavelength AC transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6802-6808(in Chinese).
[19]杜丁香,王兴国,柳焕章,等.半波长线路故障特征及保护适应性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6788-6795.Du Dingxiang,Wang Xingguo,Liu Huanzhang,et al.Fault characteristics of half-wavelength AC transmission line and its impaction to transmission line protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6788-6795(in Chinese).
[20]周泽昕,柳焕章,郭雅蓉,等.适用于半波长线路的假同步差动保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6780-6787.Zhou Zexin,Liu Huanzhang,Guo Yarong,et al.The false synchronization differential protection for half-wavelength transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6780-6787(in Chinese).
[21]郭雅蓉,周泽昕,柳焕章,等.时差法计算半波长线路差动保护最优差动点[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6796-6801.Guo Yarong,Zhou Zexin,Liu Huanzhang,et al.Time difference method to calculate the optimal differential point of half-wavelength AC transmission line differential protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6796-6801(in Chinese).
[22]宋云亭,周霄,李碧辉,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统经济性与可靠性评估[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):1-6.Song Yunting,Zhou Xiao,Li Bihui,et al.Economic analysis and reliability assessment of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):1-6(in Chinese).
[23]孙珂.特高压半波长交流输电经济性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):51-54.Sun Ke.Economic analysis on UHV half-wavelength AC power transmission[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):51-54(in Chinese).
[24]Venkatasubramanian V.Tools for dynamic analysis of the general large power system using time-varying phasors[J].International Journal on Electric Power&Energy Systems,1994,16(6):365-376.
[25]王钢,李志铿,李海锋,等.交直流系统的换流器动态相量模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):59-64.Wang Gang,Li Zhikeng,Li Haifeng,et al.Dynamic phasor model of the converter of the AC/DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):59-64(in Chinese).
[26]黄胜利,宋瑞华,赵宏图,等.应用动态相量模型分析高压直流输电引起的次同步振荡现象[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(7):1-4.Huang Shengli,Song Ruihua,Zhao Hongtu,et al.Analysis and simulating the SSO caused by HVDC using the time-varying dynamic phasor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(7):1-4(in Chinese).
[27]何瑞文,蔡泽祥.结合谐波特征的可控串补动态相量法建模与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(5):28-32.He Ruiwen,Cai Zexiang.Modeling and analysis of thyristor-controlled series capacitor with dynamic phasors considering harmonic characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(5):28-32(in Chinese).
[28]鲁晓军,林卫星,安婷,等.MMC电气系统动态相量模型统一建模方法及运行特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5479-5491.Lu Xiaojun,Lin Weixing,An Ting,et al.A unified dynamic phasor modeling and operating characteristic analysis of electrical system of MMC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5479-5491(in Chinese).
[29]黄胜利,周孝信.分布参数输电线路的时变动态相量模型及其仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(11):1-5.Huang Shengli,Zhou Xiaoxin.The time-varyinm phasor model of the distributed parameter transmission line and its simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(11):1-5(in Chinese).
[30]应迪生,张明,陈家荣.三相分布参数线路动态相量法的建模与仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(34):46-51.Ying Disheng,Zhang Ming,Chan K W.Modeling and simulation of 3-phase distribution parameter line using dynamic phasor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(34):46-51(in Chinese).
[31]林集明,郑健超.特高压半波长交流输电技术经济可行性初步研究总结报告[R].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2010.Lin Jiming,Zheng Jianchao.Summary report of preliminary study on technical and economic feasibility of the half wave-length UHV-AC transmission[R].Beijing:China Electric Power Research Institute,2010(in Chinese).
[2]周孝信.新能源变革中电网和电网技术的发展前景[J].华电技术,2011,33(12):1-3,27.Zhou Xiaoxin.Development prospects of power grid and power system technology in changes with renewable energy[J].Huadian Technology,2011,33(12):1-3,27(in Chinese).
[3]王冠,吕鑫昌,孙秋芹,等.半波长交流输电技术的研究现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(16):13-18,68.Wang Guan,LüXinchang,Sun Qiuqin,et al.Status quo and prospects of half-wavelength transmission technology[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(16):13-18,68(in Chinese).
[4]孙玉娇,周勤勇,申洪.未来中国输电网发展模式的分析与展望[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1929-1935.Sun Yujiao,Zhou Qinyong,Shen Hong.Analysis and prospect on development patterns of China’s power transmission network in future[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1929-1935(in Chinese).
[5]Hubert F J,Gent M R.Half-wavelength power transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1965,84(10):965-974.
[6]Prabhakara F S,Parthasarathy K,Ramachandra Rao H N.Analysis of natural half-wave-length power transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1969,PAS-88(12):1787-1794.
[7]Prabhakara F S,Parthasarathy K,Ramachandra Rao H N.Performance of tuned half-wave-length power transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1969,PAS-88(12):1795-1802.
[8]Iliceto F,Cinieri E.Analysis of half-wavelength transmission lines with simulation of corona losses[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(4):2081-2091.
[9]Tavares M C,Portela C M.Half-wave length line energization case test–proposition of a real test[C]//Proceedings of 2008 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application.Chongqing,China:IEEE,2008:261-264.
[10]秦晓辉,张志强,徐征雄,等.基于准稳态模型的特高压半波长交流输电系统稳态特性与暂态稳定研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):66-76.Qin Xiaohui,Zhang Zhiqiang,Xu Zhengxiong,et al.Study on the steady state characteristic and transient stability of UHV AC half-wave-length transmission system based on quasi-steady model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):66-76(in Chinese).
[11]王玲桃,崔翔.特高压半波长交流输电线路稳态特性研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):7-12.Wang Lingtao,Cui Xiang.Research on steady-state operation characteristics of UHV half-wavelength AC power transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):7-12(in Chinese).
[12]张志强,秦晓辉,王皓怀,等.特高压半波长交流输电线路稳态电压特性[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):33-36.Zhang Zhiqiang,Qin Xiaohui,Wang Haohuai,et al.Steady state voltage characteristic of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):33-36(in Chinese).
[13]张志强,秦晓辉,徐征雄,等.特高压半波长交流输电技术在我国新疆地区电源送出规划中的暂态稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):42-45.Zhang Zhiqiang,Qin Xiaohui,Xu Zhengxiong,et al.Research on transient stability of UHV half-wavelength AC transmission in the plan of sending out electric power from Xinjiang region[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):42-45(in Chinese).
[14]梁旭明,张彦涛,秦晓辉,等.基于特高压交流半波长技术的立体电网构建研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3415-3419.Liang Xuming,Zhang Yantao,Qin Xiaohui,et al.Study on stereoscopic power grid construction based on UHV AC half-wave-length transmission technology[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(11):3415-3419(in Chinese).
[15]周静姝,马进,徐昊,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统稳态及暂态运行特性[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):28-32.Zhou Jingshu,Ma Jin,Xu Hao,et al.Steady state and transient operational characteristics of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):28-32(in Chinese).
[16]娄颖,周沛洪,修木洪,等.特高压半波长交流输电线路电磁暂态仿真[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1459-1465.Lou Ying,Zhou Peihong,Xiu Muhong,et al.Electromagnetic transient simulation of UHV half wavelength AC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1459-1465(in Chinese).
[17]韩彬,林集明,班连庚,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统电磁暂态特性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):22-27.Han Bin,Lin Jiming,Ban Lian'geng,et al.Analysis on electromagnetic transient characteristics of UHV half-wavelength AC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):22-27(in Chinese).
[18]李肖,杜丁香,刘宇,等.半波长输电线路差动电流分布特征及差动保护原理适应性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6802-6808.Li Xiao,Du Dingxiang,Liu Yu,et al.Analysis for differential current distribution and adaptability of differential protection of half-wavelength AC transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6802-6808(in Chinese).
[19]杜丁香,王兴国,柳焕章,等.半波长线路故障特征及保护适应性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6788-6795.Du Dingxiang,Wang Xingguo,Liu Huanzhang,et al.Fault characteristics of half-wavelength AC transmission line and its impaction to transmission line protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6788-6795(in Chinese).
[20]周泽昕,柳焕章,郭雅蓉,等.适用于半波长线路的假同步差动保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6780-6787.Zhou Zexin,Liu Huanzhang,Guo Yarong,et al.The false synchronization differential protection for half-wavelength transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6780-6787(in Chinese).
[21]郭雅蓉,周泽昕,柳焕章,等.时差法计算半波长线路差动保护最优差动点[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6796-6801.Guo Yarong,Zhou Zexin,Liu Huanzhang,et al.Time difference method to calculate the optimal differential point of half-wavelength AC transmission line differential protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6796-6801(in Chinese).
[22]宋云亭,周霄,李碧辉,等.特高压半波长交流输电系统经济性与可靠性评估[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):1-6.Song Yunting,Zhou Xiao,Li Bihui,et al.Economic analysis and reliability assessment of UHV halfwavelength AC transmission[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):1-6(in Chinese).
[23]孙珂.特高压半波长交流输电经济性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(9):51-54.Sun Ke.Economic analysis on UHV half-wavelength AC power transmission[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(9):51-54(in Chinese).
[24]Venkatasubramanian V.Tools for dynamic analysis of the general large power system using time-varying phasors[J].International Journal on Electric Power&Energy Systems,1994,16(6):365-376.
[25]王钢,李志铿,李海锋,等.交直流系统的换流器动态相量模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(1):59-64.Wang Gang,Li Zhikeng,Li Haifeng,et al.Dynamic phasor model of the converter of the AC/DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(1):59-64(in Chinese).
[26]黄胜利,宋瑞华,赵宏图,等.应用动态相量模型分析高压直流输电引起的次同步振荡现象[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(7):1-4.Huang Shengli,Song Ruihua,Zhao Hongtu,et al.Analysis and simulating the SSO caused by HVDC using the time-varying dynamic phasor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(7):1-4(in Chinese).
[27]何瑞文,蔡泽祥.结合谐波特征的可控串补动态相量法建模与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(5):28-32.He Ruiwen,Cai Zexiang.Modeling and analysis of thyristor-controlled series capacitor with dynamic phasors considering harmonic characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(5):28-32(in Chinese).
[28]鲁晓军,林卫星,安婷,等.MMC电气系统动态相量模型统一建模方法及运行特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5479-5491.Lu Xiaojun,Lin Weixing,An Ting,et al.A unified dynamic phasor modeling and operating characteristic analysis of electrical system of MMC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5479-5491(in Chinese).
[29]黄胜利,周孝信.分布参数输电线路的时变动态相量模型及其仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(11):1-5.Huang Shengli,Zhou Xiaoxin.The time-varyinm phasor model of the distributed parameter transmission line and its simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(11):1-5(in Chinese).
[30]应迪生,张明,陈家荣.三相分布参数线路动态相量法的建模与仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(34):46-51.Ying Disheng,Zhang Ming,Chan K W.Modeling and simulation of 3-phase distribution parameter line using dynamic phasor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(34):46-51(in Chinese).
[31]林集明,郑健超.特高压半波长交流输电技术经济可行性初步研究总结报告[R].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2010.Lin Jiming,Zheng Jianchao.Summary report of preliminary study on technical and economic feasibility of the half wave-length UHV-AC transmission[R].Beijing:China Electric Power Research Institute,2010(in Chinese).