基于特高频传感阵列的局部放电定位误差分析及优化布置
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摘要
局部放电的测量和诊断已成为评估高压电力设备运行状态的重要方法之一。但目前的局部放电监测主要以单个设备监测为主,测试仪器程序多,成本高,维护工程大。文中介绍了利用4个以上传感器组成传感阵列接收特高频电磁波对变电站设备局部放电源定位的方法,分析讨论了基于时差法的定位算法,分析其主要误差来源,理论推导了定位结果误差与传感器阵列布置及信号到达时延序列误差的关系,最后给出了特高频传感器阵列布置的优化方法。
The measurement and diagnosis of partial discharge(PD)is accepted as one of the most valuable means for assessing the quality of high voltage(HV)power apparatus and their running status. However,the current partial discharge monitoring is mainly based on single equipment, which needs multi-process test equipment, high cost, and large maintenance engineering. This paper introduces the use of four antennas array to receive ultrahigh fre-quency(UHF)signal,and to define 3-D coordinate system,then PD source in the field of the substation is located. Furthermore,the principle of the location algorithm based on time difference is discussed and the origin of its loca-tion error is analyzed. Then the connection of location error and the placement of UHF sensors array and the error of time difference has been discussed theoretically. Finally,the optimal placement of the radio frequency antenna ar-ray is provided.
The measurement and diagnosis of partial discharge(PD)is accepted as one of the most valuable means for assessing the quality of high voltage(HV)power apparatus and their running status. However,the current partial discharge monitoring is mainly based on single equipment, which needs multi-process test equipment, high cost, and large maintenance engineering. This paper introduces the use of four antennas array to receive ultrahigh fre-quency(UHF)signal,and to define 3-D coordinate system,then PD source in the field of the substation is located. Furthermore,the principle of the location algorithm based on time difference is discussed and the origin of its loca-tion error is analyzed. Then the connection of location error and the placement of UHF sensors array and the error of time difference has been discussed theoretically. Finally,the optimal placement of the radio frequency antenna ar-ray is provided.
引文
[1]高文胜,丁登伟,刘卫东,等.采用特高频检测技术的局部放电源定位方法[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2680-2684.GAO Wensheng,DING Dengwei,LIU Weidong,et al.Location of PD by searching in space using UHF method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(11):2680-2684.
[2]MOORE P J,PORTUGUES I E,GLOVER I A.Radiometric location of partial discharge sources on energized highvoltage plant[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):2264-2272.
[3]唐志国,常文治,王彩雄,等.超宽带射频技术对变压器多局部放电源的定位[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1612-1617.TANG Zhiguo,CHANG Wenzhi,WANG Caixiong,et al.Multi-PD sources location by UWB RF detection in power transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1612-1617.
[4]唐炬,陈娇,张晓星,等.用于局部放电信号定位的多样本能量相关搜索提取时间差算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(19):125-130.TANG Ju,CHEN Jiao,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.Time difference algorithm based on energy relevant search of multi-sample applied in PD location[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(19):125-130.
[5]唐志国,李成榕,常文治,等.变压器局部放电定位技术及新兴UHF方法的关键问题[J].南方电网技术,2008,2(1):36-40.TANG Zhiguo,LI Chengrong,CHANG Wenzhi,et al.The partial discharge location technology of power transformer and the key issues of newly developed UHF method[J].Southern Power System Technology,2008,2(1):36-40.
[6]王辉,黄成军,姚林鹏,等.利用重排分布理论的GIS局放信号时频分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2236-2241.WANG Hui,HUANG Chengjun,YAO Linpeng,et al.Timerfrequency analysis of partial discharge for GIS using the theory of reassignment distribution[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2236-2241.
[7]段大鹏.基于UHF方法的GIS局部放电检测与仿生模式识别[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.DUAN Dapeng.GIS partial discharge detection and biomimetic pattern recognition based on UHF method[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2009.
[8]侯慧娟,盛戈皞,苗培青,等.基于特高频电磁波的变电站局部放电空间定位[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1334-1340.HOU Huijuan,SHENG Gehao,MIAO Peiqing,et al.Partial discharge location based on radio frequency antenna array in substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1334-1340.
[9]张晓星,王震,唐炬,等.气体绝缘变压器局部放电特高频在线监测系统[J].高电压技术,2010,36(7):1692-1697.ZHANG Xiaoxing,WANG Zhen,TANG Ju,et al.GIT partial discharge UHF on-line monitoring system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(7):1692-1697.
[10]苏育才,姜翠波,张跃辉.矩阵理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.SU Yucai,JIANG Cuibo,ZHANG Yuehui.Matrix theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[11]Ross S M,龚光鲁.应用随机过程概率模型导论[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.ROSS S M,GONG Guanglu.Introduction to stochastic process probability model[M].Beijing:People’s Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House,2007.
[12]刘君华,姚明,黄成军,等.采用声电联合法的GIS局部放电定位试验研究[J].高电压技术,2009,35(10):2458-2462.LIU Junhua,YAO Ming,HUANG Chengjun,et al.Experimental research on partial discharge localization in GIS using ultrasonic associated with electromagnetic wave method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(10):2458-2462.
[13]REID A J,JUDD M D.Identification of simultaneously active PD sources using passive comparison of UHF signals[C]//Universities Power Engineering Conference(UPEC).Glasgow,UK:[s.n.],2009:1-4.
[14]TENBOHLEN S,PFEFFER A,COENEN S.On-site experiences with multi-terminal IEC PD measurements,UHF PD measurements and acousitic PD localisation[C]//Electrical Insulation(ISEI),Conference Record of the 2010IEEE International Symposium.Santiego,USA:[s.n.],2010:1-5.
[15]MARKALOUS S M,TENBOHLEN S,FESER K.Detection and location of partial discharges in power transformers using acoustic and electromagnetic signals[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2008,15(6):1576-1583.
[16]LIU M J,LI Z H.An onlin UHF PD monitoring system for power transformer and its applications[C]//Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC).Chengdu,China:PEEC,2010:1-4.
[17]JUDD M D,LI Y,HUNTER I B.Partial discharge monitoring of power transformers using UHF sensors,part I:Sensors and signal interpretation[J].Electrical Insulation Magazine,IEEE,2005,21(2):5-14.
[18]刘君华,姚明,王江,等.基于GIS中电磁波传播路径特性的局放源定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(21):77-81.LIU Junhua,YAO Ming,WANG Jiang,et al.A partial discharge location method based on the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave propagation route in GIS[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(21):77-81.
[2]MOORE P J,PORTUGUES I E,GLOVER I A.Radiometric location of partial discharge sources on energized highvoltage plant[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):2264-2272.
[3]唐志国,常文治,王彩雄,等.超宽带射频技术对变压器多局部放电源的定位[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1612-1617.TANG Zhiguo,CHANG Wenzhi,WANG Caixiong,et al.Multi-PD sources location by UWB RF detection in power transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1612-1617.
[4]唐炬,陈娇,张晓星,等.用于局部放电信号定位的多样本能量相关搜索提取时间差算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(19):125-130.TANG Ju,CHEN Jiao,ZHANG Xiaoxing,et al.Time difference algorithm based on energy relevant search of multi-sample applied in PD location[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(19):125-130.
[5]唐志国,李成榕,常文治,等.变压器局部放电定位技术及新兴UHF方法的关键问题[J].南方电网技术,2008,2(1):36-40.TANG Zhiguo,LI Chengrong,CHANG Wenzhi,et al.The partial discharge location technology of power transformer and the key issues of newly developed UHF method[J].Southern Power System Technology,2008,2(1):36-40.
[6]王辉,黄成军,姚林鹏,等.利用重排分布理论的GIS局放信号时频分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2236-2241.WANG Hui,HUANG Chengjun,YAO Linpeng,et al.Timerfrequency analysis of partial discharge for GIS using the theory of reassignment distribution[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2236-2241.
[7]段大鹏.基于UHF方法的GIS局部放电检测与仿生模式识别[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.DUAN Dapeng.GIS partial discharge detection and biomimetic pattern recognition based on UHF method[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2009.
[8]侯慧娟,盛戈皞,苗培青,等.基于特高频电磁波的变电站局部放电空间定位[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1334-1340.HOU Huijuan,SHENG Gehao,MIAO Peiqing,et al.Partial discharge location based on radio frequency antenna array in substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1334-1340.
[9]张晓星,王震,唐炬,等.气体绝缘变压器局部放电特高频在线监测系统[J].高电压技术,2010,36(7):1692-1697.ZHANG Xiaoxing,WANG Zhen,TANG Ju,et al.GIT partial discharge UHF on-line monitoring system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(7):1692-1697.
[10]苏育才,姜翠波,张跃辉.矩阵理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.SU Yucai,JIANG Cuibo,ZHANG Yuehui.Matrix theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[11]Ross S M,龚光鲁.应用随机过程概率模型导论[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.ROSS S M,GONG Guanglu.Introduction to stochastic process probability model[M].Beijing:People’s Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House,2007.
[12]刘君华,姚明,黄成军,等.采用声电联合法的GIS局部放电定位试验研究[J].高电压技术,2009,35(10):2458-2462.LIU Junhua,YAO Ming,HUANG Chengjun,et al.Experimental research on partial discharge localization in GIS using ultrasonic associated with electromagnetic wave method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(10):2458-2462.
[13]REID A J,JUDD M D.Identification of simultaneously active PD sources using passive comparison of UHF signals[C]//Universities Power Engineering Conference(UPEC).Glasgow,UK:[s.n.],2009:1-4.
[14]TENBOHLEN S,PFEFFER A,COENEN S.On-site experiences with multi-terminal IEC PD measurements,UHF PD measurements and acousitic PD localisation[C]//Electrical Insulation(ISEI),Conference Record of the 2010IEEE International Symposium.Santiego,USA:[s.n.],2010:1-5.
[15]MARKALOUS S M,TENBOHLEN S,FESER K.Detection and location of partial discharges in power transformers using acoustic and electromagnetic signals[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2008,15(6):1576-1583.
[16]LIU M J,LI Z H.An onlin UHF PD monitoring system for power transformer and its applications[C]//Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC).Chengdu,China:PEEC,2010:1-4.
[17]JUDD M D,LI Y,HUNTER I B.Partial discharge monitoring of power transformers using UHF sensors,part I:Sensors and signal interpretation[J].Electrical Insulation Magazine,IEEE,2005,21(2):5-14.
[18]刘君华,姚明,王江,等.基于GIS中电磁波传播路径特性的局放源定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(21):77-81.LIU Junhua,YAO Ming,WANG Jiang,et al.A partial discharge location method based on the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave propagation route in GIS[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(21):77-81.