车门玻璃运动优化及仿真分析
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摘要
基于鼓形面拟合双曲率车门玻璃的原理,提出了基于双曲率玻璃参数化模型的优化方法;结合梯度算法优化得出最佳的鼓轴位置以及最优的鼓形面,并模拟出鼓形双曲率玻璃在导轨中的运动,优化后玻璃的拟合及运动误差都控制在0.5mm以内,满足工程设计要求。针对鼓形双曲率玻璃的复杂运动轨迹,传统的二维摩擦作用建模已经无法满足空间约束下的运动阻力分析;利用非线性弹簧模拟车窗密封系统非线性夹持约束,建立车窗密封系统仿真模型,提取升降摩擦力,为后续优化设计提供参考。
Based on the theory of drum surface fitting the dual-curvature glass,a optimization method of dual-curvature glass parameter model was proposed. Gradient arithmetic was used to create the best drum axis and the drum surface which was closest to the a surfaces. The movement of the dual-curvature glass was imitated. The error after the optimization was below 0.5 mm,which shows that the optimizing method can meet the needs of the design precision of dual-curvature glass. Facing complex motion trail of dual-curvature glass,conventional 2D model can not satisfy movement analysis under spatial constraint. The window sealing model was constructed by using non-linear spring for modelling nonlinear constraint. Friction was extracted from the simulation result,which provides a reference for subsequent optimization design.
Based on the theory of drum surface fitting the dual-curvature glass,a optimization method of dual-curvature glass parameter model was proposed. Gradient arithmetic was used to create the best drum axis and the drum surface which was closest to the a surfaces. The movement of the dual-curvature glass was imitated. The error after the optimization was below 0.5 mm,which shows that the optimizing method can meet the needs of the design precision of dual-curvature glass. Facing complex motion trail of dual-curvature glass,conventional 2D model can not satisfy movement analysis under spatial constraint. The window sealing model was constructed by using non-linear spring for modelling nonlinear constraint. Friction was extracted from the simulation result,which provides a reference for subsequent optimization design.
引文
[1]高大威,高云凯,周晓燕.基于鼓形面的车门玻璃及导轨设计[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(1):92-96.(Gao Da-wei,Gao Yun-kai,Zhou Xiao-yan.Automotive door glass and guide rail with drum surface[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science Edition,2012,40(1):92-96.)
[2]雷雨成,张平,陈寿昌.双曲率车门玻璃的圆环面拟合法[J].汽车工程,2005,27(5):120-122.(Lei Yu-cheng,Zhang Ping,Chen Shou-chang.Torus surface fitting for dual curvature car door glass[J].Automotive Engineering,2005,27(5):120-122.)
[3]高云凯,赵懿,彭和东.环面玻璃轿车车门设计方法研究[J].汽车工程,2005,27(4):483-485.(Gao Yun-kai,Zhao Yi,Peng He-dong.Design method for car door glass with torus surface[J].Automotive Engineering,2005,27(4):483-485.)
[4]Lin Chun-liang.Virtual experimental design optimization on cabledrive glass guidance system[J].International Journal of Reliability,Quality and Safety Engineering,2002,9(4):317-328.
[5]Lin Chun-liang.Robust design of glass run-channel seal[J].SAE Paper2004-01-1687.
[6]H.Y.Chang,Ji Oh Song.Glass drop design for automobile windows design of glass contour,shape,drop motion,and motion guidance systems[J].SAE Paper 951110.
[7]黄燕敏.轿车玻璃导槽密封条结构改进方法[J].汽车技术,2013(6):39-43.(Huang Yan-min.Structural improvement method of glass rail sealing strip for cars[J].Automobile Technology,2013(6):39-43.)
[8]时贞军.无约束优化的超记忆梯度算法[J].工程数学学报,2000(2):99-104.(Shi Zhen-jun.A super memory gradient method for unconstrained optimization problem[J].Journal of Engineering Mathematics,2000(2):99-104.)
[9]张策,马力,王皎.非线性螺旋弹簧弹性特性的有限元分析[J].机械设计与制造,2005(9):3-5.(Zhang Ce,Ma Li,Wang Jiao.FEA of A nonlinear helical spring’s characteristic[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2005(9):3-5.)
[10]QC/T 636-2014,汽车电动玻璃升降器[S].(QC/T 636-2014,Electric window regulator specification for vehicles[S].)
[2]雷雨成,张平,陈寿昌.双曲率车门玻璃的圆环面拟合法[J].汽车工程,2005,27(5):120-122.(Lei Yu-cheng,Zhang Ping,Chen Shou-chang.Torus surface fitting for dual curvature car door glass[J].Automotive Engineering,2005,27(5):120-122.)
[3]高云凯,赵懿,彭和东.环面玻璃轿车车门设计方法研究[J].汽车工程,2005,27(4):483-485.(Gao Yun-kai,Zhao Yi,Peng He-dong.Design method for car door glass with torus surface[J].Automotive Engineering,2005,27(4):483-485.)
[4]Lin Chun-liang.Virtual experimental design optimization on cabledrive glass guidance system[J].International Journal of Reliability,Quality and Safety Engineering,2002,9(4):317-328.
[5]Lin Chun-liang.Robust design of glass run-channel seal[J].SAE Paper2004-01-1687.
[6]H.Y.Chang,Ji Oh Song.Glass drop design for automobile windows design of glass contour,shape,drop motion,and motion guidance systems[J].SAE Paper 951110.
[7]黄燕敏.轿车玻璃导槽密封条结构改进方法[J].汽车技术,2013(6):39-43.(Huang Yan-min.Structural improvement method of glass rail sealing strip for cars[J].Automobile Technology,2013(6):39-43.)
[8]时贞军.无约束优化的超记忆梯度算法[J].工程数学学报,2000(2):99-104.(Shi Zhen-jun.A super memory gradient method for unconstrained optimization problem[J].Journal of Engineering Mathematics,2000(2):99-104.)
[9]张策,马力,王皎.非线性螺旋弹簧弹性特性的有限元分析[J].机械设计与制造,2005(9):3-5.(Zhang Ce,Ma Li,Wang Jiao.FEA of A nonlinear helical spring’s characteristic[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2005(9):3-5.)
[10]QC/T 636-2014,汽车电动玻璃升降器[S].(QC/T 636-2014,Electric window regulator specification for vehicles[S].)