催化裂化提升管反应器出口快分构件优化
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摘要
针对京博石化一套FCC装置内粗旋结构,提出了一种内置导流板的粗旋结构,并采用Fluent软件对优化模型内气相流场、颗粒运行轨迹及分离效率进行数值研究,并与现场粗旋进行了对比。模拟结果表明:优化模型内切向速度呈驼峰分布;轴向速度呈马鞍形分布;压力分布呈轴对称分布,其沿轴向基本不变,而是随着半径的减小而降低。与现场模型相比,优化模型的切向速度、轴向速度都有所提高,有利于气-固的分离;压降有所降低,提高了旋风分离器的性能;分离效率主要是对粒径范围5～20μm的颗粒提高较大。此外,随着入口速度的增大,其分离效率增大的同时压降也增大,因此需综合考虑。
A new fast separator with internal flow guide was proposed compared with traditional riser structure in an FCC unit for Jingbo Petrochemical.The gas flow profile,particle movement and separation efficiency were simulated using Fluent for both optimized and traditional riser structure.For the optimized structure,simulation results suggest that the tangential velocity exhibits hump type distribution,and axial velocity is saddle-shape distribution.The pressure distribution is axial symmetry.The pressure does not change along the axial direction,but decreases with radius.Compared with traditional structure,both of tangential velocity and axial velocity in the optimized structure are higher,which is in favor of gas and solid separation.In addition,for the optimized structural design,pressure drop is much lower,which indicates higher cyclone separation efficiency.It can be observed that the separation efficiency for 5-20μm particles can be greatly improved.As inlet velocity increases,separation efficiency will improve,but this will lead to a higher pressure drop.Therefore,the determination of inlet gas velocity in operation should consider the above two factors.
A new fast separator with internal flow guide was proposed compared with traditional riser structure in an FCC unit for Jingbo Petrochemical.The gas flow profile,particle movement and separation efficiency were simulated using Fluent for both optimized and traditional riser structure.For the optimized structure,simulation results suggest that the tangential velocity exhibits hump type distribution,and axial velocity is saddle-shape distribution.The pressure distribution is axial symmetry.The pressure does not change along the axial direction,but decreases with radius.Compared with traditional structure,both of tangential velocity and axial velocity in the optimized structure are higher,which is in favor of gas and solid separation.In addition,for the optimized structural design,pressure drop is much lower,which indicates higher cyclone separation efficiency.It can be observed that the separation efficiency for 5-20μm particles can be greatly improved.As inlet velocity increases,separation efficiency will improve,but this will lead to a higher pressure drop.Therefore,the determination of inlet gas velocity in operation should consider the above two factors.
引文
[1]刘梦溪,卢春喜,时铭显.催化裂化后反应系统快分的研究进展[J].化工学报,2016,67(8):3133-3145.(LIU Mengxi,LU Chunxi,SHI Mingxian.Advances in quick separators of post-riser system in FRCC unit[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2016,67(8):3133-3145.)
[2]刘汉生.双提升管在催化裂化过程强化中的应用[D].天津:天津大学,2005.
[3]MILLER R B,JOHNSON T E,SANTNER C R,et al.FCC reactor product-catalyst separation:Ten years of commercial experience with closed cyclones[C]//Washington D.C.:Annual Meeting of the National Petroleum Refiners Association,1995.
[4]KRAMBECK F J,SCHATZ K W.Closed reactor FCCsystem with provisions for surge capacity:US,4624772A[P].1986.
[5]CETINKAYA I B.Disengager stripper:US,5158669[P].1992.
[6]CETINKAYA I B.External integrated disengager stripper and its use in fluidized catalytic cracking process:US,5314611A[P].1994.
[7]EARL G,LETZSCH W S.Short residence time cracking apparatus and process:US,5662868 A[P].1997-09-02.
[8]卢春喜,徐桂明,卢水根,等.用于催化裂化的预汽提式提升管末端快分系统的研究及工业应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(1):33-37.(LU Chunxi,XUGuiming,LU Shuigen,et al.Study and industry application of a pre-stripping separation system for riser termination of FCCU[J].China Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,2002,33(1):33-37.)
[9]卢春喜,刘为民,高金森,等.重油催化裂化反应系统集成技术及应用[J].石化技术与应用,2006,24(1):1-4.(LU Chunxi,LIU Weimin,GAO Jinsen,et al.Integrated technique and application of heavy oil catalytic cracking reaction system[J].Petrochemical Technology&Application,2006,24(1):1-4.)
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[11]曹占友,时铭显.催化裂化提升管末端旋流式快速分离系统的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,1996,27(10):10-13.(CAO Zhanyou,SHI Mingxian.Study of a vortex rough cut separation system for FCC riser outlet[J].Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,1996,27(10):10-13.)
[12]卢春喜,蔡智,时铭显.催化裂化提升管出口旋流式快分(VQS)系统的实验研究与工业应用[J].石油学报(石油加工),2004,20(3):24-29.(LU Chunxi,CAIZhi,SHI Mingxian.Experimental study and industry application of a new vortex quick separation system at FCCU riser outlet[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2004,20(3):24-29.)
[13]孙凤侠,卢春喜,时铭显.旋流快分器内气相流场的实验与数值模拟研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,29(3):106-111.(SUN Fengxia,LUChunxi,SHI Mingxian.Experiment and numerical simulation of gas flow field in new vortex quick separation system[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,2005,29(3):106-111.)
[14]孙凤侠,卢春喜,时铭显.催化裂化沉降器旋流快分器内气体停留时间分布的数值模拟研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(6):77-82.(SUNFengxia,LU Chunxi,SHI Mingxian.Numerical simulation of gas residence time distribution in vortex quick separator of FCC disengager[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Nature Science Edition),2006,30(6):77-82.)
[15]卢春喜,李汝新,刘显成,等.催化裂化提升管出口超短快分的分离效率模型[J].高校化学工程学报,2008,22(1):65-70.(LU Chunxi,LI Ruxin,LIUXiancheng,et al.Gas-solid separation model of a novel FCC riser terminator device:Super short quick separator[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2008,22(1):65-70.)
[16]严超宇,卢春喜,刘显成,等.一种新型气固分离器内气相流场的数值模拟[J].高校化学工程学报,2007,21(3):392-397.(YAN Chaoyu,LU Chunxi,LIUXiancheng,et al.Numerical simulation of flow field in a novel gas-solids separator[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2007,21(3):392-397.)
[17]刘显成,卢春喜,时铭显.基于离心与惯性作用的新型气固分离装置的结构[J].过程工程学报,2005,5(5):504-508.(LIU Xiancheng,LU Chunxi,SHI Mingxian.Structural optimization of a novel gas-solid separator incorporating inertial and centrifugal separation[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2005,5(5):504-508.)
[18]潘传九,靳兆文,冯秀.旋风分离器的螺旋导流和防返混[J].化工进展,2012,31(6):1215-1219.(PANChuanjiu,JIN Zhaowen,FENG Xiu.Research on the spiral guiding and the back-mixing preventing of cyclone separating devices[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2012,31(6):1215-1219.)
[19]李秋萍,徐永杰,都丽红,等.带导流叶片的JLX型旋风分离器数值模拟研究[J].化学工程,2015,43(1):37-41.(LI Qiuping,XU Yongjie,DU Lihong,et al.Numerical simulation of JLX cyclone separator with guiding vane[J].Chemical Engineering,2015,43(1):37-41.)
[20]李东芳.循环流化床锅炉内气固两相流动的数值模拟[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2009.
[21]王建.短接触旋流反应器的冷模实验研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011.
[22]王浩.旋风分离器内两相流动的数值模拟研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2007.
[23]SANG K N,SHIN C B,ECONOMOU D J.Twodimensional plasma reactor simulation with selfconsistent coupling of gas flow with plasma transport[J].Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,1999,2(3):271-279.
[24]韩梦媛.旋风分离器流场结构模拟研究[J].化工管理,2014,(15):156-156.(HAN Mengyuan.Study on flow field structure simulation of cyclone separator[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2014,(15):156-156.)
[25]王振波,任相军,马艺,等.轴流式气液旋流分离器分离效率计算及验证[J].石油化工设备,2010,39(6):4-6.(WANG Zhenbo,REN Xiangjun,MA Yi,et al.Theoretical analysis and separation efficiency calculation of axial-flow hydrocyclone for gas-liquid separation[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment,2010,39(6):4-6.)
[26]王振波,马艺,金有海.切流式旋流器内两相流场的模拟[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(4):136-140.(WANG Zhenbo,MA Yi,JIN Youhai.Simulation of two-phase flow field in tangential hydrocyclone[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(4):136-140.)
[2]刘汉生.双提升管在催化裂化过程强化中的应用[D].天津:天津大学,2005.
[3]MILLER R B,JOHNSON T E,SANTNER C R,et al.FCC reactor product-catalyst separation:Ten years of commercial experience with closed cyclones[C]//Washington D.C.:Annual Meeting of the National Petroleum Refiners Association,1995.
[4]KRAMBECK F J,SCHATZ K W.Closed reactor FCCsystem with provisions for surge capacity:US,4624772A[P].1986.
[5]CETINKAYA I B.Disengager stripper:US,5158669[P].1992.
[6]CETINKAYA I B.External integrated disengager stripper and its use in fluidized catalytic cracking process:US,5314611A[P].1994.
[7]EARL G,LETZSCH W S.Short residence time cracking apparatus and process:US,5662868 A[P].1997-09-02.
[8]卢春喜,徐桂明,卢水根,等.用于催化裂化的预汽提式提升管末端快分系统的研究及工业应用[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(1):33-37.(LU Chunxi,XUGuiming,LU Shuigen,et al.Study and industry application of a pre-stripping separation system for riser termination of FCCU[J].China Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,2002,33(1):33-37.)
[9]卢春喜,刘为民,高金森,等.重油催化裂化反应系统集成技术及应用[J].石化技术与应用,2006,24(1):1-4.(LU Chunxi,LIU Weimin,GAO Jinsen,et al.Integrated technique and application of heavy oil catalytic cracking reaction system[J].Petrochemical Technology&Application,2006,24(1):1-4.)
[10]卢春喜,时铭显.国产新型催化裂化提升管出口快分系统[J].石化技术与应用,2007,25(2):142-146.(LUChunxi,SHI Mingxian.Novel catalytic cracking riser termination devices in China[J].Petrochemical Technology&Application,2007,25(2):142-146.)
[11]曹占友,时铭显.催化裂化提升管末端旋流式快速分离系统的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,1996,27(10):10-13.(CAO Zhanyou,SHI Mingxian.Study of a vortex rough cut separation system for FCC riser outlet[J].Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,1996,27(10):10-13.)
[12]卢春喜,蔡智,时铭显.催化裂化提升管出口旋流式快分(VQS)系统的实验研究与工业应用[J].石油学报(石油加工),2004,20(3):24-29.(LU Chunxi,CAIZhi,SHI Mingxian.Experimental study and industry application of a new vortex quick separation system at FCCU riser outlet[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2004,20(3):24-29.)
[13]孙凤侠,卢春喜,时铭显.旋流快分器内气相流场的实验与数值模拟研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,29(3):106-111.(SUN Fengxia,LUChunxi,SHI Mingxian.Experiment and numerical simulation of gas flow field in new vortex quick separation system[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,2005,29(3):106-111.)
[14]孙凤侠,卢春喜,时铭显.催化裂化沉降器旋流快分器内气体停留时间分布的数值模拟研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(6):77-82.(SUNFengxia,LU Chunxi,SHI Mingxian.Numerical simulation of gas residence time distribution in vortex quick separator of FCC disengager[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Nature Science Edition),2006,30(6):77-82.)
[15]卢春喜,李汝新,刘显成,等.催化裂化提升管出口超短快分的分离效率模型[J].高校化学工程学报,2008,22(1):65-70.(LU Chunxi,LI Ruxin,LIUXiancheng,et al.Gas-solid separation model of a novel FCC riser terminator device:Super short quick separator[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2008,22(1):65-70.)
[16]严超宇,卢春喜,刘显成,等.一种新型气固分离器内气相流场的数值模拟[J].高校化学工程学报,2007,21(3):392-397.(YAN Chaoyu,LU Chunxi,LIUXiancheng,et al.Numerical simulation of flow field in a novel gas-solids separator[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2007,21(3):392-397.)
[17]刘显成,卢春喜,时铭显.基于离心与惯性作用的新型气固分离装置的结构[J].过程工程学报,2005,5(5):504-508.(LIU Xiancheng,LU Chunxi,SHI Mingxian.Structural optimization of a novel gas-solid separator incorporating inertial and centrifugal separation[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2005,5(5):504-508.)
[18]潘传九,靳兆文,冯秀.旋风分离器的螺旋导流和防返混[J].化工进展,2012,31(6):1215-1219.(PANChuanjiu,JIN Zhaowen,FENG Xiu.Research on the spiral guiding and the back-mixing preventing of cyclone separating devices[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2012,31(6):1215-1219.)
[19]李秋萍,徐永杰,都丽红,等.带导流叶片的JLX型旋风分离器数值模拟研究[J].化学工程,2015,43(1):37-41.(LI Qiuping,XU Yongjie,DU Lihong,et al.Numerical simulation of JLX cyclone separator with guiding vane[J].Chemical Engineering,2015,43(1):37-41.)
[20]李东芳.循环流化床锅炉内气固两相流动的数值模拟[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2009.
[21]王建.短接触旋流反应器的冷模实验研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2011.
[22]王浩.旋风分离器内两相流动的数值模拟研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2007.
[23]SANG K N,SHIN C B,ECONOMOU D J.Twodimensional plasma reactor simulation with selfconsistent coupling of gas flow with plasma transport[J].Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,1999,2(3):271-279.
[24]韩梦媛.旋风分离器流场结构模拟研究[J].化工管理,2014,(15):156-156.(HAN Mengyuan.Study on flow field structure simulation of cyclone separator[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2014,(15):156-156.)
[25]王振波,任相军,马艺,等.轴流式气液旋流分离器分离效率计算及验证[J].石油化工设备,2010,39(6):4-6.(WANG Zhenbo,REN Xiangjun,MA Yi,et al.Theoretical analysis and separation efficiency calculation of axial-flow hydrocyclone for gas-liquid separation[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment,2010,39(6):4-6.)
[26]王振波,马艺,金有海.切流式旋流器内两相流场的模拟[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(4):136-140.(WANG Zhenbo,MA Yi,JIN Youhai.Simulation of two-phase flow field in tangential hydrocyclone[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(4):136-140.)