三星时差定位系统的有源校正算法
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摘要
针对三星时差(TDOA)定位系统中,由星历误差和时间同步误差导致无法精确定位的问题,提出一种基于正交投影的两步迭代有源校正算法。该算法首先利用正交投影将时间同步误差从观测方程剔除,然后引入一个与辐射源位置和星历误差有关的中间变量,通过对中间变量的最优估计消除星历误差对定位精度的影响,最后利用中间变量求解出目标辐射源位置。仿真结果表明,所提算法定位性能的仿真值和理论值均可以达到克拉美-罗界(CRLB),当TDOA观测噪声较小且有3个以上参考源时,可以完全校正星历误差和时间同步误差对定位精度的影响。
A location algorithm based on tri-satellite time difference of arrival( TDOA) location system is proposed to calibrate the location error caused by the ephemeris error and synchronization error. Firstly the proposed algorithm eliminates the synchronization error by using the rectangular projection,then eliminates the impact of the ephemeris error on the location error via the optimum estimation of an intermediate variable which is related to the target source and ephemeris error,and finally derives the location of the target source based on the intermediate variable. The simulation results demonstrate that the simulated location error and theoretical location error of the proposed algorithm can both reach CramerRao lower bound( CRLB). Besides,the proposed algorithm can eliminate the location error caused by the ephemeris error and synchronization error completely under the condition that the TDOA noise is much smaller than ephemeris error and the number of the calibration sources is more than or equal to three.
A location algorithm based on tri-satellite time difference of arrival( TDOA) location system is proposed to calibrate the location error caused by the ephemeris error and synchronization error. Firstly the proposed algorithm eliminates the synchronization error by using the rectangular projection,then eliminates the impact of the ephemeris error on the location error via the optimum estimation of an intermediate variable which is related to the target source and ephemeris error,and finally derives the location of the target source based on the intermediate variable. The simulation results demonstrate that the simulated location error and theoretical location error of the proposed algorithm can both reach CramerRao lower bound( CRLB). Besides,the proposed algorithm can eliminate the location error caused by the ephemeris error and synchronization error completely under the condition that the TDOA noise is much smaller than ephemeris error and the number of the calibration sources is more than or equal to three.
引文
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[12]Ho K C,Yang L.On the use on of a calibration emitter for source localization in the presence of sensor position uncertainty[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2008,56(12):5758-5772.
[13]Steven M K.统计信号处理基础[M].罗鹏飞,张文明,刘忠,等译.北京:电子工业出版社,2011.
[2]Ho K C,Chan Y T.Geolocation of a known altitude object from TDOA and FDOA measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1997,33(3):770-783.
[3]Wang D,Wei S,Wu Y.A performance analysis of multi-satellite joint geolocation[J].Front.Inform.Technol.Electron.Eng.,2016,17(12):1360-1387.
[4]Wang Y,Ho K C.TDOA source localization in the presence of synchronization clock bias and sensor position errors[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,61(18):4532-4544.
[5]Ma Z H,Ho K C.A study on the effects of sensor position error and the placement of calibration emitter for source localization[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2014,13(10):5440-5452.
[6]Li J Z,Pang H W,Guo F C,et al.Localization of multiple disjoint sources with prior knowledge on source locations in the presence of sensor location errors[J].Digital Signal Processing,2015(40):181-197.
[7]Yang L,Ho K C.Alleviating sensor position error in source localization using calibration emitters at inaccurate locations[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2010,58(1):67-83.
[8]夏畅雄,叶尚福,王俊辉.卫星干扰源定位系统中卫星星历星历校正技术[J].宇航学报,2008,29(3):860-863.[Xia Chang-xiong,Ye Shang-fu,Wang Jun-hui.Ephemeris determination in satellite interference location system[J].Journal of Astronautics,2008,29(3):860-863.]
[9]王鼎.观测站位置状态扰动下Taylor级数迭代定位方法及性能分析[J].宇航学报,2013,34(12):1634-1643.[Wang Ding.The Taylor-series location and its performance analysis with erroneous observer positions[J].Journal of Astronautics,2013,34(12):1634-1643.]
[10]Liu C,Yang L,Mihaylova L.Dual-satellite source geolocation with time and frequency offsets and satellite location errors[C].The 20th International Conference on Information Fusion,Xi’an,China,July 10-13,2017.
[11]王莹桂,李腾,陈振林,等.三星时差定位系统的四站标定方法[J].宇航学报,2010,31(5):1352-1356.[Wang Yinggui,Li Teng,Chen Zhen-lin,et al.Tri-satellite TDOA location system-based four station calibration technique[J].Journal of Astronautics,2010,31(5):1352-1356.]
[12]Ho K C,Yang L.On the use on of a calibration emitter for source localization in the presence of sensor position uncertainty[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2008,56(12):5758-5772.
[13]Steven M K.统计信号处理基础[M].罗鹏飞,张文明,刘忠,等译.北京:电子工业出版社,2011.