不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波测距算法研究
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摘要
为了降低当前行波故障测距方法存在的同步精度要求高、通信量大、无法确定实际波速等缺点,并提高测距系统的容错率和可靠性,提出一种不同步双端数据修正波速的单端行波定位方法。通过分析行波折射和反射的极性变化,并引入零模、线模波速差原理辅助判据,确立接收扰动下的单端入射波和对端反射波的时间差,进一步根据双端的这个时间差修正波速,最后利用修正波速和单端时间差可精确实现故障定位。本算法综合单端易于时间精确同步和双端修正波速的优点,降低了双端行波故障测距方法对高精度双端时间同步要求,同时双端仅交换单端时间差信息,降低了通信的依赖性。仿真比较结果显示所提出的方法具有很高的定位精度,受时间同步和波速的影响小。
In order to solve those problems,for example high precision synchronization requirements,heavy traffic,and uncertainty of wave velocity,and at the same time improve the tolerance rate and reliability of the location system,this paper presents a new method for single-terminal traveling wave location with amended wave velocity by two-terminal asynchronous data. By analyzing the changes of polarity of the wave after catadioptric and introducing zero-modulus and line modulus wave velocity contrast as auxiliary criterion,it counts the time-lag between initial wave and reflected wave from remote bus under receiving disturbance,then amends the value of wave velocity through this time-lag of two terminals,finally uses the amended velocity and time-lag of single terminal to locate the fault accurately. This algorithm integrates the advatages of single-terminal data easy to time synchronization and two-terminal data amending the wave velocity,reduces high precision time synchronization required by the two-terminal traveling wave fault location; and at the same time two terminals only exchange time-lag of single terminal,which will reduce the communication dependency. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation show that this method has high precision for fault location,and also decreases the negative influence made by wave velocity and time synchronization.
In order to solve those problems,for example high precision synchronization requirements,heavy traffic,and uncertainty of wave velocity,and at the same time improve the tolerance rate and reliability of the location system,this paper presents a new method for single-terminal traveling wave location with amended wave velocity by two-terminal asynchronous data. By analyzing the changes of polarity of the wave after catadioptric and introducing zero-modulus and line modulus wave velocity contrast as auxiliary criterion,it counts the time-lag between initial wave and reflected wave from remote bus under receiving disturbance,then amends the value of wave velocity through this time-lag of two terminals,finally uses the amended velocity and time-lag of single terminal to locate the fault accurately. This algorithm integrates the advatages of single-terminal data easy to time synchronization and two-terminal data amending the wave velocity,reduces high precision time synchronization required by the two-terminal traveling wave fault location; and at the same time two terminals only exchange time-lag of single terminal,which will reduce the communication dependency. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation show that this method has high precision for fault location,and also decreases the negative influence made by wave velocity and time synchronization.
引文
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[12]胡汉梅,黄景光,刘会家.基于小波分析的行波相位比较法接地故障选线[J].高电压技术,2007,33(12):168-172.HU Hanmei,HUANG Jingguang,LIU Huijia.Grounding failure detection by comparing phases of traveling wave wavelets coefficients[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(12):168-172.
[13]ROBSON S,HADDAD A,GRIFFITHS H.Fault location on branched networks using a multi-ended approach[J].IEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(4):1955-1961.
[14]宋国兵,靳东晖,靳幸福,等.CSC-HVDC输电线路单端行波自动故障定位方法[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):588-596.SONG Guobing,JIN Donghui,JIN Xingfu,et al.Automatic fault location method for traveling wave on HVDC transmission line using single-terminal data[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):588-596.
[15]董杏丽,董新洲,张言苍,等.基于小波变换的行波极性比较式方向保护原理研究[J].电力系统自动化,2000,34(11):11-16.DONG Xingli,DONG Xinzhou,ZHANG Yancang,et al.Directional protective relaying based on polarity comparison of travelling wave by using wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2000,34(11):11-16.
[16]张峰,梁军,张利,等.奇异值分解理论和小波变换结合的行波信号奇异点检测[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(20):57-60.ZHANG Feng,LIANG Jun,ZHANG Li,et al.Traveling wave signal processing method for singularity detection based on singularity value decomposition and wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(20):57-60.
[17]林圣,何正友,陈鉴,等.基于行波时频特征的单端故障测距方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):258-264.LIN Sheng,HE Zhengyou,CHEN Jian,et al.A single terminal fault location method based on time-frequency characteristic of traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):258-264.
[18]张小丽,曾祥君,马洪江,等.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的电网故障行波定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(8):64-68.ZHANG Xiaoli,ZENG Xiangjun,MA Hongjiang,et al.Power grid faults location with traveling wave based on Hilbert-Huang transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(8):64-68.
[19]彭向阳,毛先胤,李鑫,等.架空输电线路故障分布式行波定位误差分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(11):2706-2713.PENG Xiangyang,MAO Xianyin,LI Xin,et al.Errors analysis of overhead transmission line fault location based on distributed travelling-wave[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(11):2706-2713.
[20]束洪春,曹璞璘,董俊.考虑线路参数依频特性的特高压半波长交流输电线路行波传播分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):716-723.SHU Hongchun,CAO Pulin,DONG Jun.Analysis of traveling wave in UHV half-wavelength transmission lines considering frequency dependent characteristics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):716-723.
[21]梁睿,孙式想.单端行波故障测距的组合方法研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):699-706.LIANG Rui,SUN Shixiang.A combined method for single-ended traveling wave fault location[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):699-706.
[2]刘慧海,张晓莉,姜博,等.行波故障测距装置的检测与评价[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(1):145-149.LIU Huihai,ZHANG Xiaoli,JIANG Bo,et al.Testing and evaluation method of fault location equipment based on traveling wave[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(1):145-149.
[3]姚致清,刘涛,张爱玲,等.直流融冰技术的研究及应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(21):57-62.YAO Zhiqing,LIU Tao,ZHANG Ailing,et al.Research&application on DC de-icing technology[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(21):57-62.
[4]姚致清,于飞,赵倩,等.基于模块化多电平换流器的大型光伏并网系统仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(36):27-33.YAO Zhiqing,YU Fei,ZHAO Qian,et al.Simulation research on large-scale PV grid-connected systems based on MMC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(36):27-33.
[5]高艳丰,朱永利,闫红艳,等.一种新型的输电线路双端行波故障定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(8):8-13.GAO Yanfeng,ZHU Yongli,YAN Hongyan,et al.A new fault location method of transmission lines based on double-terminal traveling wave[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(8):8-13.
[6]毛王清,杨琦,杨明玉.故障极识别与故障测距一体化的智能算法[J].陕西电力,2015,43(6):43-46.MAO Wangqing,YANG Qi,YANG Mingyu.Intelligent algorithm integrating fault pole identification and faultlocation[J].Shaanxi Electric Power,2015,43(6):43-46.
[7]牛睿,梁军,张峰,等.基于可变行波辨识时窗的单端故障定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(24):56-64.NIU Rui,LIANG Jun,ZHANG Feng.Single-ended fault location method based on variable time windows for traveling wave identification[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(24):56-64.
[8]徐铭铭,肖立业,林良真,等.基于零模行波衰减特性的配电线路单相接地故障测距方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):397-404.XU Mingming,XIAO Liye,LIN Liangzhen,et al.A fault location method for the single-phase-to-earth fault in distribution system based on the attenuation characteristic of zero-mode traveling wave[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):397-404.
[9]徐敏,蔡泽祥,刘永浩,等.基于宽频信息的高压直流输电线路行波故障测距方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(1):260-265.XU Min,CAI Zexiang,LIU Yonghao,et al.A novel fault location method for HVDC transmission line based on the broadband travelling wave information[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(1):260-265.
[10]郑州,吕艳萍,王杰,等.基于小波变换的双端行波测距新方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(1):203-207.ZHENG Zhou,LüYanping,WANG Jie,et al.A new two-terminal traveling wave fault location method based on wavelet transform[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(1):203-207.
[11]范国琛,朱永利,史金茂,等.基于Kaiser自卷积窗的相位比较式输电线路故障定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(7):143-148.FAN Guochen,ZHU Yongli,SHI Jinmao,et al.Fault location scheme for transmission lines using Kaiser selfconvolution windowed FFT phase comparison[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(7):143-148.
[12]胡汉梅,黄景光,刘会家.基于小波分析的行波相位比较法接地故障选线[J].高电压技术,2007,33(12):168-172.HU Hanmei,HUANG Jingguang,LIU Huijia.Grounding failure detection by comparing phases of traveling wave wavelets coefficients[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(12):168-172.
[13]ROBSON S,HADDAD A,GRIFFITHS H.Fault location on branched networks using a multi-ended approach[J].IEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(4):1955-1961.
[14]宋国兵,靳东晖,靳幸福,等.CSC-HVDC输电线路单端行波自动故障定位方法[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):588-596.SONG Guobing,JIN Donghui,JIN Xingfu,et al.Automatic fault location method for traveling wave on HVDC transmission line using single-terminal data[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):588-596.
[15]董杏丽,董新洲,张言苍,等.基于小波变换的行波极性比较式方向保护原理研究[J].电力系统自动化,2000,34(11):11-16.DONG Xingli,DONG Xinzhou,ZHANG Yancang,et al.Directional protective relaying based on polarity comparison of travelling wave by using wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2000,34(11):11-16.
[16]张峰,梁军,张利,等.奇异值分解理论和小波变换结合的行波信号奇异点检测[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(20):57-60.ZHANG Feng,LIANG Jun,ZHANG Li,et al.Traveling wave signal processing method for singularity detection based on singularity value decomposition and wavelet transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(20):57-60.
[17]林圣,何正友,陈鉴,等.基于行波时频特征的单端故障测距方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):258-264.LIN Sheng,HE Zhengyou,CHEN Jian,et al.A single terminal fault location method based on time-frequency characteristic of traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):258-264.
[18]张小丽,曾祥君,马洪江,等.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的电网故障行波定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(8):64-68.ZHANG Xiaoli,ZENG Xiangjun,MA Hongjiang,et al.Power grid faults location with traveling wave based on Hilbert-Huang transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(8):64-68.
[19]彭向阳,毛先胤,李鑫,等.架空输电线路故障分布式行波定位误差分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(11):2706-2713.PENG Xiangyang,MAO Xianyin,LI Xin,et al.Errors analysis of overhead transmission line fault location based on distributed travelling-wave[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(11):2706-2713.
[20]束洪春,曹璞璘,董俊.考虑线路参数依频特性的特高压半波长交流输电线路行波传播分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):716-723.SHU Hongchun,CAO Pulin,DONG Jun.Analysis of traveling wave in UHV half-wavelength transmission lines considering frequency dependent characteristics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):716-723.
[21]梁睿,孙式想.单端行波故障测距的组合方法研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):699-706.LIANG Rui,SUN Shixiang.A combined method for single-ended traveling wave fault location[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):699-706.