不同杀虫剂对姜异型眼蕈蚊毒力和药效评价
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摘要
[目的]探讨不同杀虫剂防治姜异型眼蕈蚊的应用前景。[方法]采用胃毒触杀联合毒力法和田间试验比较了6种杀虫剂的毒力和防治效果。[结果]除球孢白僵菌外,吡丙醚毒力最高为0.82 mg/kg,其次为高效氯氰菊酯、氟啶脲、辛硫磷、吡虫啉。田间药效试验表明:药后150 d,5%吡丙醚ME、50 g/L氟啶脲EC防治效果最高为85.02%、82.98%,显著高于70%辛硫磷EC、200亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌OD处理;药后180 d,200亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌OD、5%吡丙醚ME、50 g/L氟啶脲EC处理防治效果最好,分别为84.76%、80.21%、79.01%,均显著高于4.5%高效氯氰菊酯ME、70%辛硫磷EC的防治效果。[结论]从杀虫剂毒力和防治效果来看,可以考虑将吡丙醚、氟啶脲、球孢白僵菌用于储藏期姜异型眼蕈蚊的防治。
[Aims] This study aims to investigate the application prospect of different insecticides to Phyxia scabiei Hopk. [Methods] The stomach and contact poison test and field trials were carried out to compare the toxicity and control effect of six insecticides. [Results] The results indicated that expect for beauveria bassiana, the toxicity of pyriproxyfen was the highest with the value of 0.82 mg/kg, followed by beta-cypermethrin, chlorfluazuron, phoxim,imidacloprid. The field trial showed that at 150 d after treatment, the control effect of pyriproxyfen 5% ME and chlorfluazuron 50 g/L EC were 85.02 and 82.98%, significantly higher than those of phoxim 70% EC and beauveria bassiana 20 billion spores/g OD. At 180 d after treatment, beauveria bassiana 20 billion spores/g OD, pyriproxyfen 5%ME, chlorfluazuron 50 g/L EC indicated best control effects with the value of 84.76, 80.21, 79.01%, which were significantly higher than beta-cypermethrin 4.5% ME and phoxim 70% EC. [Conclusions] From perspective of the toxicity and control effect, the pyriproxyfen, chlorfluazuron and beauveria bassiana could be considered as ideal candidates to control P. scabiei Hopk in the storage period of ginger.
[Aims] This study aims to investigate the application prospect of different insecticides to Phyxia scabiei Hopk. [Methods] The stomach and contact poison test and field trials were carried out to compare the toxicity and control effect of six insecticides. [Results] The results indicated that expect for beauveria bassiana, the toxicity of pyriproxyfen was the highest with the value of 0.82 mg/kg, followed by beta-cypermethrin, chlorfluazuron, phoxim,imidacloprid. The field trial showed that at 150 d after treatment, the control effect of pyriproxyfen 5% ME and chlorfluazuron 50 g/L EC were 85.02 and 82.98%, significantly higher than those of phoxim 70% EC and beauveria bassiana 20 billion spores/g OD. At 180 d after treatment, beauveria bassiana 20 billion spores/g OD, pyriproxyfen 5%ME, chlorfluazuron 50 g/L EC indicated best control effects with the value of 84.76, 80.21, 79.01%, which were significantly higher than beta-cypermethrin 4.5% ME and phoxim 70% EC. [Conclusions] From perspective of the toxicity and control effect, the pyriproxyfen, chlorfluazuron and beauveria bassiana could be considered as ideal candidates to control P. scabiei Hopk in the storage period of ginger.
引文
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[5]张鹏,陈澄宇,李慧,等.七种新烟碱类杀虫剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫及蚯蚓的选择毒力[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):79-86.
[6]农药田间药效试验准则第60部分:杀虫剂防治姜(储藏期)异型眼蕈蚊幼虫.NY/T 1464.60-2016[S].北京:农业部农药检定所,2016.
[7]王波.出口生姜农药残留超标的原因及应对策略[J].天津农业科学,2009,15(4):35-36.
[8]马晓丹,薛明,李朝霞,等.五种昆虫生长调节剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的致毒作用[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(2):271-277.
[9]左兆河,张秀波,史建伟,等.吡丙醚在生姜贮存期防治姜异型眼蕈蚊幼虫的可行性及安全性研究[J].农药科学与管理,2015,36(11):35-39.
[10]周仙红,马韬,庄乾营,等.球孢白僵菌对韭蛆的室内生物测定和田间效果评价[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(7):117-120.
[2]姚晗珺,章强华,董国堃.种植生姜使用农药的风险分析和关键控制点透视[J].农药,2009,48(4):242-244.
[3]孙霞,苏有刚,王峰祥.毛茛粗提物对异型眼蕈蚊的毒力活性研究[J].山东农业科学,2011(2):80-82.
[4]孙霞,王峰祥,王冬梅,等.异型眼蕈蚊简易饲养技术[J].植物保护,2010,36(4):167-169.
[5]张鹏,陈澄宇,李慧,等.七种新烟碱类杀虫剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫及蚯蚓的选择毒力[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):79-86.
[6]农药田间药效试验准则第60部分:杀虫剂防治姜(储藏期)异型眼蕈蚊幼虫.NY/T 1464.60-2016[S].北京:农业部农药检定所,2016.
[7]王波.出口生姜农药残留超标的原因及应对策略[J].天津农业科学,2009,15(4):35-36.
[8]马晓丹,薛明,李朝霞,等.五种昆虫生长调节剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的致毒作用[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(2):271-277.
[9]左兆河,张秀波,史建伟,等.吡丙醚在生姜贮存期防治姜异型眼蕈蚊幼虫的可行性及安全性研究[J].农药科学与管理,2015,36(11):35-39.
[10]周仙红,马韬,庄乾营,等.球孢白僵菌对韭蛆的室内生物测定和田间效果评价[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(7):117-120.