地基大口径望远镜库德光路误差建模
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摘要
为更好地实现地基大口径望远镜库徳光路的集成装调,在三个层次上对其误差进行分析,并利用"Brownian Bridge"过程建立了库徳光路误差模型。首先,基于光径方程分析了库徳光路在大气扰动影响下的光线偏离情况;其次,分析了动态误差所引起的光学模糊以及重力作用下的累积印透效应;最后,根据"Brownian Bridge"过程,在充分考虑误差闭合链的情况下,建立了库徳焦点位置误差的模型。结果表明:即使在0.4℃/m的温差下,大气扰动也可以引起0.2″左右的偏差,且与2.3 mm的大气相干长度等效。同时,由于折光补偿的符号是一致的,故无法依靠多次测量平均抵消大气扰动的影响。根据改进的误差模型,库徳焦点的位置误差与基于独立同分布的假设所得的结果相比,降低了约20%,即更充分地考虑了误差闭合的情况。
In order to better analyze th e integrated installation of ground-based large telescopes′ Coude optics system, the error analysis was carried out on three levels, and the "Brownian Bridge" walk was used to establish the Coude optics system error model. Firstly, based on the equation of light path, the optical fuzzy the Coude optics system under the influence of atmosphere disturbed was analyzed.Secondly, the optical blur caused by dynamic error and the accumulation printing through effect of gravity were analyzed. Finally, using the "Brownian Bridge" walk, the error model of the focus position of the Coude optics system was established under the full consideration of error chain closure. The results show that even in the temperature gradient of 0.4 ℃/m, atmospheric disturbances can also cause the deviation of about 0.2″, equaling to the atmospheric coherent length of 2.3 mm. On the other hand,because the symbols of the refractive compensation were consistent, the effects of atmospheric disturbances cannot be compensated by averaging. According to the improved error model, focus position error of the Coude optics system reduce about 20% compared to the results obtained based on the assumption of independent distribution, that is, the error closure was considered more fully.
In order to better analyze th e integrated installation of ground-based large telescopes′ Coude optics system, the error analysis was carried out on three levels, and the "Brownian Bridge" walk was used to establish the Coude optics system error model. Firstly, based on the equation of light path, the optical fuzzy the Coude optics system under the influence of atmosphere disturbed was analyzed.Secondly, the optical blur caused by dynamic error and the accumulation printing through effect of gravity were analyzed. Finally, using the "Brownian Bridge" walk, the error model of the focus position of the Coude optics system was established under the full consideration of error chain closure. The results show that even in the temperature gradient of 0.4 ℃/m, atmospheric disturbances can also cause the deviation of about 0.2″, equaling to the atmospheric coherent length of 2.3 mm. On the other hand,because the symbols of the refractive compensation were consistent, the effects of atmospheric disturbances cannot be compensated by averaging. According to the improved error model, focus position error of the Coude optics system reduce about 20% compared to the results obtained based on the assumption of independent distribution, that is, the error closure was considered more fully.
引文
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[2]Yuan Shuai,Zhang Jingxu,Wang Fuguo,et al.Latera positioning system for large aperture primary mirror[J]Optics and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10):2564-2571(in Chinese)原帅,张景旭,王富国,等.大口径主镜的侧向定位系统[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2564-2571.
[3]Thompson L A,Teare S W.Rayleigh laser guide sta systems:application to the university of illinois seeing improvement system[J].Publications of the Astronomica Society of the Pacific,2002,114(799):1029-1042.
[4]Yang Fei,An Qichang,Zhang Jing,et al.Seeing metrology of large aperture mirror of telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10):2572-2579.(in Chinese)杨飞,安其昌,张静,等.大口径光学系统的镜面视宁度检测[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2572-2579.
[5]Li Jianfeng,Wu Xiaoxia,Li Yuxia,et al.Position contro technology of large aperture mirror based on hydraulic support[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10)2599-2606.(in Chinese)李剑锋,吴小霞,李玉霞,等.基于液压支撑的大口径主镜稳像技术[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2599-2606.
[6]Xue Xiangyao,Gao Yunguo,Zhang Wenbao,et al.Analysi of the beam pointing stability in coude optical path[J]Infrared and Laser Engineering,2013,42(6):1514-1518(in Chinese)薛向尧,高云国,张文豹,等.库德光路光束指向稳定性分析[J].红外与激光工程,2013,42(6):1514-1518.
[7]Wang Guang,Gao Yunguo,Ma Yakun,et al.High accurate docking technology of laser and theodolite[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2018,47(7):0706006.(in Chinese)王光,高云国,马亚坤,等.激光与经纬仪高精准对接技术[J].红外与激光工程,2018,47(7):0706006.
[8]Zhang Limin,Han Xida,Cao Yuyan,et al.Coude light path alignment scheme with spatial mechanism[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(8):0818004.(in Chinese)张丽敏,韩西达,曹玉岩,等.基于空间机构学的Coude光路装调方法[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(8):0818004.
[9]Liu Guangqian,Jiao Qigong,Deng Linhua,et al.Detection and calibration of optical axes change for one meter solar telescope[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(1):0108004.(in Chinese)柳光乾,校启公,邓林华,等.1 m太阳望远镜光轴变化检测与改正研究[J].中国激光,2013,40(1):0108004.
[10]Shi Yunsheng,Liu Bingqi,Ying Jiaju,et al.Calibration model of the telescope optical axis based on prism fretting theory[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2013,34(2):338-341.(in Chinese)史云胜,刘秉琦,应家驹,等.利用棱镜微动理论建立望远镜光轴的检校模型[J].半导体光电,2013,34(2):338-341.
[11]Yang P,Hippler S,Zhu J,et al.Optimization of the transmitted wavefront for the infrared adaptive optics system[J].Science China-physics Mechanics&Astronomy,201457(4):608-614.
[12]Yang P,Hippler S,Deen C,et al.Characterization of the transmitted near-infrared wavefront error for the GRAVITYVLTI CoudéInfrared Adaptive Optics System[J].Optic Express,2013,21(7):9069-9080.
[13]Li Sizhong,Yu Yunqi,Chen Jing,et al.System fo parallelism detection of multi-spectrum optical axes[J]Journal of Applied Optics,2013,34(4):644-647.(in Chinese)李思众,鱼云岐,陈静,等.一种多光路光轴平行性检测系统[J].应用光学,2013,34(4):644-647.
[14]Anderson T,Stephens M.The continuous and discrete Brownian bridges:representations and applications[J].Linea Algebra Appl,1997,264:145-171.
[15]Zhao Hongchao,Zhang Jingxu,Yang Fei,et al.Secondary mirror supporting structure for 1.2 m telescope[J].Optic and Precision Engineering,2017,25(10):2614-2619.(in Chinese)赵宏超,张景旭,杨飞,等.1.2 m望远镜次镜支撑结构设计[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(10):2614-2619.