石膏防水性能研究现状和进展
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摘要
石膏是使用非常广泛的建筑材料,但耐水性差的特性制约着其实际应用。分析了石膏制品的吸水性原理,包括二水石膏的晶体结构和水化机理;从二水石膏溶解度、试块微孔性和毛细现象3方面解释了石膏制品耐水性差的原因,并总结了当前国内外石膏制品的主要防水处理措施。
Gypsum is very widely used in building materials,but its poor water-resistance feature restricts the practical application.This paper analyzes the hygroscopicity principle,including the crystal structure and hydration mechanism of dihydrate gypsum,and explains the reasons of poor water-resistance of gypsum through the solubility,microporosity and capillarity,sums up some current major waterproofing measures at home and abroad.
Gypsum is very widely used in building materials,but its poor water-resistance feature restricts the practical application.This paper analyzes the hygroscopicity principle,including the crystal structure and hydration mechanism of dihydrate gypsum,and explains the reasons of poor water-resistance of gypsum through the solubility,microporosity and capillarity,sums up some current major waterproofing measures at home and abroad.
引文
[1]住房和城乡建设部计划财务与外事司中国建筑业协会.2012年建筑业发展统计分析[J].工程管理学报,2013,27(3):1-12.
[2]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,1996:1.
[3]Wu H D,Lee S Y,Poma M,et al.A novel resorbableα-calcium sulfate hemihydrate/amorphous calcium phosphate bone substitute for dental implantation surgery[J].Materials Science and Engineering:C,2012,32(3):440-446.
[4]我国石膏制品业成为与国际同步的新兴产业[N].中国建材报,2004-08-30(2).
[5]王守平,刘得利.石膏陶瓷材料的研制[J].江苏陶瓷,2006,39(1):22-23.
[6]罗西锋,邱变变.产品设计中的石膏模型制作技术研究[J].包装工程,2007,28(10):194-196.
[7]陈燕.石膏是室内最好的建筑材料[J].住宅产业,2005,(5):52-53.
[8]卞敬玲.耐水复合石膏的研制[J].青海大学学报(自然科学版),2001,19(2):14-15.
[9]刘晓莉,丁宏,张莉.防水石膏空心砌块的研制[J].新型建筑材料,1999,(5):46-47.
[10]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,1996:2-11.
[11]R.C.埃文思.结晶化学导论[M].胡玉才,译.北京:人民教育出版社,1981:284-285.
[12]周峻鹏,彭瑜,柳华实.外加剂对石膏性能的影响[J].建材技术与应用,2005,(3):3-5.
[13]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2003:159-160.
[14]Charola A E,Pühringer J,Steiger M.Gypsum:A review of its role in the deterioration of building materials[J].Environmental Geology,2007,52(2):339-352.
[15]Ahmi F,Gadri A.Kinetics and morphology of formed gypsum[J].Desalination,2004,166:427-434.
[16]Finot E,Lesniewska E,Mutin J C,et al.Investigations of surface forces between gypsum microcrystals in air using atomic force microscopy[J].Langmuir,2000,16(9):4237-4244.
[17]Singh N B,Middendorf B.Calcium sulphate hemihydrate hydration leading to gypsum crystallization[J].Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials,2007,53(1):57-77.
[18]Adam C D.Atomistic modelling of the hydration of CaSO4[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2003,174(1):141-151.
[19]刘民荣.石膏及其复合材料的防水性能研究[D].济南:济南大学,2011.
[20]МГ莫罗佐夫,陈继勤.关于列宾捷尔效应[J].吉林大学学报(理科版),1958,(1):95-96.
[21]王坚.提高石膏制品防水性能的措施[J].科技情报开发与经济,2001,11(5):70-71.
[22]Follner S,Wolter A,Helming K,et al.On the real structure of gypsum crystals[J].Crystal Research and Technology,2002,37(2-3):207-218.
[23]Filippov A V,Altykis M G,Khaliullin M I,et al.Study of the porous structure of hardened gypsum by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance[J].Journal of Materials Science,1996,31(16):4369-4374.
[24]傅献彩,沈文霞,姚天扬,等.物理化学(下)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:318-324.
[25]彭家惠,林芳辉.石膏基外墙粉刷材料耐水性机理研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1995,17(2):9-14.
[26]Colak A.Characteristics of acrylic latex-modified and partially epoxy-impregnated gypsum[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2001,31(11):1539-1547.
[27]刘晨光.甲基硅醇钠在建筑保温材料中的应用研究[J].广东化工,2010,37(9):91-92.
[28]徐彩宣,陆文雄.新型水性有机硅系防水剂的制备研究[J].化学建材,2001,17(1):33-34.
[29]关淑君.耐水建筑石膏的试验研究[J].新型建筑材料,2005,(2):1-3.
[30]Camarini G,De Milito J A.Gypsum hemihydrate-cement blends to improve renderings durability[J].Construction and Building Materials,2011,25(11):4121-4125.
[31]黄洪财.矿物掺合料与化学外加剂对建筑石膏的改性研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008.
[32]尹先清,曹红英,王正良.钻井稳定剂甲基硅醇钠的合成及性能研究[J].广东化工,2009,36(9):29-30.
[33]化工部科技情报研究所.有机硅生产及应用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1985:841.
[34]李英丁,张铬,徐迅.有机硅防水剂对半水石膏性能影响及微观结构探讨[J].新型建筑材料,2009,36(6):72-73.
[35]宣玲,邓玉和,冯谦,等.有机硅防水剂对石膏刨花板性能的影响[J].林产工业,2006,33(2):23-26.
[36]陈振耀.有机硅改性苯丙乳液的合成及其性能研究[J].涂料工业,1999,29(11):15-16.
[37]高献英,田秋平,李中华,等.有机硅改性苯丙乳液的制备及其性能研究[J].有机硅材料,2007,21(5):271-275.
[38]宋建华,戴冬虹.苯乙烯基四配位硅改性苯丙乳液的研制[J].有机硅材料,2006,20(2):53-56.
[39]卿宁,张晓镭,俞从正,等.有机硅共聚改性水性聚氨酯PU-SI的制备及性能研究[J].中国皮革,2001,30(17):10-14.
[40]肖燕平,聂昌颉.有机硅防水剂的制备及应用[J].有机硅材料及应用,1999,13(4):23-24.
[41]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2003:251.
[42]陈莹,张志国,刘洪杰,等.石蜡乳液用于石膏砌块防水剂的研究[J].墙材革新与建筑节能,2011,(1):30-32.
[43]张建雨,颜涌捷,杨孔盛,等.改性聚乙烯蜡乳液的制备[J].石油炼制与化工,2000,31(1):63-64.
[44]周梅村,曹铭,杨波,等.石蜡丙烯酸复合乳液的制备与性能[J].精细化工,2005,22(4):300-302.
[45]吕涯,丁杰.基于均匀设计的石蜡微乳液制备研究[J].上海化工,2012,37(8):3-8.
[46]Michael J C.Resin modification of acrylic lattices for PSAs:Improving performance through choice[J].Adhesive Age,1998,41(2):12-16.
[47]Don G P,Joseph J W.Waterborne acrylic exhibits improved shear performance[J].Adhesive Age,1990,33(8):52-56.
[48]林明涛,蒋煜,储富祥.松香/丙烯酸系复合高分子乳液的制备与性能研究[J].林产化学与工业,2002,22(2):17-20.
[49]易争明.松香丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2005.
[50]徐永飞,吉静.我国有机-无机复合建筑乳液的研究进展[J].新型建筑材料,2009,36(5):36-39.
[51]孙文兵,王世敏.聚醋酸乙烯酯/纳米SiO2复合乳液的制备与性能[J].中国胶粘剂,2005,14(1):1-3.
[52]Zeng Z,Yu J,Guo Z X.Synthesis of composite nanoparticles bearing epoxy functional groups:Encapsulation of silica by emulsion polymerization of GMA[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed,2006,21(2):136-138.
[53]Qu X W,Guan T H,Liu G D,et al.Structure characterization and thermal properties of PMMA/montmorillonite nanocomposites via emulsion polymerization[J].Chemical Research in Chinese University,2004,20(3):366-372.
[54]Singh M,Garg M.Relationship between mechanical properties and porosity of water-resistant gypsum binder[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1996,26(3):449-456.
[55]彭家惠,张建新,陈明凤,等.石膏减水剂作用机理研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(11):1031-1036.
[56]孙天文.石膏减水剂对建筑石膏作用的研究[J].新型建筑材料,2000,(1):30-32.
[2]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,1996:1.
[3]Wu H D,Lee S Y,Poma M,et al.A novel resorbableα-calcium sulfate hemihydrate/amorphous calcium phosphate bone substitute for dental implantation surgery[J].Materials Science and Engineering:C,2012,32(3):440-446.
[4]我国石膏制品业成为与国际同步的新兴产业[N].中国建材报,2004-08-30(2).
[5]王守平,刘得利.石膏陶瓷材料的研制[J].江苏陶瓷,2006,39(1):22-23.
[6]罗西锋,邱变变.产品设计中的石膏模型制作技术研究[J].包装工程,2007,28(10):194-196.
[7]陈燕.石膏是室内最好的建筑材料[J].住宅产业,2005,(5):52-53.
[8]卞敬玲.耐水复合石膏的研制[J].青海大学学报(自然科学版),2001,19(2):14-15.
[9]刘晓莉,丁宏,张莉.防水石膏空心砌块的研制[J].新型建筑材料,1999,(5):46-47.
[10]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,1996:2-11.
[11]R.C.埃文思.结晶化学导论[M].胡玉才,译.北京:人民教育出版社,1981:284-285.
[12]周峻鹏,彭瑜,柳华实.外加剂对石膏性能的影响[J].建材技术与应用,2005,(3):3-5.
[13]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2003:159-160.
[14]Charola A E,Pühringer J,Steiger M.Gypsum:A review of its role in the deterioration of building materials[J].Environmental Geology,2007,52(2):339-352.
[15]Ahmi F,Gadri A.Kinetics and morphology of formed gypsum[J].Desalination,2004,166:427-434.
[16]Finot E,Lesniewska E,Mutin J C,et al.Investigations of surface forces between gypsum microcrystals in air using atomic force microscopy[J].Langmuir,2000,16(9):4237-4244.
[17]Singh N B,Middendorf B.Calcium sulphate hemihydrate hydration leading to gypsum crystallization[J].Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials,2007,53(1):57-77.
[18]Adam C D.Atomistic modelling of the hydration of CaSO4[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2003,174(1):141-151.
[19]刘民荣.石膏及其复合材料的防水性能研究[D].济南:济南大学,2011.
[20]МГ莫罗佐夫,陈继勤.关于列宾捷尔效应[J].吉林大学学报(理科版),1958,(1):95-96.
[21]王坚.提高石膏制品防水性能的措施[J].科技情报开发与经济,2001,11(5):70-71.
[22]Follner S,Wolter A,Helming K,et al.On the real structure of gypsum crystals[J].Crystal Research and Technology,2002,37(2-3):207-218.
[23]Filippov A V,Altykis M G,Khaliullin M I,et al.Study of the porous structure of hardened gypsum by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance[J].Journal of Materials Science,1996,31(16):4369-4374.
[24]傅献彩,沈文霞,姚天扬,等.物理化学(下)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:318-324.
[25]彭家惠,林芳辉.石膏基外墙粉刷材料耐水性机理研究[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1995,17(2):9-14.
[26]Colak A.Characteristics of acrylic latex-modified and partially epoxy-impregnated gypsum[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2001,31(11):1539-1547.
[27]刘晨光.甲基硅醇钠在建筑保温材料中的应用研究[J].广东化工,2010,37(9):91-92.
[28]徐彩宣,陆文雄.新型水性有机硅系防水剂的制备研究[J].化学建材,2001,17(1):33-34.
[29]关淑君.耐水建筑石膏的试验研究[J].新型建筑材料,2005,(2):1-3.
[30]Camarini G,De Milito J A.Gypsum hemihydrate-cement blends to improve renderings durability[J].Construction and Building Materials,2011,25(11):4121-4125.
[31]黄洪财.矿物掺合料与化学外加剂对建筑石膏的改性研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008.
[32]尹先清,曹红英,王正良.钻井稳定剂甲基硅醇钠的合成及性能研究[J].广东化工,2009,36(9):29-30.
[33]化工部科技情报研究所.有机硅生产及应用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1985:841.
[34]李英丁,张铬,徐迅.有机硅防水剂对半水石膏性能影响及微观结构探讨[J].新型建筑材料,2009,36(6):72-73.
[35]宣玲,邓玉和,冯谦,等.有机硅防水剂对石膏刨花板性能的影响[J].林产工业,2006,33(2):23-26.
[36]陈振耀.有机硅改性苯丙乳液的合成及其性能研究[J].涂料工业,1999,29(11):15-16.
[37]高献英,田秋平,李中华,等.有机硅改性苯丙乳液的制备及其性能研究[J].有机硅材料,2007,21(5):271-275.
[38]宋建华,戴冬虹.苯乙烯基四配位硅改性苯丙乳液的研制[J].有机硅材料,2006,20(2):53-56.
[39]卿宁,张晓镭,俞从正,等.有机硅共聚改性水性聚氨酯PU-SI的制备及性能研究[J].中国皮革,2001,30(17):10-14.
[40]肖燕平,聂昌颉.有机硅防水剂的制备及应用[J].有机硅材料及应用,1999,13(4):23-24.
[41]陈燕,岳文海,董若兰.石膏建筑材料[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2003:251.
[42]陈莹,张志国,刘洪杰,等.石蜡乳液用于石膏砌块防水剂的研究[J].墙材革新与建筑节能,2011,(1):30-32.
[43]张建雨,颜涌捷,杨孔盛,等.改性聚乙烯蜡乳液的制备[J].石油炼制与化工,2000,31(1):63-64.
[44]周梅村,曹铭,杨波,等.石蜡丙烯酸复合乳液的制备与性能[J].精细化工,2005,22(4):300-302.
[45]吕涯,丁杰.基于均匀设计的石蜡微乳液制备研究[J].上海化工,2012,37(8):3-8.
[46]Michael J C.Resin modification of acrylic lattices for PSAs:Improving performance through choice[J].Adhesive Age,1998,41(2):12-16.
[47]Don G P,Joseph J W.Waterborne acrylic exhibits improved shear performance[J].Adhesive Age,1990,33(8):52-56.
[48]林明涛,蒋煜,储富祥.松香/丙烯酸系复合高分子乳液的制备与性能研究[J].林产化学与工业,2002,22(2):17-20.
[49]易争明.松香丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2005.
[50]徐永飞,吉静.我国有机-无机复合建筑乳液的研究进展[J].新型建筑材料,2009,36(5):36-39.
[51]孙文兵,王世敏.聚醋酸乙烯酯/纳米SiO2复合乳液的制备与性能[J].中国胶粘剂,2005,14(1):1-3.
[52]Zeng Z,Yu J,Guo Z X.Synthesis of composite nanoparticles bearing epoxy functional groups:Encapsulation of silica by emulsion polymerization of GMA[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed,2006,21(2):136-138.
[53]Qu X W,Guan T H,Liu G D,et al.Structure characterization and thermal properties of PMMA/montmorillonite nanocomposites via emulsion polymerization[J].Chemical Research in Chinese University,2004,20(3):366-372.
[54]Singh M,Garg M.Relationship between mechanical properties and porosity of water-resistant gypsum binder[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1996,26(3):449-456.
[55]彭家惠,张建新,陈明凤,等.石膏减水剂作用机理研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(11):1031-1036.
[56]孙天文.石膏减水剂对建筑石膏作用的研究[J].新型建筑材料,2000,(1):30-32.