连片特困地区易地扶贫搬迁对农户多维贫困的影响研究
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摘要
基于抽样调查的陕南安康农户生计与环境调查数据,运用A-F多维贫困测量方法分析判定不同搬迁行为和特征农户多维贫困差异,采用多元线性回归模型实证分析易地扶贫搬迁这一政策干预对农户多维贫困的影响。研究结果表明:1)不论k取值如何,搬迁户的多维贫困均显著低于当地户,且健康和能源因素是搬迁户多维贫困贡献率中最大的部分。2)易地扶贫搬迁对农户多维贫困存在显著影响,其通过增加农户教育投资、能源多样性、资产存量和提高住房质量显著改善农户的多维贫困。3)相对非自愿搬迁,自愿搬迁带来的脆弱性风险和教育中断加重了农户的多维贫困,而搬迁时间对农户多维贫困的影响不显著。针对上述结论,提出连片特困地区农户多维贫困缓解和自我发展能力提升的政策建议。
Based on the survey data of 1404 households from Ankang City,South Shaanxi,we analyzed and determined the differences of multidimensional poverty based on different migration and settlement behaviors and characteristics by A-F multidimensional poverty measurement method. And with the multiple linear regression model we empirically analyzed the impact of relocation and settlement on multidimensional poverty of rural households. The results are as followings: Firstly,regardless of the value k taken,the multidimensional poverty of relocated households was significantly lower than that of local households,and the health and energy factors were the largest part of the multidimensional poverty contribution rate for relocated households. Secondly,the migration and settlement had significant impact on multidimensional poverty of rural households. Increasing education investment,energy diversity,and asset stock,and improving housing quality significantly improved the multidimension poverty and enhanced the self-development capability. Thirdly,compared with the involuntary migration,voluntary migration brought vulnerability risk and education break to increase the multidimension poverty,but the impact of migration year on multidimension poverty was not significant. According to the above,the research proposed the policy corresponding countermeasures to improve the self-development capability and mitigate the multidimensional poverty in contiguous poor areas.
Based on the survey data of 1404 households from Ankang City,South Shaanxi,we analyzed and determined the differences of multidimensional poverty based on different migration and settlement behaviors and characteristics by A-F multidimensional poverty measurement method. And with the multiple linear regression model we empirically analyzed the impact of relocation and settlement on multidimensional poverty of rural households. The results are as followings: Firstly,regardless of the value k taken,the multidimensional poverty of relocated households was significantly lower than that of local households,and the health and energy factors were the largest part of the multidimensional poverty contribution rate for relocated households. Secondly,the migration and settlement had significant impact on multidimensional poverty of rural households. Increasing education investment,energy diversity,and asset stock,and improving housing quality significantly improved the multidimension poverty and enhanced the self-development capability. Thirdly,compared with the involuntary migration,voluntary migration brought vulnerability risk and education break to increase the multidimension poverty,but the impact of migration year on multidimension poverty was not significant. According to the above,the research proposed the policy corresponding countermeasures to improve the self-development capability and mitigate the multidimensional poverty in contiguous poor areas.
引文
[1]李聪,康博纬,李萍,等.易地移民搬迁对农户生态系统服务依赖度的影响-来自陕南的证据[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):115-123.
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[4]黎洁.陕西安康移民搬迁农户的生计适应策略与适应力感知[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(9):44-52.
[5]殷浩栋,王瑜,汪三贵.易地扶贫搬迁户的识别:多维贫困测度及分解[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):104-114.
[6]刘伟,黎洁,李聪,等.移民搬迁农户的贫困类型及影响因素分析-基于陕南安康的抽样调查[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2015(6):41-48.
[7]Sen A. Development as Freedom[M]. USA:Oxford University Press,1999.
[8]Alkire S,Foster J. Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement[J]. Journal of Public Economics,2009,95(7):476-487.
[9]孙鲁云,谭斌.自我发展能力剥夺视角下贫困地区多维贫困的测度与分析-以新疆和田地区为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(2):23-29.
[10]汪为,吴海涛,彭继权.农村家庭多维贫困动态性及其影响因素研究-基于湖北数据的分析[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2018(1):51-60.
[11]解垩.养老金与老年人口多维贫困和不平等研究-基于非强制养老保险城乡比较的视角[J].中国人口科学,2017(5):62-73.
[12]侯亚景.中国农村长期多维贫困的测量、分解与影响因素分析[J].统计研究,2017,34(11):86-97.
[13]刘一伟.社会保障支出对居民多维贫困的影响及其机制分析[J].中央财经大学学报,2017(7):7-18.
[14]周常春,翟羽佳,车震宇.连片特困区农户多维贫困测度及能力建设研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):95-103.
[15]石智雷,邹蔚然.库区农户的多维贫困及致贫机理分析[J].农业经济问题,2013(6):61-69.
[16]何思妤,曾维忠.老水库移民多维贫困测量[J].农村经济,2017(5):66-71.
[17]谭秋成.相同劳动力和资本投入是否带来相同收入:来自丹江口库区河南移民的证据[J].中国农村经济,2017(10):49-63.
[18]邰秀军,畅冬妮,郭颖.宁夏生态移民居住安置方式的减贫效果分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):47-53.
[19]李聪.易地移民搬迁对农户贫困脆弱性的影响-来自陕南山区的证据[J].经济经纬,2018(1):35-40.
[20]解垩.公共转移支付与老年人的多维贫困[J].中国工业经济,2015(11):32-46.
[21]王小林,Alkire S.中国多维贫困测量:估计和政策含义[J].中国农村经济,2009(12):4-10.
[22]张晓颖,冯贺霞,王小林.流动妇女多维贫困分析-基于北京市451名家政服务从业人员的调查[J].经济评论,2016(3):95-107.
[23]唐丽霞,罗江月,李小云.精准扶贫机制实施的政策和实践困境[J].贵州社会科学,2015(5):151-156.
[2]Li C,Li S Z,Feldman M W,et al. The impact on rural livelihoods and ecosystem services of a major relocation and settlement program:A case in Shaanxi,China[J]. Ambio,2018,47(2):245-259.
[3]Li C,Zheng H,Li S,et al. Impacts of conservation and human development policy across stakeholders and scales[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2015,112(24):7396-7401.
[4]黎洁.陕西安康移民搬迁农户的生计适应策略与适应力感知[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(9):44-52.
[5]殷浩栋,王瑜,汪三贵.易地扶贫搬迁户的识别:多维贫困测度及分解[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):104-114.
[6]刘伟,黎洁,李聪,等.移民搬迁农户的贫困类型及影响因素分析-基于陕南安康的抽样调查[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2015(6):41-48.
[7]Sen A. Development as Freedom[M]. USA:Oxford University Press,1999.
[8]Alkire S,Foster J. Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement[J]. Journal of Public Economics,2009,95(7):476-487.
[9]孙鲁云,谭斌.自我发展能力剥夺视角下贫困地区多维贫困的测度与分析-以新疆和田地区为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(2):23-29.
[10]汪为,吴海涛,彭继权.农村家庭多维贫困动态性及其影响因素研究-基于湖北数据的分析[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2018(1):51-60.
[11]解垩.养老金与老年人口多维贫困和不平等研究-基于非强制养老保险城乡比较的视角[J].中国人口科学,2017(5):62-73.
[12]侯亚景.中国农村长期多维贫困的测量、分解与影响因素分析[J].统计研究,2017,34(11):86-97.
[13]刘一伟.社会保障支出对居民多维贫困的影响及其机制分析[J].中央财经大学学报,2017(7):7-18.
[14]周常春,翟羽佳,车震宇.连片特困区农户多维贫困测度及能力建设研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):95-103.
[15]石智雷,邹蔚然.库区农户的多维贫困及致贫机理分析[J].农业经济问题,2013(6):61-69.
[16]何思妤,曾维忠.老水库移民多维贫困测量[J].农村经济,2017(5):66-71.
[17]谭秋成.相同劳动力和资本投入是否带来相同收入:来自丹江口库区河南移民的证据[J].中国农村经济,2017(10):49-63.
[18]邰秀军,畅冬妮,郭颖.宁夏生态移民居住安置方式的减贫效果分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):47-53.
[19]李聪.易地移民搬迁对农户贫困脆弱性的影响-来自陕南山区的证据[J].经济经纬,2018(1):35-40.
[20]解垩.公共转移支付与老年人的多维贫困[J].中国工业经济,2015(11):32-46.
[21]王小林,Alkire S.中国多维贫困测量:估计和政策含义[J].中国农村经济,2009(12):4-10.
[22]张晓颖,冯贺霞,王小林.流动妇女多维贫困分析-基于北京市451名家政服务从业人员的调查[J].经济评论,2016(3):95-107.
[23]唐丽霞,罗江月,李小云.精准扶贫机制实施的政策和实践困境[J].贵州社会科学,2015(5):151-156.