易地扶贫搬迁政策执行问题探讨——以安徽省W镇为例
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摘要
易地扶贫搬迁是统筹解决我国贫困地区贫困问题的最佳方略,在脱贫攻坚战中发挥着重要作用。以易地扶贫搬迁实地调研为基础,采用文献分析、数据分析等方式探讨W镇易地扶贫搬迁执行概况。从政策执行的效果来看,易地扶贫搬迁虽然取得一定的成效,但执行过程中仍存在诸如建设规划不完善、文件管理机制不健全、部分农民适应环境较为困难等一些亟需解决的问题。以理想化政策、政府组织机制、政策执行的乡土文化背景为基点,动态分析易地扶贫搬迁中的困境:乡土文化逻辑与政策执行机制的冲突、多元执行任务与单一执行主体的错配、理想化政策与政府组织机制的矛盾。通过构建信息管理体系、调整政策执行标准、提升政策执行能力、升华政策执行效果可以破解易地扶贫搬迁的执行困境。
The ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation is the best strategy to solve the poverty problem in China's poverty-stricken areas,which plays an important role in the fight against poverty.Based on the field survey,the implementation of ex-situ relocation in W town is discussed through literature analysis and data analysis.From the effect of the policy implementation,the ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation achieved some results.However,there are still some problems in the implementation process,such as the imperfect construction planning,the imperfect document management mechanism,and difficulties of some farmers in adapting to the environment.Based on the ideal policy,government organization mechanism and local cultural background,the dilemma in the ex-situ relocation of poverty alleviation is analyzed dynamically:the conflict between the logic of local culture and the policy implementation mechanism,the mismatch between multiple execution tasks and the single executive body,as well as the contradiction between the idealized policies and government organization mechanism.By constructing the information management system,adjusting the policy implementation standards,improving the policy implementation capacity and sublimating the policy implementation effect,the implementation dilemma of the ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation can be solved.
The ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation is the best strategy to solve the poverty problem in China's poverty-stricken areas,which plays an important role in the fight against poverty.Based on the field survey,the implementation of ex-situ relocation in W town is discussed through literature analysis and data analysis.From the effect of the policy implementation,the ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation achieved some results.However,there are still some problems in the implementation process,such as the imperfect construction planning,the imperfect document management mechanism,and difficulties of some farmers in adapting to the environment.Based on the ideal policy,government organization mechanism and local cultural background,the dilemma in the ex-situ relocation of poverty alleviation is analyzed dynamically:the conflict between the logic of local culture and the policy implementation mechanism,the mismatch between multiple execution tasks and the single executive body,as well as the contradiction between the idealized policies and government organization mechanism.By constructing the information management system,adjusting the policy implementation standards,improving the policy implementation capacity and sublimating the policy implementation effect,the implementation dilemma of the ex-situ relocation in poverty alleviation can be solved.
引文
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[2]中国政府网.李克强对全国易地扶贫搬迁现场会作出重要批示[EB/OL]http://www.gov.cn/premier/2017-09/17/content_5225787.htm.
[3]吴新叶,牛晨光.易地扶贫搬迁安置社区的紧张与化解[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,17(2):118-127.
[4]叶青,苏海.政策实践与资本重置:贵州易地扶贫搬迁的经验表达[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(5):64-70
[5]费孝通.乡土中国生育制度[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010.
[6]周雪光.中国国家治理的制度逻辑[M].上海:三联书店,2017.
[7]钟海.权宜型执行:村级组织政策执行与权力运作策略的逻辑分析——以陕南L贫困村精准扶贫政策执行为例[J].中国农村观察,2018(2):97-112.
[8]Smith T B.The Policy Implementation Process[J].Policy Science,1973,4(2):197-209.
[9]黄少安,李睿.二元产权结构、父爱主义和利率双重双轨制[J].社会科学战线,2016(1):42-50.
[10]朱玉林,李思贤.湖南农民参与易地扶贫搬迁影响因素分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2018,12(2):52-56.