标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平对生长猪生长性能、血浆氨基酸和尿素氮含量的影响
|
摘要
本试验旨在探讨饲粮中不同标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平对生长猪生长性能、血浆氨基酸和尿素氮含量的影响。试验选用420头始重为(24.31±1.74)kg的杜×长×大三元生长猪,按体重相近、遗传基础相似的原则,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复14头猪。试验饲粮除缬氨酸水平外,其余营养水平均参照NRC(2012)推荐标准设计,试验饲粮标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平分别为0.59%、0.64%、0.69%、0.74%和0.79%。结果表明:饲粮标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平为0.69%、0.74%和0.79%处理的平均日增重和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05),但较标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平为0.59%的处理得到显著改善(P<0.01),同时随着饲粮标准回肠可消化缬氨酸水平增加均呈线性和二次趋势(P<0.01)。采用折线模型和二次回归趋势,综合平均日增重和料重比的分析,当饲粮中标准回肠可消化赖氨酸水平为0.98%,得到20~50 kg生长猪饲粮标准回肠可消化缬氨酸需要量范围为0.65%~0.73%,最佳需要量为0.68%。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary standardized ileal digestible( SID) valine( Val) level on growth performance,plasma amino acids and urea nitrogen contents of growing pigs. This experiment was conducted to choose 420 barrows( Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) which were allotted to 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 14 barrows per replicate. Except dietary Val level,the nutrient levels of experimental diets were referred to recommended the nutrient requirements of swine in NRC( 2012),therefore dietary SID Val levels were 0.59%,0.64%,0.69%,0.74% and 0.79%,respectively. The results showed as follows: the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of treatments with the dietary SID Val level at 0.69%,0.74% and 0.79% were no significantly different( P>0.05),but were significantly improved when compared with the treatment with the dietary SID Val level at 0.59%( P<0.01). With the dietary SID Val level increased,the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio had linear and quadratic trend( P < 0. 01).With broken-line model and quadratic regression trend of the data from average daily gain and feed to gain ratio,this trial showed that the dietary SID Val requirement is 0.65% to 0.73% when the dietary SID Lys level is0.98%,and the optimum SID Val level is 0.68% for 20 to 50 kg growing pigs.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary standardized ileal digestible( SID) valine( Val) level on growth performance,plasma amino acids and urea nitrogen contents of growing pigs. This experiment was conducted to choose 420 barrows( Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) which were allotted to 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 14 barrows per replicate. Except dietary Val level,the nutrient levels of experimental diets were referred to recommended the nutrient requirements of swine in NRC( 2012),therefore dietary SID Val levels were 0.59%,0.64%,0.69%,0.74% and 0.79%,respectively. The results showed as follows: the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of treatments with the dietary SID Val level at 0.69%,0.74% and 0.79% were no significantly different( P>0.05),but were significantly improved when compared with the treatment with the dietary SID Val level at 0.59%( P<0.01). With the dietary SID Val level increased,the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio had linear and quadratic trend( P < 0. 01).With broken-line model and quadratic regression trend of the data from average daily gain and feed to gain ratio,this trial showed that the dietary SID Val requirement is 0.65% to 0.73% when the dietary SID Lys level is0.98%,and the optimum SID Val level is 0.68% for 20 to 50 kg growing pigs.
引文
[1]KERR B J,MCKEITH F K,EASTER R A.Effect on performance and carcass characteristics of nursery to finisher pigs fed reduced crude protein,amino acidsupplemented diets[J].Journal of Animal Science,1995,73(2):433-440.
[2]FIGUEROA J L,LEWIS A J,MILLER P S,et al.Growth,carcass traits,and plasma amino acid concentrations of gilts fed low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids including histidine,isoleucine,and valine[J].Journal of Animal Science,2003,81(6):1529-1537.
[3]NRC.Nutrient rquirements of swine[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,2012.
[4]JONES B N,GILLIGAN J P.o-phthaldialdehyde precolumn derivatization and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of polypeptide hydrolysates and physiological fluids[J].Journal of Chromatography A,1983,266:471-482.
[5]NRC.Nutrient requirements of swine[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,1998.
[6]CHUNG T K,BAKER D H.Ideal amino acid pattern for 10-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(10):3102-3111.
[7]GAINES A M,KENDALL D C,ALLEE G L,et al.Estimation of the standardized ileal digestible valineto-lysine ratio in 13-to 32-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(3):736-742.
[8]WAGUESPACK A M,BIDNER T D,PAYNE R L,et al.Valine and isoleucine requirement of 20-to 45-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(7):2276-2284.
[9]易孟霞,易学武,贺喜,等.仔猪缬氨酸需要量的研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(3):578-584.
[10]SOUTHERN L L,ROUX M L,WAGUESPACK A M,et al.Developing lowprotein,amino acid supplemented diets for swine[C]//American Society of Animal Science.Des Moines:American Dairy Science Association,2010:14.
[11]BOISEN S,MOUGHAN P J.Different expressions of dietary protein and amino acid digestibility in pig feeds and their application in protein evaluation:a theoretical approach[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica A:Animal Sciences,1996,46(3):165-172.
[12]CHIKHOU F H,MOLONEY A P,ALLEN P,et al.Long-term effects of cimaterol in Friesian steers:Ⅰ.Growth,feed efficiency,and selected carcass traits[J].Journal of Animal Science,1993,71(4):906-913.
[13]COMA J,CARRION D,ZIMMERMAN D R.Use of plasma urea nitrogen as a rapid response criterion to determine the lysine requirement of pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1995,73(2):472-481.
[14]管武太.理想氨基酸模式提高猪生产性能的机理[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,1997.
[2]FIGUEROA J L,LEWIS A J,MILLER P S,et al.Growth,carcass traits,and plasma amino acid concentrations of gilts fed low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids including histidine,isoleucine,and valine[J].Journal of Animal Science,2003,81(6):1529-1537.
[3]NRC.Nutrient rquirements of swine[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,2012.
[4]JONES B N,GILLIGAN J P.o-phthaldialdehyde precolumn derivatization and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of polypeptide hydrolysates and physiological fluids[J].Journal of Chromatography A,1983,266:471-482.
[5]NRC.Nutrient requirements of swine[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,1998.
[6]CHUNG T K,BAKER D H.Ideal amino acid pattern for 10-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(10):3102-3111.
[7]GAINES A M,KENDALL D C,ALLEE G L,et al.Estimation of the standardized ileal digestible valineto-lysine ratio in 13-to 32-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(3):736-742.
[8]WAGUESPACK A M,BIDNER T D,PAYNE R L,et al.Valine and isoleucine requirement of 20-to 45-kilogram pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(7):2276-2284.
[9]易孟霞,易学武,贺喜,等.仔猪缬氨酸需要量的研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(3):578-584.
[10]SOUTHERN L L,ROUX M L,WAGUESPACK A M,et al.Developing lowprotein,amino acid supplemented diets for swine[C]//American Society of Animal Science.Des Moines:American Dairy Science Association,2010:14.
[11]BOISEN S,MOUGHAN P J.Different expressions of dietary protein and amino acid digestibility in pig feeds and their application in protein evaluation:a theoretical approach[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica A:Animal Sciences,1996,46(3):165-172.
[12]CHIKHOU F H,MOLONEY A P,ALLEN P,et al.Long-term effects of cimaterol in Friesian steers:Ⅰ.Growth,feed efficiency,and selected carcass traits[J].Journal of Animal Science,1993,71(4):906-913.
[13]COMA J,CARRION D,ZIMMERMAN D R.Use of plasma urea nitrogen as a rapid response criterion to determine the lysine requirement of pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1995,73(2):472-481.
[14]管武太.理想氨基酸模式提高猪生产性能的机理[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,1997.