鄂尔多斯盆地靖西地区下古生界奥陶系天然气成因研究
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摘要
随着靖西地区奥陶系中组合天然气勘探的突破,判识天然气成因类型、明确其主要来源成为有效指引勘探方向的关键问题。以天然气地球化学特征分析为基础,通过气—气、气—源对比、源—储—盖空间组合分析等方法,在深化高—过成熟天然气成因判别认知的同时,探讨靖西地区奥陶系天然气的主要来源。研究表明,靖西地区下古生界奥陶系天然气以煤成气为主,局部存在自生自储的油型气;对于高演化干气的成因判识,适宜选取甲烷碳同位素为主要依据。此外,本文对天然气组分碳同位素序列倒转现象提出了新的解释思路。
With the break-through of natural gas exploration of the middle array of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the west of Jingbian Gasfield,the determination of the origin of natural gases becomes a key issue of the gas exploration direction.Based on the analysis of the geochemical characteristics of natural gas,deepening the understanding of distinguishing the origin of high-over mature gas,the paper investigated the primary source of the natural gas of Ordovician in the west of Jingbian Gasfield by the correlation of gas-gas and gas-source and the analysis of the spacial combination of source-reservoir-cap rocks.The results show that the Ordovician natural gas in the west of Jingbian Gasfield mainly belongs to coal-formed gas and there is some oil-type gas which is characterized by self-generation and self-preservation in local areas.According to the research,the genetic discrimination of highly matured dry gas should take the methane carbon isotope as a main basis.In addition,a kind of new interpretation about the phenomenon that the δ~(13)C_2 is apparently low and even lower than δ~(13)C_1 has been put forward in this paper.
With the break-through of natural gas exploration of the middle array of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the west of Jingbian Gasfield,the determination of the origin of natural gases becomes a key issue of the gas exploration direction.Based on the analysis of the geochemical characteristics of natural gas,deepening the understanding of distinguishing the origin of high-over mature gas,the paper investigated the primary source of the natural gas of Ordovician in the west of Jingbian Gasfield by the correlation of gas-gas and gas-source and the analysis of the spacial combination of source-reservoir-cap rocks.The results show that the Ordovician natural gas in the west of Jingbian Gasfield mainly belongs to coal-formed gas and there is some oil-type gas which is characterized by self-generation and self-preservation in local areas.According to the research,the genetic discrimination of highly matured dry gas should take the methane carbon isotope as a main basis.In addition,a kind of new interpretation about the phenomenon that the δ~(13)C_2 is apparently low and even lower than δ~(13)C_1 has been put forward in this paper.
引文
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[15]Dai Jinxing.Significance of the study on carbon isotopes of alkane gases[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):1-6.[戴金星.天然气中烷烃气碳同位素研究的意义[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):1-6.]
[16]Fu Suotang,Feng Qiao,Zhang Wenzheng.Characteristics of the individual carbon isotope of natural gas from Suligemiao and Jingbian Gasfields in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):528-532.[傅锁堂,冯乔,张文正.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格庙与靖边天然气单体碳同位素特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):528-532.]
[17]Yang Hua,Zhang Wenzheng,Li Jianfeng,et al.Geochemical study of the Upper Paleozoic gas in the northern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(supplement 1):39-44.[杨华,张文正,李剑锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界天然气的地球化学研究[J].沉积学报,2004,22(增刊1):39-44.]
[18]Yang Hua,Zhang Wenzheng,Zan Chuanli,et al.Yanxia gas reservoir in the Ordovician at the east of Ordos Basin:Geochemical characterization and significance for reunderstanding[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(1):8-14.[杨华,张文正,昝川莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部奥陶系盐下天然气地球化学特征及其对靖边气田气源再认识[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):8-14.]
[19]Dai Jinxing,Xia Xinyu,Qin Shengfei,et al.Origins of partially reversed alkaneδ13 C values for biogenic gases in China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(4):405-411.
[20]Burruss R C,Laughrey C D.Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas:Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(12):1285-1296.
[2]Dai Jinxing,Li Jian,Ding Weiwei,et al.Geochemical characters of the giant gas accumulations with over one hundred billion cubic meters reserves in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):16-23.[戴金星,李剑,丁巍伟,等.中国储量千亿立方米以上气田天然气地球化学特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):16-23.]
[3]Dai Jinxing,Qin Shengfei,Tao Shizhen,et al.Developing trends of natural gas industry and the significant progress on natural gas geological theories in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(2):127-142.[戴金星,秦胜飞,陶士振,等.中国天然气工业发展趋势和天然气地学理论重要进展[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):127-142.]
[4]Guan Deshi,Zhang Wenzheng,Pei Ge.Oil-gas sources of Ordovician reservoir in gasfield of central Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1993,14(3):191-199.[关德师,张文正,裴戈.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系产层的油气源[J].石油与天然气地质,1993,14(3):191-199.]
[5]Zhang Shiya.Natural gas source and explorative direction in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1994,14(3):1-4.[张士亚.鄂尔多斯盆地天然气气源及勘探方向[J].天然气工业,1994,14(3):1-4.]
[6]Zhang Wenzheng,Guan Deshi.Carbon Isotope Geochemistry of Liquid Hydrocarbon Molecules Series[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Oil Industry,1997:115-122,131-162.[张文正,关德师.液态烃分子系列碳同位素地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:115-122,131-162.]
[7]Xia Xinyu,Zhao Lin,Dai Jinxing,et al.Gas sources and mixing ratio of Ordovician weathering crust reservoir of central Gasfield in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1998,16(3):75-79.[夏新宇,赵林,戴金星,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系风化壳气藏天然气来源及混源比计算[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):75-79.]
[8]Chen Anding.Origin and migration of natural gas in Ordovician reservoir in Shan’ganning Basin central gasfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1994,15(2):1-10.[陈安定.陕甘宁盆地中部气田奥陶系天然气的成因及运移[J].石油学报,1994,15(2):1-10.]
[9]Xu Yongchang.Natural Gas Genesis Theory&Application[M].Beijing:Science Press,1994.[徐永昌.天然气成因理论及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.]
[10]Huang Difan,Xiong Chuanwu,Yang Junjie,et al.Gas source discrimination and natural gas genetic types of central gasfield in ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,16(6):1-6.[黄第藩,熊传武,杨俊杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田气源判识和天然气成因类型[J].天然气工业,1996,16(6):1-6.]
[11]Chen Anding.Feature of mixed gas in central gasfield of Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(2):33-38.[陈安定.论鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田混合气的实质[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):33-38.]
[12]Fu Jiamo,Liu Dehan,Sheng Guoying.Geochemistry of Coal Generation Hydrocarbon[M].Beijing:Science Press,1990:103-108.[傅家模,刘德汉,盛国英.煤成烃地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1990:103-108.]
[13]Fuex A A.The use of stable carbon isotopes in hydrocarbon exploration[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1977,7(2):155-188.
[14]Gang Wenzhe,Gao Gang,Hao Shisheng,et al.Carbon isotope of ethane applied in the analyses of genetic types of natural gas[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1997,19(2):164-167.[刚文哲,高岗,郝石生,等.论乙烷碳同位素在天然气成因类型研究中的应用[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(2):164-167.]
[15]Dai Jinxing.Significance of the study on carbon isotopes of alkane gases[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):1-6.[戴金星.天然气中烷烃气碳同位素研究的意义[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):1-6.]
[16]Fu Suotang,Feng Qiao,Zhang Wenzheng.Characteristics of the individual carbon isotope of natural gas from Suligemiao and Jingbian Gasfields in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):528-532.[傅锁堂,冯乔,张文正.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格庙与靖边天然气单体碳同位素特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):528-532.]
[17]Yang Hua,Zhang Wenzheng,Li Jianfeng,et al.Geochemical study of the Upper Paleozoic gas in the northern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(supplement 1):39-44.[杨华,张文正,李剑锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界天然气的地球化学研究[J].沉积学报,2004,22(增刊1):39-44.]
[18]Yang Hua,Zhang Wenzheng,Zan Chuanli,et al.Yanxia gas reservoir in the Ordovician at the east of Ordos Basin:Geochemical characterization and significance for reunderstanding[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(1):8-14.[杨华,张文正,昝川莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部奥陶系盐下天然气地球化学特征及其对靖边气田气源再认识[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):8-14.]
[19]Dai Jinxing,Xia Xinyu,Qin Shengfei,et al.Origins of partially reversed alkaneδ13 C values for biogenic gases in China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(4):405-411.
[20]Burruss R C,Laughrey C D.Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas:Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(12):1285-1296.