双歧杆菌和乳酸菌β-半乳糖苷酶转糖基作用的研究进展
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摘要
双歧杆菌和乳酸菌作为一般认为安全的微生物,是β-半乳糖苷酶(β-galactosidase,β-gal)的较好来源。部分双歧杆菌和乳酸菌菌株能够产生具有转糖基活力的β-gal,以乳糖为底物可合成具有益生作用的低聚半乳糖(galactooligosaccharides,GOS),而GOS产物的产量和组成受到β-gal的来源以及反应条件的影响。因此,本文总结了能够产生具有转糖基活力的β-gal的双歧杆菌和乳酸菌菌株,比较了两类来源的β-gal的酶学性质,并重点阐述了这两类β-gal在GOS合成中的应用。
Bi?dobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are generally recognized as safe(GRAS) microorganisms and are good sources of β-galactosidase(β-gal). β-gal with transgalactosylation activity from some strains of bi?dobacteria and lactic acid bacteria can be used to produce prebiotic galactooligosaccharides(GOS) with lactose as the substrate. However, theβ-gal producer and reaction conditions have an impact on the yield and composition of GOS products. Therefore, this review summarizes bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria strains that can produce β-gal with transgalactosylation activity and compares the enzymatic properties of β-gal from both microbial sources. This review also sheds light on the application ofβ-gal in GOS synthesis.
Bi?dobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are generally recognized as safe(GRAS) microorganisms and are good sources of β-galactosidase(β-gal). β-gal with transgalactosylation activity from some strains of bi?dobacteria and lactic acid bacteria can be used to produce prebiotic galactooligosaccharides(GOS) with lactose as the substrate. However, theβ-gal producer and reaction conditions have an impact on the yield and composition of GOS products. Therefore, this review summarizes bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria strains that can produce β-gal with transgalactosylation activity and compares the enzymatic properties of β-gal from both microbial sources. This review also sheds light on the application ofβ-gal in GOS synthesis.
引文
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[15]OH S Y,YOUN S Y,PARK M S,et al.Synthesis of β-galactooligosaccharide using bifidobacterialβ-galactosidase purified from recombinant Escherichia coli[J].Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2017,27(8):1392-1400.DOI:10.4014/jmb.1702.02058.
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[23]JUNG S J,LEE B H.Production and application of galactooligosaccharides from lactose by a recombinantβ-galactosidase of Bifidobacterium infantis overproduced by Pichia pastoris[J].Food Science and Biotechnology,2008,17(3):514-518.
[24]GEIGER B,NGUYEN H M,WENIG S,et al.From by-product to valuable components:efficient enzymatic conversion of lactose in whey usingβ-galactosidase from Streptococcus thermophilus[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2016,116:45-53.DOI:10.1016/j.bej.2016.04.003.
[25]MAISCHBERGER T,LEITNER E,NITISINPRASERT S,et al.β-Galactosidase from Lactobacillus pentosus:purification,characterization and formation of galacto-oligosaccharides[J].Biotechnology Journal,2010,5(8):838-847.DOI:10.1002/biot.201000126.
[26]GOBINATH D,PRAPULLA S G.Transgalactosylatingβ-galactosidase from probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MCC2156:production and permeabilization for use as whole cell biocatalyst[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2015,52(9):6003-6009.DOI:10.1007/s13197-014-1656-4.
[27]ZHANG Hongzhi,LI Wei,RUI Xin,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum70810 from Chinese paocai as a potential source ofβ-galactosidase for prebiotic galactooligosaccharides synthesis[J].European Food Research and Technology,2013,236(5):817-826.DOI:10.1007/s00217-013-1938-5.
[28]BHALLA T C,DEVI A,ANGMO K,et al.β-Galactosidase from Lactobacillus brevis PLA28:purification,characterization and synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides[J].Journal of Food and Industrial Microbiology,2015,1:1-5.DOI:10.4172/jfim.1000104.
[29]NGUYEN T T,NGUYEN H A,ARREOLA S L,et al.Homodimericβ-galactosidase from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus DSM 20081:expression in Lactobacillus plantarum and biochemical characterization[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2012,60(7):1713-1721.DOI:10.1021/jf203909e.
[30]LIU G X,KONG J,LU W W,et al.β-Galactosidase with transgalactosylation activity from Lactobacillus fermentum K4[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(12):5811-5820.DOI:10.3168/jds.2011-4479.
[31]IQBAL S,NGUYEN T H,NGUYEN H A,et al.Characterization of a heterodimeric GH2β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus sakei Lb790 and formation of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(8):3803-3811.DOI:10.1021/jf103832q.
[32]NGUYENT H,SPLECHTNA B,KRASTE VAS,et al.Characterization and molecular cloning of a heterodimericβ-galactosidase from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus R22[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2007,269(1):136-144.DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00614.x.
[33]SPLECHTNA B,NGUYEN T H,STEINB?CK M,et al.Production of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides from lactose usingβ-galactosidases from Lactobacillus reuteri[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2006,54(14):4999-5006.DOI:10.1021/jf053127m.
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