基于奇异值分解和粒子群优化算法的图像水印算法
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摘要
针对目前图像水印算法存在的水印可见性与抗攻击鲁棒性的矛盾,为获得理想的图像水印效果,设计一种基于奇异值分解和粒子群优化算法的图像水印算法.首先对原始载体图像进行尺度不变特征变换,选择水印嵌入的区域,并将水印嵌入区域划为多个子块;然后采用奇异值分解算法对子块进行处理,建立奇异值矩阵,并对水印和水印嵌入区域子块进行融合生成水印矩阵;最后采用粒子群优化算法确定水印嵌入的强度.图像水印仿真实验结果表明,该算法可得到理想的水印嵌入效果,水印的不可见性较好,人眼不能感觉出水印嵌入的影响,水印对各种攻击具有较强的鲁棒性,且该水印算法的整体性能明显优于当前其他图像水印算法.
Aiming at the contradiction between watermark visibility and anti-attack robustness in the current image watermarking algorithm,we designed an image watermarking algorithm based on singular value decomposition(SVD)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to obtain the ideal image watermark effect.Firstly,the image of original carrier was transformed by scale invariant feature,the watermark embedding area was selected,and the watermark embedding region was divided into multiple sub-blocks.Secondly,the singular value decomposition algorithm was used to deal with the sub-blocks,and the singular value matrix was established,and the watermark and the subblock were fused into the watermark matrix.Finally,the particle swarm optimization algorithmwas used to determine the intensity of watermark embedding.The simulation experiment results of image watermarking show that the algorithm can get the ideal watermark embedding effect,the watermark is invisible,the human eye cannot feel the effect of the watermark embedding,the watermark is robust to various attacks,and the overall performance of the watermarking algorithm is much better than other current image watermarking algorithms.
Aiming at the contradiction between watermark visibility and anti-attack robustness in the current image watermarking algorithm,we designed an image watermarking algorithm based on singular value decomposition(SVD)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to obtain the ideal image watermark effect.Firstly,the image of original carrier was transformed by scale invariant feature,the watermark embedding area was selected,and the watermark embedding region was divided into multiple sub-blocks.Secondly,the singular value decomposition algorithm was used to deal with the sub-blocks,and the singular value matrix was established,and the watermark and the subblock were fused into the watermark matrix.Finally,the particle swarm optimization algorithmwas used to determine the intensity of watermark embedding.The simulation experiment results of image watermarking show that the algorithm can get the ideal watermark embedding effect,the watermark is invisible,the human eye cannot feel the effect of the watermark embedding,the watermark is robust to various attacks,and the overall performance of the watermarking algorithm is much better than other current image watermarking algorithms.
引文
[1]Bekkouch S,Faraoun K M.Robust and Reversible Image Watermarking Scheme Using Combined DCT-DWTSVD Transforms[J].Journal of Information Processing Systems,2015,11(3):406-420.
[2]Lyu W L,Chang C C,Nguyen T S,et al.Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Scale-Invariant Feature Transform[J].KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems,2014,8(10):3591-3606.
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[4]陈木生,蔡植善.抗亮度与对比度攻击的Contourlet域图像水印方法[J].计算机工程,2015,41(11):263-266.(CHEN Musheng,CAI Zhishan.Contourlet Domain Image Watermark Method of Anti-brightness and Anti-contrast Attack[J].Computer Engineering,2015,41(11):263-266.)
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[6]齐向明,高婷.图像块的不可见性与鲁棒性均衡水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(6):719-730.(QI Xiangming,GAO Ting.Invisible and Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on an Image Block[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(6):719-730.)
[7]刘真,白韬韬,卢鹏.一种解密图像无背景噪声的加密全息数字水印技术[J].光学学报,2015,35(2):0209002-1-0209002-8.(LIU Zhen,BAI Taotao,LU Peng.Encrypted Holographic Watermarking Technology with Decrypted Image Superposed No Noise[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(2):0209002-1-0209002-8.)
[8]韩绍程,王蕊,张兆宁,等.基于DCT变换的QWT域改进的图像盲水印算法[J].电视技术,2016,40(5):9-13.(HAN Shaocheng,WANG Rui,ZHANG Zhaoning,et al.Improved Blind Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT in Quaternion Wavelet Transform Domain[J].Video Engineering,2016,40(5):9-13.)
[9]汤永利,张亚萍,高玉龙.基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2018,30(2):265-271.(TANG Yongli,ZHANG Yaping,GAO Yulong.Compression Quantitative Digital Image Blind Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT-SVD[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Science Edition),2018,30(2):265-271.)
[10]王祖喜,毛刘刚,胡汉平.基于数字全息和奇异值分解的鲁棒性数字水印方案[J].小型微型计算机系统,2014,35(8):1789-1793.(WANG Zuxi,MAO Liugang,HU Hanping.Robust Digital Watermarking Scheme Based on Digital Holography and Singular Value Decomposition[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2014,35(8):1789-1793.)
[11]朱建忠,姚志强.基于DWT-SVD和Turbo码的彩色图像盲水印算法[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2014,52(4):773-778.(ZHU Jianzhong,YAO Zhiqiang.Blind Water Marking Algorithm for Color Images Based on DWT-SVD and Turbo Codes[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2014,52(4):773-778.)
[12]肖振久,张晗,陈虹,等.增强奇异值分解和细胞神经网络的零水印[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(3):288-296.(XIAO Zhenjiu,ZHANG Han,CHEN Hong,et al.Zero-Watermarking Based on Boost Normed Singular Value Decomposition and Cellular Neural Network[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(3):288-296.)
[13]韩绍程,王蕊,贾桂敏.基于Hessenberg分解的彩色图像盲水印算法[J].计算机工程与设计,2017,38(12):3354-3361.(HAN Shaocheng,WANG Rui,JIA Guimin.Color Blind Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on Hessenberg Decomposition[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2017,38(12):3354-3361.)
[14]齐向明,李玥,高婷,等.图像块的自适应均衡水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2018,23(4):467-477.(QI Xiangming,LI Yue,GAO Ting,et al.Watermarking Algorithm for Adaptive Equalization Based on Image Block[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2018,23(4):467-477.)
[2]Lyu W L,Chang C C,Nguyen T S,et al.Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Scale-Invariant Feature Transform[J].KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems,2014,8(10):3591-3606.
[3]陈河山,吕珍珍,罗伟.一个基于离散混沌加密的数字水印算法[J].计算机科学,2014,41(12):48-52.(CHEN Heshan,LZhenzhen,LUO Wei.Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on Dispersed Chaotic Mapping System[J].Computer Science,2014,41(12):48-52.)
[4]陈木生,蔡植善.抗亮度与对比度攻击的Contourlet域图像水印方法[J].计算机工程,2015,41(11):263-266.(CHEN Musheng,CAI Zhishan.Contourlet Domain Image Watermark Method of Anti-brightness and Anti-contrast Attack[J].Computer Engineering,2015,41(11):263-266.)
[5]詹旭,罗毅,陈昌忠,等.基于压缩传感的分块DCT域灰度图像水印算法[J].通信技术,2015,48(1):90-96.(ZHAN Xu,LUO Yi,CHEN Changzhong,et al.A Gray Image Watermark Algorithm Based on Compressed Sensing and DCT[J].Communication Technology,2015,48(1):90-96.)
[6]齐向明,高婷.图像块的不可见性与鲁棒性均衡水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(6):719-730.(QI Xiangming,GAO Ting.Invisible and Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on an Image Block[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(6):719-730.)
[7]刘真,白韬韬,卢鹏.一种解密图像无背景噪声的加密全息数字水印技术[J].光学学报,2015,35(2):0209002-1-0209002-8.(LIU Zhen,BAI Taotao,LU Peng.Encrypted Holographic Watermarking Technology with Decrypted Image Superposed No Noise[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(2):0209002-1-0209002-8.)
[8]韩绍程,王蕊,张兆宁,等.基于DCT变换的QWT域改进的图像盲水印算法[J].电视技术,2016,40(5):9-13.(HAN Shaocheng,WANG Rui,ZHANG Zhaoning,et al.Improved Blind Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT in Quaternion Wavelet Transform Domain[J].Video Engineering,2016,40(5):9-13.)
[9]汤永利,张亚萍,高玉龙.基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2018,30(2):265-271.(TANG Yongli,ZHANG Yaping,GAO Yulong.Compression Quantitative Digital Image Blind Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT-SVD[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Science Edition),2018,30(2):265-271.)
[10]王祖喜,毛刘刚,胡汉平.基于数字全息和奇异值分解的鲁棒性数字水印方案[J].小型微型计算机系统,2014,35(8):1789-1793.(WANG Zuxi,MAO Liugang,HU Hanping.Robust Digital Watermarking Scheme Based on Digital Holography and Singular Value Decomposition[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2014,35(8):1789-1793.)
[11]朱建忠,姚志强.基于DWT-SVD和Turbo码的彩色图像盲水印算法[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2014,52(4):773-778.(ZHU Jianzhong,YAO Zhiqiang.Blind Water Marking Algorithm for Color Images Based on DWT-SVD and Turbo Codes[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2014,52(4):773-778.)
[12]肖振久,张晗,陈虹,等.增强奇异值分解和细胞神经网络的零水印[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(3):288-296.(XIAO Zhenjiu,ZHANG Han,CHEN Hong,et al.Zero-Watermarking Based on Boost Normed Singular Value Decomposition and Cellular Neural Network[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(3):288-296.)
[13]韩绍程,王蕊,贾桂敏.基于Hessenberg分解的彩色图像盲水印算法[J].计算机工程与设计,2017,38(12):3354-3361.(HAN Shaocheng,WANG Rui,JIA Guimin.Color Blind Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on Hessenberg Decomposition[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2017,38(12):3354-3361.)
[14]齐向明,李玥,高婷,等.图像块的自适应均衡水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2018,23(4):467-477.(QI Xiangming,LI Yue,GAO Ting,et al.Watermarking Algorithm for Adaptive Equalization Based on Image Block[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2018,23(4):467-477.)