测试作业电控紧急关断系统设计
|
摘要
海上勘探测试面对越来越多的高温高压井、深水井、高产气井、含硫化氢井,作业中经常遇到井下温度超过180℃、地层压力系数超过1.3、地层流体中有毒有害气体含量不确定等难题。这些困难严重制约着海上勘探测试的工程施工安全和测试技术的发展,进一步提高现场测试作业安全标准是行业发展的必然趋势。地面测试安全技术作为海上测试的重要一环,其传统紧急关断系统(简称ESD)采用气体作为传导信号,导致关断系统稳定性差,响应时间超过15 s,应急反应时间长,为现场测试作业安全埋下极大隐患。通过调研国内现有技术,对传统ESD系统进行技术革新,重新设计,采用电控替换气控,使电信号代替传统气体信号,实现紧急关断时间降低至4 s,保障了现场作业的安全。电控ESD系统已成功应用于渤中19-6区块4口探井的测试作业中,从技术层面提高了海洋石油勘探测试作业的地面安全标准。
At present, offshore exploration well test is facing more and more testing of high temperature and high pressure wells,deep water wells, high production gas wells, and hydrogen sulfide containing wells, which is often challenged with downhole temperatures over 180 ℃, formation pressure coefficient over 1.3, and toxic and harmful gas in formation fluids. These challenges greatly restrict the development of engineering operation safety and testing technology for offshore exploration testing, making further improved safety standards for well test operation an inevitable trend in the development of the industry. Ground well test safety technology is an important part of offshore testing. The traditional emergency shutdown system(ESD) uses gas for signal transmission, resulting in poor stability of the shutdown system and long emergency response time of more than 15 s and leaving a great hidden hazard for and well tests safety. By investigating the existing domestic technology, technical innovation of traditional ESD system is conducted. The principle of traditional ESD system is redesigned to replace the gas control with the electric control. By replacing the traditional gas signal with the electric signal, the emergency shutdown time is reduced to 4 s, which ensures the on-site operation safety. The electronically controlled ESD system has been successfully applied to the well test operation of four exploration wells in Bozhong 19-6 Block, and the ground safety standard for offshore exploration well test operations has been technically improved.
At present, offshore exploration well test is facing more and more testing of high temperature and high pressure wells,deep water wells, high production gas wells, and hydrogen sulfide containing wells, which is often challenged with downhole temperatures over 180 ℃, formation pressure coefficient over 1.3, and toxic and harmful gas in formation fluids. These challenges greatly restrict the development of engineering operation safety and testing technology for offshore exploration testing, making further improved safety standards for well test operation an inevitable trend in the development of the industry. Ground well test safety technology is an important part of offshore testing. The traditional emergency shutdown system(ESD) uses gas for signal transmission, resulting in poor stability of the shutdown system and long emergency response time of more than 15 s and leaving a great hidden hazard for and well tests safety. By investigating the existing domestic technology, technical innovation of traditional ESD system is conducted. The principle of traditional ESD system is redesigned to replace the gas control with the electric control. By replacing the traditional gas signal with the electric signal, the emergency shutdown time is reduced to 4 s, which ensures the on-site operation safety. The electronically controlled ESD system has been successfully applied to the well test operation of four exploration wells in Bozhong 19-6 Block, and the ground safety standard for offshore exploration well test operations has been technically improved.
引文
[1]吕建中,郭晓霞,杨金华.深水油气勘探开发技术发展现状及趋势[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):13-18.
[2]寇贝贝,刘正礼,姜清兆,等.深水钻井动力定位平台允许漂移范围分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):36-38.
[3]崔继鹏.紧急关断系统在海洋石油平台上的应用[A].中国造船工程学会近海工程学术委员会. 2009年度海洋工程学术会议论文集(下册)[C].中国造船工程学会近海工程学术委员会,2009.
[4]王俊荣,付英军,韦红术,等.考虑内波流影响的南海八号钻井平台锚泊能力分析评估[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):43-46.
[5]李中,方满宗,李磊.南海西部深水钻井实践[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):92-95.
[6]谢腾腾.胜利埕岛中心3号平台紧急关断系统设计与开发[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2013:50-60.
[7]陈彬,罗俊丰,叶吉华,等.深水井控成功实践与技术分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):129-131.
[8]叶吉华,刘正礼,罗俊丰,等.南海深水钻井井控技术难点及应对措施[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):139-142.
[9]韦洪术,王荣耀,张玉亭,等.南海深水钻井防台风应急技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):151-153.
[10]何玉发,周建良,蒋世全,等.深水井测试的主要风险及安全控制技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):163-165.
[11]殷志明,张红生,周建良,等.深水钻井井喷事故情景构建及应急能力评估[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):166-171.
[12]董星亮.南海西部高温高压井测试技术现状及展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):723-729.
[13]李中.南海高温高压气田开发钻完井技术现状及展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):730-736.
[14]穆学礼,朱瑞苗,曹斌,等.紧急关断系统在高含硫天然气集输中的应用[J].科技视界,2013(5):169-170.
[15]吴洋.火气系统在天然气装置中的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2013,32(9):153.
[16]杨朋飞,李德刚. LNG储罐安全仪表系统设计[J].仪器仪表用户,2018,25(7):11-13,55.
[17]左方晨.海上平台防爆电气设备的选型与安装[J].防爆电机,2018,53(3):26-29.
[2]寇贝贝,刘正礼,姜清兆,等.深水钻井动力定位平台允许漂移范围分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):36-38.
[3]崔继鹏.紧急关断系统在海洋石油平台上的应用[A].中国造船工程学会近海工程学术委员会. 2009年度海洋工程学术会议论文集(下册)[C].中国造船工程学会近海工程学术委员会,2009.
[4]王俊荣,付英军,韦红术,等.考虑内波流影响的南海八号钻井平台锚泊能力分析评估[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):43-46.
[5]李中,方满宗,李磊.南海西部深水钻井实践[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):92-95.
[6]谢腾腾.胜利埕岛中心3号平台紧急关断系统设计与开发[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2013:50-60.
[7]陈彬,罗俊丰,叶吉华,等.深水井控成功实践与技术分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):129-131.
[8]叶吉华,刘正礼,罗俊丰,等.南海深水钻井井控技术难点及应对措施[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):139-142.
[9]韦洪术,王荣耀,张玉亭,等.南海深水钻井防台风应急技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):151-153.
[10]何玉发,周建良,蒋世全,等.深水井测试的主要风险及安全控制技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):163-165.
[11]殷志明,张红生,周建良,等.深水钻井井喷事故情景构建及应急能力评估[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):166-171.
[12]董星亮.南海西部高温高压井测试技术现状及展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):723-729.
[13]李中.南海高温高压气田开发钻完井技术现状及展望[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):730-736.
[14]穆学礼,朱瑞苗,曹斌,等.紧急关断系统在高含硫天然气集输中的应用[J].科技视界,2013(5):169-170.
[15]吴洋.火气系统在天然气装置中的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2013,32(9):153.
[16]杨朋飞,李德刚. LNG储罐安全仪表系统设计[J].仪器仪表用户,2018,25(7):11-13,55.
[17]左方晨.海上平台防爆电气设备的选型与安装[J].防爆电机,2018,53(3):26-29.