三明市梅列区绿地景观结构分析
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摘要
为全面了解三明市梅列区绿地分布结构,采用目视解译技术,提取三明市梅列区2007年航空遥感影像绿地信息,并分析其绿地景观格局特征。结果表明:梅列区绿地率为23.58%,绿地斑块密度为147.4776个/hm2,平均分维数为1.5840,蔓延度(或聚集度)为72.7777,绿地多样性指数SHDI为0.9494,均匀度指数SHEI为0.4879。6种绿地类型面积:公共绿地PU>居住区绿地R>交通绿地T>公共建设绿地PC>防护绿地PR>农业绿地A。从斑块特征看,梅列区绿地斑块类型以中型斑块为主(45.54%),Ⅱ中型斑块(116.9398 hm2)>Ⅲ中大型斑块(72.5536 hm2)>Ⅳ大型斑块(51.9676 hm2)>Ⅰ小型斑块(15.3127 hm2)。对8个景观破碎化指数进行主成分分析,降维处理后4个主成分的累计方差贡献率达99.782%。不同绿地类型的破碎化水平为R>PC>PR>T>A>PU。从空间关系看,R、A、T、PR斑块较连续、紧凑,而PC和PU斑块相对比较孤立。研究结果旨在为三明市绿地系统规划建设和生态安全格局研究提供参考依据。
To comprehensively understand urban green space distribution of Meilie District,Sanming City,the visual interpretation technique was used in extracting urban greenland information,and the spatial structure and spatial distribution of urban greenland were also studied by the method of remote sensing coupled with geographical information system technique.The results showed that the green rate,green density,average fractal dimensions,contagion/aggregation,green diversity index and green evenness index of Meilie were 23.58%,147.4776 individual/hm2,1.5840,72.7777,0.9494 and 0.4879 respectively.The greenland area of six types ranked from high to low as follows:public greenbelt(PU)>residential greenbelt(R)> traffic greenbelt(T)> public construction greenbelt(PC)>protective green buffer space(PR)> agriculture greenbelt(A).In terms of plaque,Meilie green plaque was dominated by medium-sized plaques(45.54%) and Ⅱ medium-sized plaques(116.9398 hm2)> Ⅲ medium and large plaques(72.5536 hm2)>Ⅳ large plaques(51.9676 hm2)>Ⅰsmall plaque(15.3127 hm2).Eight landscape fragmentation indexes was used to principal component analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of four principal components after dimension reducing processing was 99.782%.The law of green space fragmentation level to different Greenland types was R> PC> PR> T> A> PU.In terms of spatial relationships,the plaque of R,A,T and PR was continuous and compact,while the plaque of PC and PU was relatively isolated.These results may guide Sanming City to green,recycling,low-carbon development,and it's also may provide a scientific basis for building a rational urban green structure and ecological security pattern.
To comprehensively understand urban green space distribution of Meilie District,Sanming City,the visual interpretation technique was used in extracting urban greenland information,and the spatial structure and spatial distribution of urban greenland were also studied by the method of remote sensing coupled with geographical information system technique.The results showed that the green rate,green density,average fractal dimensions,contagion/aggregation,green diversity index and green evenness index of Meilie were 23.58%,147.4776 individual/hm2,1.5840,72.7777,0.9494 and 0.4879 respectively.The greenland area of six types ranked from high to low as follows:public greenbelt(PU)>residential greenbelt(R)> traffic greenbelt(T)> public construction greenbelt(PC)>protective green buffer space(PR)> agriculture greenbelt(A).In terms of plaque,Meilie green plaque was dominated by medium-sized plaques(45.54%) and Ⅱ medium-sized plaques(116.9398 hm2)> Ⅲ medium and large plaques(72.5536 hm2)>Ⅳ large plaques(51.9676 hm2)>Ⅰsmall plaque(15.3127 hm2).Eight landscape fragmentation indexes was used to principal component analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of four principal components after dimension reducing processing was 99.782%.The law of green space fragmentation level to different Greenland types was R> PC> PR> T> A> PU.In terms of spatial relationships,the plaque of R,A,T and PR was continuous and compact,while the plaque of PC and PU was relatively isolated.These results may guide Sanming City to green,recycling,low-carbon development,and it's also may provide a scientific basis for building a rational urban green structure and ecological security pattern.
引文
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[2]王雪,赵宪文,梁朝信.基于遥感和GIS的城市绿地景观格局分析[J].林业资源管理,2006,4:81-84,69.
[3]He HS,DeZonia B,Mladenoff D J.Anaggregation index(AI)to quantify spatial patterns of landscapes[J].Landscape Ecology,2000,15(7):591-601.
[4]韩周林,梁玉喜,孙大江.基于Quick bird影像的成都市高新区绿地景观格局研究[J].中国农学通报2010,26(17):238-241.
[5]苏少青,赵宇,刘晓南,等.基于景观指数聚类的粤北典型区景观生态区划[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):452-455.
[6]徐丽华,岳文泽.城市公园景观的热环境效应[J].生态学报,2008,28(4):1702-1710.
[7]陈志强,陈健飞.海峡两岸城市绿地遥感监测与对比分析[J].地球信息科学,2008,10(3):326-331.
[8]叶功富,洪志猛,甘永洪,等.厦门城市绿地生态系统景观结构与异质性分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2005,33(5):71-74.
[9]郭程轩,甄坚伟.基于TM图像的城市生态绿地格局分析与评价[J].国土资源遥感,2003,57(3):33-36.
[10]车生泉,宋永昌.城市绿地景观卫星遥感信息解译——以上海市为例[J].城市环境与城市生态,2001,14(2)10-12.
[11]Sui D Z,Zeng H.Modeling the dynamics of landscape structure in Asia’s emerging Desakota regions:a case study in Shenzhen[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2001,53:37-52.
[12]蒋文伟,梅艳霞,郭慧慧.基于GIS的小城市景观空间结构分析——以宁波市鄞州区3个街道为例[J].林业科学,2011,47(12):28-35.
[13]肖荣波,周志翔,王鹏程,等.武钢工业区绿地景观格局分析及综合评价[J].生态学报,2004,24(9):1924-1930.
[14]游丽平,林广发,杨陈照,等.景观指数的空间尺度效应分析——以厦门岛土地利用格局为例[J].地球信息科学,2008,10(1):74-79.
[15]高艳,毕如田.涑水河流域景观指数的粒度效应[J].中国农学通报2010,26(13):396-400.
[16]周廷刚,郭达志.基于GIS的城市绿地景观空间结构研究——以宁波市为例[J].生态学报,2003,23(5):901-907.
[17]马琳,陆玉麟.南京市主城区公园绿地景观格局分析[J].地域研究与开发,2010,29(3):73-76.
[18]Tian Yuhong,Jim C Y,Tao Yan,et al.Landscape ecological assessment of green space fragmentation in Hong Kong[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2011,2:79-86.