双相不锈钢中奥氏体沉淀相的晶粒取向及界面特征分布
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摘要
利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术和基于Rodrigues-Frank(R-F)空间的取向差分析方法研究双相不锈钢中过饱和铁素体(α)经1323K沉淀析出的奥氏体(γ)相的晶粒取向和界面(晶界和相界)特征分布。结果表明:α晶粒经ε=2预先轧制变形后,γ析出相具有较强的织构,晶粒内取向差呈现以小角度晶界为主,孪晶界次之的晶界特征分布,这些晶粒与α基体的取向关系满足K-S,N-W和Bain关系的数量基本相当。具有相同取向而未经轧制变形的α晶粒沉淀析出的γ晶粒取向基本随机分布,与基体的取向关系主要以K-S为主;但内部发生孪晶的γ晶粒与基体不再满足K-S关系,其周围的相界约有1/4满足35°/〈110〉的新型取向关系。
The grain orientation and the interface character distribution were investigated forγprecipitation from the supersaturatedαduring aging at 1323 Kin duplex stainless steel by using EBSD technique and misorientation analysis based on Rodrigues-Frank(R-F)space.The results show that sharp texture and the grain boundary character distribution featured by a high population of low angle grain boundary(LAB)and a small number of twin boundaries(TBs)are produced in theγprecipitated from cold-rolled supersaturated coarseαwith pre-strain of ε=2.The precipitatedγgrains approximately possess K-S,N-W and Bain orientation relationship with theαmatrix equally.For the unstrainedαmatrix of the same orientation,nearly random texture and the grain boundary character predominated by TBs are introduced in theγprecipitation after aging.Most ofγhave K-S relation with theαmatrix.However,twining inγleads to the deviation from typical K-S orientation relationship.And also,one-fourth of phase boundaries alongγgrains containing twins are found to obey a new orientation relationship of 35°/〈110〉withαmatrix.
The grain orientation and the interface character distribution were investigated forγprecipitation from the supersaturatedαduring aging at 1323 Kin duplex stainless steel by using EBSD technique and misorientation analysis based on Rodrigues-Frank(R-F)space.The results show that sharp texture and the grain boundary character distribution featured by a high population of low angle grain boundary(LAB)and a small number of twin boundaries(TBs)are produced in theγprecipitated from cold-rolled supersaturated coarseαwith pre-strain of ε=2.The precipitatedγgrains approximately possess K-S,N-W and Bain orientation relationship with theαmatrix equally.For the unstrainedαmatrix of the same orientation,nearly random texture and the grain boundary character predominated by TBs are introduced in theγprecipitation after aging.Most ofγhave K-S relation with theαmatrix.However,twining inγleads to the deviation from typical K-S orientation relationship.And also,one-fourth of phase boundaries alongγgrains containing twins are found to obey a new orientation relationship of 35°/〈110〉withαmatrix.
引文
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[19]YANG J R,BHADESHIA H K D H.Acicular ferrite transformation in alloy-steel weld metals[J].Journal of Materials Science,1991,26(3):839-845.
[20]CHEN C Y,YEN H W,YANG J R.Sympathetic nucleation of austenite in a Fe-22Cr-5Ni duplex stainless steel[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,56(8):673-676.
[21]CHOWDURY S G,DATTA S,KUMAR B R,et al.Randomization of texture during recrystallization of austenite in a cold rolled metastable austenitic stainless steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2007,443(1):114-119.
[2]秦健朝,崔仁杰,黄朝晖,等.小角度晶界对DD5镍基单晶高温合金力学性能的影响[J].航空材料学报,2017,37(3):24-29.QIN J C,CUI R J,HUANG Z H,et al.Effect of low angle grain boundaries on mechanical properties of DD5single crystal Ni-base superalloy[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2017,37(3):24-29.
[3]方晓英,刘志勇,TIKHONOVA M,等.多向锻造和单向轧制304不锈钢高温退火后的晶界特征分布[J].金属学报,2012,48(8):895-906.FANG X Y,LIU Z Y,TIKHONOVA M,et al.Grain boundary plane distribution in 304steel annealed at high temperature after a parallel processing of multiple forging and direct rolling[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2012,48(8):895-906.
[4]张留艳,马爱斌,江静华,等.ECAP加工与热处理对工业纯铁点蚀行为的影响[J].材料工程,2016,44(11):66-72.ZHANG L Y,MA A B,JIANG J H,et al.Effect of ECAP and heat-treatment on pitting corrosion behavior of industrial pure iron[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(11):66-72.
[5]MICHIUCHI M,KOKAWA H,WANG Z J,et al.Twin-induced grain boundary engineering for 316austenitic stainless steel[J].Acta Materialia,2006,54(19):5179-5184.
[6]马洛宁,王天佑,张峥.短时氧化对定向凝固高温合金不同取向腐蚀性能的影响[J].材料工程,2016,44(7):78-87.MA L N,WANG T Y,ZHANG Z.Influence of short-time oxidation on corrosion properties of directionally solidified superalloys with different orientations[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(7):78-87.
[7]SHEK C H,LAI J K L,WONG K W,et al.Early-stage widmanstatten growth of theγphase in a duplex steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2000,31(1):15-19.
[8]QIU D,ZHANG W Z.A TEM study of the crystallography of austenite precipitates in a duplex stainless steel[J].Acta Materialia,2007,55(20):6754-6764.
[9]HUANG X X,TSUZAKI K,MAKI T.Subgrain growth and misorientation of theαmatrix in an(α+γ)microduplex stainless steel[J].Acta Metallurgica et Materialia,1995,43(9):3375-3384.
[10]RANDLE V,DAY A.Use of Rodrigues-Frank space for representation of microtexture and grain boundary parameters[J].Materials Science and Technology,1993,9(12):1069-1078.
[11]HE Y L,GODET S,JONAS J J.Representation of misorientations in Rodrigues-Frank space:application to the Bain,Kurdjumov-Sachs,Nishiyama-Wassermann and Pitsch orientation relationships in the Gibeon meteorite[J].Acta Materialia,2005,53(4):1179-1190.
[12]FANG X Y,YIN W H,QIN C X,et al.The interface character distribution of cold-rolled and annealed duplex stainless steel[J].Materials Characterization,2016,118:397-404.
[13]LISCHEWSKI I,GOTTSTEIN G.Nucleation and variant selection during theα-γ-αphase transformation in microalloyed steel[J].Acta Materialia,2011,59(4):1530-1541.
[14]FURUHARA T,MAKI T.Variant selection in heterogeneous nucleation on defects in diffusional phase transformation and precipitation[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2001,312(1):145-154.
[15]BUTRON-GUILLEN M P,JONAS J J,RAY R K.Effect of austenite pancaking on texture formation in a plain carbon and a Nb microalloyed steel[J].Acta Metallurgica et Materialia,1994,42(11):3615-3627.
[16]MORITO S,TANAKA H,KONISHI R,et al.The morphology and crystallography of lath martensite in Fe-C alloys[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(6):1789-1799.
[17]WANG W G,DAI Y,LI J H,et al.An atomic-level mechanism of annealing twinning in copper observed by molecular dynamics simulation[J].Crystal Growth&Design,2011,11(7):2928-2934.
[18]ARONSON H I,SPANOS G,MASAMURA R A,et al.Sympathetic nucleation:an overview[J].Materials Science and Engineering:B,1995,32(3):107-123.
[19]YANG J R,BHADESHIA H K D H.Acicular ferrite transformation in alloy-steel weld metals[J].Journal of Materials Science,1991,26(3):839-845.
[20]CHEN C Y,YEN H W,YANG J R.Sympathetic nucleation of austenite in a Fe-22Cr-5Ni duplex stainless steel[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,56(8):673-676.
[21]CHOWDURY S G,DATTA S,KUMAR B R,et al.Randomization of texture during recrystallization of austenite in a cold rolled metastable austenitic stainless steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2007,443(1):114-119.