6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接过程中晶粒取向演化
|
摘要
采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术,研究6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊核区及母材上表面晶粒形貌、晶界特征、织构组分的演化。结果表明:在焊接过程中,母材发生塑性变形以及动态回复再结晶,晶粒被细化;基于搅拌针后方所形成的汤普森四面体,邻近匙孔焊核区首先形成(110)[001]高斯织构和(114)[221]织构,且这两种织构晶粒沿〈110〉晶向旋转一定角度,进一步形成(112)[111]铜织构、(111)[112]织构;距匙孔40mm处焊核区,经历了轴肩的挤压,塑性变形程度更大,使得[110]丝织构占主导地位。
The evolution of grain morphology,grain boundary characterization,misorientation distribution and texture in upper part of base metal and nugget zone during friction stir welding of 6082-T6 aluminum alloys was investigated by the electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)technique.The results show that the grains of the base metal are refined due to the experienced plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallization;based on the Thompson tetrahedrons that are formed behind the pin,the(110)[001]Goss texture and(114)[221]texture are formed firstly in nugget zone adjacent to keyhole.Those grains rotate along 〈110〉crystallographic direction due to the stress introduced by the shoulder,leading subsequently to the formation of the(112)[111]copper texture and(111)[112]texture;the nugget zone located at a distance of 40 mm from the keyhole experiences shoulder extrusion,thus,the plastic deformation degree becomes bigger and the[110]fiber texture consequently dominates in this region.
The evolution of grain morphology,grain boundary characterization,misorientation distribution and texture in upper part of base metal and nugget zone during friction stir welding of 6082-T6 aluminum alloys was investigated by the electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)technique.The results show that the grains of the base metal are refined due to the experienced plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallization;based on the Thompson tetrahedrons that are formed behind the pin,the(110)[001]Goss texture and(114)[221]texture are formed firstly in nugget zone adjacent to keyhole.Those grains rotate along 〈110〉crystallographic direction due to the stress introduced by the shoulder,leading subsequently to the formation of the(112)[111]copper texture and(111)[112]texture;the nugget zone located at a distance of 40 mm from the keyhole experiences shoulder extrusion,thus,the plastic deformation degree becomes bigger and the[110]fiber texture consequently dominates in this region.
引文
[1]刘炜.6082合金船用铝型材的生产工艺研究[J].铝加工,2001,24(3):19-22.LIU W.Study on the production process of 6082aluminium alloy profiles for ship[J].Aluminium Fabrication,2001,24(3):19-22.
[2] SU J Q,NELSON T W,MISHRA R,et al.Microstructural investigation of friction stir welded 7050-T651aluminium[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(3):713-729.
[3] ERIDXXON M,SANDSTROM R.Influence of welding speed on the fatigue of friction stir welds and comparison with MIG and TIG[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2003,25(12):1379-1387.
[4]王文,李天麒,乔柯,等.转速对水下搅拌摩擦焊接7A04-T6铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].材料工程,2017,45(10):32-38.WANG W,LI T Q,QIAO K,et al.Effect of rotation rate on microstructure and properties of underwater friction stir welded7A04-T6aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2017,45(10):32-38.
[5]郝亚鑫,王文,徐瑞琦,等.焊后热处理对7A04铝合金水下搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织性能的影响[J].材料工程,2016,44(6):70-75.HAO Y X,WANG W,XU R Q,et al.Effect of post weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of submerged friction stir welded 7A04aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(6):70-75.
[6]袁鸽成,李仲华,朱振华,等.5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝应力腐蚀行为[J].材料研究与应用,2010,4(4):509-513.YUAN G C,LI Z H,ZHU Z H,et al.The friction stir welds performance of stress corrosion cracking for 5083aluminum alloy plate[J].Materials Research and Application,2010,4(4):509-513.
[7]袁鸽成,梁春朗,刘洪,等.搅拌摩擦焊焊接5083铝合金板材焊核区的晶体取向[J].焊接学报,2014,35(8):79-82.YUAN G C,LIANG C L,LIU H,et al.Crystal orientation in nugget zone of friction stir welded 5083aluminum alloy plates[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2014,35(8):79-82.
[8]肖继生,李建萍,柯黎明,等.搅拌摩擦焊基础塑性流动形态的研究[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(13):1-3.XIAO J S,LI J P,KE L M,et al.Study on basic flow behavior in friction stir welding[J].Hot Working Technology,2011,40(13):1-3.
[9]秦红珊,杨新岐.铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝和母材疲劳裂纹扩展行为[J].航空材料学报,2017,37(5):41-47.QIN H S,YANG X Q.Performances of fatigue crack growth for aluminum friction stir welds and base materials[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2017,37(5):41-47.
[10] XU N,UEJI R,FUJII H.Dynamic and static change of grain size and texture of copper during friction stir welding[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,232:90-99.
[11] SUHUDDIN U F H R,MIRONOV S,SATO Y S,et al.Grain structure evolution during friction-stir welding of AZ31magnesium alloy[J].Acta Materialia,2009,57(18):5406-5418.
[12] PRANGNELL P B,HEASON C P.Grain structure formation during friction stir welding observed by the ‘stop action technique’[J].Acta Materialia,2005,53(11):3179-3192.
[13] JEONA J,MIRONOV S,SATO Y S,et al.Anisotropy of structural response of single crystal austenitic stainless steel to friction stir welding[J].Acta Materialia,2013,61(9):3465-3472.
[14] SABOONI S,KARIMZADEH F,ENAYATI M H,et al.Recrystallisation mechanism during friction stir welding of ultrafine and coarse-grained AISI 304Lstainless steel[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2016,21(4):287-294.
[15] HUANG Y X,WANG Y B,MENG X C,et al.Dynamic recrystallization and mechanical properties of friction stir processed Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2017,249:331-338.
[16] GRATECAP F,GIRARD M,MARYA S,et al.Exploring material flow in friction stir welding:tool eccentricity and formation of banded structures[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2012,5(2):99-107.
[17]栾国红,郭德伦,张田仓,等.铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊[J].焊接技术,2003,32(1):1-4.LUAN G H,GUO D L,ZHANG T C,et al.Friction stir welding of aluminium alloy[J].Welding Technology,2003,32(1):1-4.
[18]张信钰.金属和合金的织构[M].北京:科学出版社,1976.ZHANG X Y.Texture of metal and alloy[M].Beijing:Science Press,1976.
[19] STAO Y S,KOKAWA H,IKEDA K,et al.Microtexture in the friction-stir weld of an aluminum alloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2001,32(4):941-948.
[20]胡庚祥,蔡珣,戎咏华.材料科学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000.HU G X,CAI X,RONG Y H.Fundamentals of materials science[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2000.
[2] SU J Q,NELSON T W,MISHRA R,et al.Microstructural investigation of friction stir welded 7050-T651aluminium[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(3):713-729.
[3] ERIDXXON M,SANDSTROM R.Influence of welding speed on the fatigue of friction stir welds and comparison with MIG and TIG[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2003,25(12):1379-1387.
[4]王文,李天麒,乔柯,等.转速对水下搅拌摩擦焊接7A04-T6铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].材料工程,2017,45(10):32-38.WANG W,LI T Q,QIAO K,et al.Effect of rotation rate on microstructure and properties of underwater friction stir welded7A04-T6aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2017,45(10):32-38.
[5]郝亚鑫,王文,徐瑞琦,等.焊后热处理对7A04铝合金水下搅拌摩擦焊接接头组织性能的影响[J].材料工程,2016,44(6):70-75.HAO Y X,WANG W,XU R Q,et al.Effect of post weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of submerged friction stir welded 7A04aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(6):70-75.
[6]袁鸽成,李仲华,朱振华,等.5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝应力腐蚀行为[J].材料研究与应用,2010,4(4):509-513.YUAN G C,LI Z H,ZHU Z H,et al.The friction stir welds performance of stress corrosion cracking for 5083aluminum alloy plate[J].Materials Research and Application,2010,4(4):509-513.
[7]袁鸽成,梁春朗,刘洪,等.搅拌摩擦焊焊接5083铝合金板材焊核区的晶体取向[J].焊接学报,2014,35(8):79-82.YUAN G C,LIANG C L,LIU H,et al.Crystal orientation in nugget zone of friction stir welded 5083aluminum alloy plates[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2014,35(8):79-82.
[8]肖继生,李建萍,柯黎明,等.搅拌摩擦焊基础塑性流动形态的研究[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(13):1-3.XIAO J S,LI J P,KE L M,et al.Study on basic flow behavior in friction stir welding[J].Hot Working Technology,2011,40(13):1-3.
[9]秦红珊,杨新岐.铝合金搅拌摩擦焊缝和母材疲劳裂纹扩展行为[J].航空材料学报,2017,37(5):41-47.QIN H S,YANG X Q.Performances of fatigue crack growth for aluminum friction stir welds and base materials[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2017,37(5):41-47.
[10] XU N,UEJI R,FUJII H.Dynamic and static change of grain size and texture of copper during friction stir welding[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,232:90-99.
[11] SUHUDDIN U F H R,MIRONOV S,SATO Y S,et al.Grain structure evolution during friction-stir welding of AZ31magnesium alloy[J].Acta Materialia,2009,57(18):5406-5418.
[12] PRANGNELL P B,HEASON C P.Grain structure formation during friction stir welding observed by the ‘stop action technique’[J].Acta Materialia,2005,53(11):3179-3192.
[13] JEONA J,MIRONOV S,SATO Y S,et al.Anisotropy of structural response of single crystal austenitic stainless steel to friction stir welding[J].Acta Materialia,2013,61(9):3465-3472.
[14] SABOONI S,KARIMZADEH F,ENAYATI M H,et al.Recrystallisation mechanism during friction stir welding of ultrafine and coarse-grained AISI 304Lstainless steel[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2016,21(4):287-294.
[15] HUANG Y X,WANG Y B,MENG X C,et al.Dynamic recrystallization and mechanical properties of friction stir processed Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloys[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2017,249:331-338.
[16] GRATECAP F,GIRARD M,MARYA S,et al.Exploring material flow in friction stir welding:tool eccentricity and formation of banded structures[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2012,5(2):99-107.
[17]栾国红,郭德伦,张田仓,等.铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊[J].焊接技术,2003,32(1):1-4.LUAN G H,GUO D L,ZHANG T C,et al.Friction stir welding of aluminium alloy[J].Welding Technology,2003,32(1):1-4.
[18]张信钰.金属和合金的织构[M].北京:科学出版社,1976.ZHANG X Y.Texture of metal and alloy[M].Beijing:Science Press,1976.
[19] STAO Y S,KOKAWA H,IKEDA K,et al.Microtexture in the friction-stir weld of an aluminum alloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2001,32(4):941-948.
[20]胡庚祥,蔡珣,戎咏华.材料科学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000.HU G X,CAI X,RONG Y H.Fundamentals of materials science[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2000.