沙漠地区道路涵洞周围流场规律及积沙特征研究
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摘要
涵洞作为沙漠地区道路工程路基的重要组成部分之一,是保障道路安全的重要基础设施。但沙漠地区道路涵洞较易发生风沙灾害,故对其进行系统全面研究非常必要。通过对不同来流风速大小和不同来流方向下涵洞进行三维数值模拟,对比分析不同风速、不同来流方向下的涵洞周围积沙特征,并总结相关结论。研究结果和结论:对比不同来流方向下的涵洞流场特征,得出来流与涵洞夹角为20°时涵洞对洞前洞后流场影响最大,洞前有大面积增速区,洞后速度下降最为迅速。对比不同来流大小及方向下的涵洞周围积沙特征,可知随来流风速增大涵洞前积沙先增大后减少;洞腔内部随风速增大积沙会有所增多;洞后积沙随风速增大会明显增加。同一风速下夹角增大洞前积沙明显增多,且夹角越大洞前积沙横移越明显;洞后积沙随夹角增大会明显减小。
The culvert is one of the important parts in road engineering and an important infrastructure to ensure the safety of the road. Because the desert culvert is more prone to wind-sand disaster,it is necessary to carry out a systematic and comprehensive research on it. The threedimensional numerical simulation of the culvert under different inflow velocity and direction is carried out to compare and analyze sandaccumulation characteristics around the culvert under different wind speed and different inflow direction.And relevant conclusions are summarized. Research findings and conclusions show that the comparison of the characteristics of the flow field under different flow direction demonstrates that when the angle between the flow and the culvert is 20 degree,the influence of the culvert on the flow field is maximum; there is a large area of the speedup region before the hole and velocity decreases most rapidly after the hole. The comparison of highway culvert sediment accumulation rule under different wind speed and direction shows that with the increase of wind speed,the sand accumulation in front of the culvert increases and then decreases. The sand accumulated inside the highway culvert increases with the increase of wind speed,and the sand accumulated after the hole increases significantly with the increase of wind speed. At the same wind speed,the sand accumulated before the hole increases with the increase of angle,and the greater the angle, the more obvious the sand sideway before the hole; after the hole the sand accumulation decreases with the increase of angle.
The culvert is one of the important parts in road engineering and an important infrastructure to ensure the safety of the road. Because the desert culvert is more prone to wind-sand disaster,it is necessary to carry out a systematic and comprehensive research on it. The threedimensional numerical simulation of the culvert under different inflow velocity and direction is carried out to compare and analyze sandaccumulation characteristics around the culvert under different wind speed and different inflow direction.And relevant conclusions are summarized. Research findings and conclusions show that the comparison of the characteristics of the flow field under different flow direction demonstrates that when the angle between the flow and the culvert is 20 degree,the influence of the culvert on the flow field is maximum; there is a large area of the speedup region before the hole and velocity decreases most rapidly after the hole. The comparison of highway culvert sediment accumulation rule under different wind speed and direction shows that with the increase of wind speed,the sand accumulation in front of the culvert increases and then decreases. The sand accumulated inside the highway culvert increases with the increase of wind speed,and the sand accumulated after the hole increases significantly with the increase of wind speed. At the same wind speed,the sand accumulated before the hole increases with the increase of angle,and the greater the angle, the more obvious the sand sideway before the hole; after the hole the sand accumulation decreases with the increase of angle.
引文
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[3]冯忠居.路基中涵洞结构物受土压力作用机理分析[J].内蒙古公路与运输,2000(1):17-19.
[4]谭永波.高填方涵洞结构的优化研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.
[5]姜士磊.路堤涵洞土压力三维数值计算及理论研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2014.
[6]王韬.装配式多孔箱板组合涵洞结构设计技术研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2013.
[7]雷安.应用phase 2软件试算涵洞结构[J].科技创新与应用,2016(23):235.
[8]赵立岩.混凝土圆涵洞的病害分析及预防[J].公路,2001(11):60-62.
[9]戴铁丁.公路涵洞病害处治技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005.
[10]孙吴,梁学利.公路装配拱涵洞施工的质量控制措施[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2016(3):26-28,102.
[11]石龙,蒋富强,李凯崇,等.风沙流对铁路涵洞响应规律的三维仿真分析[J].铁道工程学报,2016(9):14-18.
[12]中华人民共和国交通部.JTGTD 65—2007公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.
[13]程建军,庞巧东.戈壁强风区挡风构筑物限制下列车气动力学特性分析[J].铁道标准设计,2013,57(1):1-4.
[14]景文宏,程建军,蒋富强.轨枕式挡沙墙挡风沙功效的数值模拟及实验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(1):181-189.
[15]Grimmond C S B,Oke T R.Aerodynamic properties of urban areas derived from analysis of surface form[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1999,38(9):1262-1292.
[16]庞巧东,刘建军,程建军,等.戈壁铁路挡风墙背风侧涡流长度及积沙的研究[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2011,29(5):629-632.
[17]高永平,钱伟平.浅析兰新铁路防风工程[J].资源环境与工程,2009,23(9):48-51.
[18]Cheng J J,Lei J Q,Li S Y,et al.Disturbance of the inclined inserting-type sand fence to wind-sand flow fields and its sand control characteristics[J].Aeolian Research,2016,21:139-150.
[19]王康龙.风沙流的双流体模型参数及输沙量分布特征研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.