智慧煤矿与智能化开采关键核心技术分析
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摘要
为解决煤炭开采面临的突出问题,找到煤炭开采未来发展方向和急需突破的关键核心技术,分析了国内外能源结构及煤炭的现状,指出利用科技进步实现安全高效绿色开采和清洁高效利用是煤炭的发展方向,建设智慧煤矿发展智能化开采是煤炭工业发展的必然选择。提出了智慧煤矿的内涵和3个基础理论问题及研究方向:(1)数字煤矿多源异构数据的统一表达及信息动态关联关系;(2)复杂围岩环境-开采系统作用机理及设备群全程路径和姿态智能控制的理论基础;(3)矿井设备群的系统健康状况预测、维护决策机制。提出了建设智慧煤矿MOS多系统综合管理、井下机器人群协同智慧和馈电管理、井下精确定位导航和5G通信管理、地质及矿井采掘运通信息动态管理、视频增强及实时数据驱动三维场景再现远程干预、环境及危险源感知与安全预警系统管理、智能化无人工作面系统管理和全矿井设备和设施健康管理八大智能系统管理操作平台的构想,分析了各平台的功能、特征和关键核心问题,提出了相应的建设路径和方法;分析了智慧煤矿的构成和建设目标,提出了智能化开采的八大核心技术短板和亟待攻破的关键技术,提出了技术层面从数据获取利用、智能决策和装备研发3个主要方向进行突破,管理层面从科学产能布局、专业化运行服务和建立新规范规程体系等促进发展的措施,指出了智慧煤矿和智能化开采技术发展的目标和实现路径。
In order to solve the outstanding problems faced by the coal mining,the key core technologies of the future development direction and the urgent breakthrough of the coal mining are found,the domestic and foreign energy structure and the coal status are analyzed.It is pointed out that using the scientific and technological progress to realize the safe and efficient green mining and clean and efficient utilization is the development direction of the coal,and the development of intelligent coal mine is an inevitable choice for the development of the coal industry.The connotation of intelligent coal mine and three basic theoretical problems and research directions are put forward:(1) the unified expression of multi-source and heterogeneous data and the information dynamic correlation relationship in digital coalmine;(2) the mechanism of complex surrounding rock environment-mining system and the theoretical basis of intelligent control of the whole path and attitude of equipment group;(3) the system health condition prediction and maintenance decision-making mechanism of mine equipment group. Eight operational management platforms of intelligent MOS multi-system integrated management,underground robot cooperative intelligence and feed management,underground precise positioning and navigation and 5 G communication management,geological and mine mining and transportation information dynamic management,video enhancement and real-time data-driven 3 D scene reproduction remote intervention,environment and hazard perception and security early warning system management,systematic management of intelligent unmanned working face and the health management of the whole mine equipment and facilities are conceived.The functions,characteristics and key problems of each platform are analyzed,and the corresponding construction paths and methods are put forward.By analyzing the composition and construction target of intelligent coal mine,the paper puts forward eight key technology short-boards and key technologies that need to be broken in intelligent mining,and puts forward the measures to promote the development in the aspects of both technology and management.At the technical level,there are three main directions: data acquisition and utilization,intelligent decision making and equipment R & D.At the management level,scientific production capacity layout,specialized operation service and the establishment of new standard rules and regulations system are put forward. The development goal and realization path of intelligent coal mine and intelligent mining technology are pointed out.
In order to solve the outstanding problems faced by the coal mining,the key core technologies of the future development direction and the urgent breakthrough of the coal mining are found,the domestic and foreign energy structure and the coal status are analyzed.It is pointed out that using the scientific and technological progress to realize the safe and efficient green mining and clean and efficient utilization is the development direction of the coal,and the development of intelligent coal mine is an inevitable choice for the development of the coal industry.The connotation of intelligent coal mine and three basic theoretical problems and research directions are put forward:(1) the unified expression of multi-source and heterogeneous data and the information dynamic correlation relationship in digital coalmine;(2) the mechanism of complex surrounding rock environment-mining system and the theoretical basis of intelligent control of the whole path and attitude of equipment group;(3) the system health condition prediction and maintenance decision-making mechanism of mine equipment group. Eight operational management platforms of intelligent MOS multi-system integrated management,underground robot cooperative intelligence and feed management,underground precise positioning and navigation and 5 G communication management,geological and mine mining and transportation information dynamic management,video enhancement and real-time data-driven 3 D scene reproduction remote intervention,environment and hazard perception and security early warning system management,systematic management of intelligent unmanned working face and the health management of the whole mine equipment and facilities are conceived.The functions,characteristics and key problems of each platform are analyzed,and the corresponding construction paths and methods are put forward.By analyzing the composition and construction target of intelligent coal mine,the paper puts forward eight key technology short-boards and key technologies that need to be broken in intelligent mining,and puts forward the measures to promote the development in the aspects of both technology and management.At the technical level,there are three main directions: data acquisition and utilization,intelligent decision making and equipment R & D.At the management level,scientific production capacity layout,specialized operation service and the establishment of new standard rules and regulations system are put forward. The development goal and realization path of intelligent coal mine and intelligent mining technology are pointed out.
引文
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[13]李明忠.中厚煤层智能化工作面无人高效开采关键技术研究与应用[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):31-35.LI Mingzhong.Key technology of minerless high effective mining in intelligent working face with medium-thickness seam[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(3):31-35.
[14]任怀伟,孟祥军,李政,等.8 m大采高综采工作面智能控制系统关键技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(11):37-44.REN Huaiwei,MENG Xiangjun,LI Zheng,et al.Study on key technology of intelligent control system applied in 8 m large mining height fully-mechanized face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(11):37-44.
[15]王国法,李希勇,张传昌,等.8 m大采高综采工作面成套装备研发及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(11):1-8.WANG Guofa,LI Xiyong,ZHANG Chuanchang,et al. Research and development and application of set equipment of 8 m large mining height fully-mechanized face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(11):1-8.
[16]田成金.煤炭智能化开采模式和关键技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(11):28-32.TIAN Chengjin. Research of intelligentized coal mining mode and key technologies[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(11):28-32.
[17]黄曾华.可视远程干预无人化开采技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(10):131-135,187.HUANG Zenghua.Study on unmanned mining technology with visualized remote interference[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(10):131-135,187.
[18]万娜,景海涛,周琳.智慧矿山空间数据元数据模型研究与应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018,41(1):40-45,54.WAN Na,JING Haitao,ZHOU Lin.Research and application of the spatial data metadata model oriented to smart mine[J]. Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2018,41(1):40-45,54.
[2]谢和平,王金华,王国法,等.煤炭革命新理念与煤炭科技发展构想[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(5):1187-1197.XIE Heping,WANG Jinhua,WANG Guofa,et al. New ideas of coal revolution and layout of coal science and technology development[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(5):1187-1197.
[3]雷毅.我国井工煤矿智能化开发技术现状及发展[J].煤矿开采,2017,22(2):1-4.LEI Yi.Present Situation and development of underground mine intelligent development technology in domestic[J].Coal Mining Technology,2017,22(2):1-4.
[4]霍中刚,武先利.互联网+智慧矿山发展方向[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(7):28-33,63.HUO Zhonggang,WU Xianli. Development tendency of internet plus intelligent mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(7):28-33,63.
[5]范京道.煤矿智能化开采技术创新与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(9):65-71.FAN Jingdao.Innovation and development of intelligent mining technology in coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(9):65-71.
[6]葛世荣,王忠宾,王世博.互联网+采煤机智能化关键技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(7):1-9.GE Shirong,WANG Zhongbin,WANG Shibo.Study on key technology of internet plus intelligent coal shearer[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(7):1-9.
[7]杨韶华,周昕,毕俊蕾.智慧矿山异构数据集成平台设计[J].工矿自动化,2015,41(5):23-26.YANG Shaohua,ZHOU Xin,BI Junlei.Design of heterogeneous data integration platform of smart mine[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2015,41(5):23-26.
[8]王国法,王虹,任怀伟,等.智慧煤矿2025情景目标和发展路径[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(2):295-305.WANG Guofa,WANG Hong,REN Huaiwei,et al. 2025 scenarios and development path of intelligent coal mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(2):295-305.
[9]王国法,范京道,徐亚军,等.煤炭智能化开采关键技术创新进展与展望[J].工矿自动化,2018,44(2):5-12.WANG Guofa,FAN Jingdao,XU Yajun,et al. Innovation progress and prospect on key technologies of intelligent coal mining[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2018,44(2):5-12.
[10]王国法,庞义辉,任怀伟,等.煤炭安全高效综采理论、技术与装备的创新和实践[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(4):903-913.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,REN Huaiwei,et al.Coal safe and efficient mining theory,technology and equipment innovation practice[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(4):903-913.
[11]王国法,庞义辉,马英.特厚煤层大采高综放自动化开采技术与装备[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(1):1-6.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,MA Ying.Automated mining technology and equipment for fully-mechanized caving mining with large mining height in extra-thick coal seam[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(1):1-6.
[12]范京道,王国法,张金虎,等.黄陵智能化无人工作面开采系统集成设计与实践[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(1):84-87.FAN Jingdao,WANG Guofa,ZHANG Jinhu,et al.Design and practice of integrated system for intelligent unmanned working face mining system in Huangling coal mine[J]. Coal Engineering,2016,48(1):84-87.
[13]李明忠.中厚煤层智能化工作面无人高效开采关键技术研究与应用[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(3):31-35.LI Mingzhong.Key technology of minerless high effective mining in intelligent working face with medium-thickness seam[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(3):31-35.
[14]任怀伟,孟祥军,李政,等.8 m大采高综采工作面智能控制系统关键技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(11):37-44.REN Huaiwei,MENG Xiangjun,LI Zheng,et al.Study on key technology of intelligent control system applied in 8 m large mining height fully-mechanized face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(11):37-44.
[15]王国法,李希勇,张传昌,等.8 m大采高综采工作面成套装备研发及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(11):1-8.WANG Guofa,LI Xiyong,ZHANG Chuanchang,et al. Research and development and application of set equipment of 8 m large mining height fully-mechanized face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(11):1-8.
[16]田成金.煤炭智能化开采模式和关键技术研究[J].工矿自动化,2016,42(11):28-32.TIAN Chengjin. Research of intelligentized coal mining mode and key technologies[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2016,42(11):28-32.
[17]黄曾华.可视远程干预无人化开采技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(10):131-135,187.HUANG Zenghua.Study on unmanned mining technology with visualized remote interference[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(10):131-135,187.
[18]万娜,景海涛,周琳.智慧矿山空间数据元数据模型研究与应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018,41(1):40-45,54.WAN Na,JING Haitao,ZHOU Lin.Research and application of the spatial data metadata model oriented to smart mine[J]. Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2018,41(1):40-45,54.