高压电缆暂态热路中绝缘层最佳分层数的确定方法
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摘要
为提高电缆载流量的计算精度,针对性地研究影响电缆传热的重要部分——绝缘层,给出确定暂态热路中绝缘层最佳分层数的方法。首先,从理论上分析集中参数模型给计算带来的误差,提出减小误差的方法——绝缘分层。然后构建绝缘层按等厚度分层的暂态热路模型并确定其参数,通过MATLAB程序实现绝缘任意分层数下导体温度的计算,并与实测导体温度进行对比分析,计算不同分层数下的相对误差以及相对误差随分层数的变化率。最后,根据实际应用的需要,给出一个相对误差变化率设定值,随着分层数的增加,当相对误差变化率刚好小于设定值时,此时的分层数即为需要的最佳分层数。以YJLW03 64/110 kV电力电缆为例对该方法进行了验证,在相对误差变化率设定值取0.01时,绝缘分层取15层为最佳。
In order to improve calculation accuracy of cable carrying capacity,this paper analyzes insulation layer which is an important part influencing cable heat transferring and presents a method for determining optimal hierarchy numbers of the insulation layer in transient thermal circuit.It firstly theoretically analyzes computational errors of the centralized parameter model and presents a method of insulation hierarchy for reducing errors.Then it constructs a transient thermal circuit model for the insulation layer by equal thickness hierarchy and determines its parameters.By using MATLAB program,it calculates conductor temperature of any insulation hierarchy which is then compared with measured conductor temperature and works out relative errors of different hierarchies and change rates of relative errors.Finally,according to requirement for actual application,it presents a setting value of the change rate of relative error.With increase of hierarchy number,when the change rate of relative error is just less than setting values,the hierarchy number is the optimal number.Taking YJLW0364/110 kV power cable for an example,it verifies this method and draws a conclusion when the setting value of change rate of the relative error is 0.01,the optimal hierarchy number is 15.
In order to improve calculation accuracy of cable carrying capacity,this paper analyzes insulation layer which is an important part influencing cable heat transferring and presents a method for determining optimal hierarchy numbers of the insulation layer in transient thermal circuit.It firstly theoretically analyzes computational errors of the centralized parameter model and presents a method of insulation hierarchy for reducing errors.Then it constructs a transient thermal circuit model for the insulation layer by equal thickness hierarchy and determines its parameters.By using MATLAB program,it calculates conductor temperature of any insulation hierarchy which is then compared with measured conductor temperature and works out relative errors of different hierarchies and change rates of relative errors.Finally,according to requirement for actual application,it presents a setting value of the change rate of relative error.With increase of hierarchy number,when the change rate of relative error is just less than setting values,the hierarchy number is the optimal number.Taking YJLW0364/110 kV power cable for an example,it verifies this method and draws a conclusion when the setting value of change rate of the relative error is 0.01,the optimal hierarchy number is 15.
引文
[1]周远翔,赵健康,刘睿,等.高压/超高压电力电缆关键技术分析及展望[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2593–2612.ZHOU Yuanxiang,ZHAO Jiankang,LIU Rui,et al.Key Technical Analysis and Prospect of High Voltage and Extrahigh Voltage Power Cable[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2593-2612.
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[4]陈民铀,张鹏,彭卉.应用无网格迦辽金法的电力电缆载流量计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):85–91.CHEN Minyou,ZHANG Peng,PENG Hui.Ampacity Calculation for Power Cables Using Element Free Galerkin Method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):85-91.
[5]徐研.有限元法对电力电缆载流量影响因素的分析[J].广东电力,2012,25(9):31–34.XU Yan.Analysis on Influencing Factors of Power Cable Ampacity Based on Finite Element Method[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2012,25(9):31-34.
[6]刘畅,徐政,宣耀伟,等.基于等效导热系数的直流电缆稳态载流量简化有限元算法[J].高压电器,2016,52(5):7–13.LIU Chang,XU Zheng,XUAN Yaowei,et al.Simplified Finite Element Method for Calculating DC Cables Current Capacity Using Equivalent Thermal Conductivity[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(5):7-13.
[7]AL-SAUD M S,EL-KADY M A,FINDLAY R D.A New Approach to Underground Cable Performance Assessment[J].Electric Power System Research,2008(78):907-918.
[8]GELA G,DAI J J.Calculation of Thermal Fields of Underground Cables Using the Boundary Element Method[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(4):1341-1347.
[9]张磊,宣耀伟,乐彦杰,等.110 kV单芯海缆的载流量计算、温度场仿真及其热循环试验研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(6):135–140,146.ZHANG Lei,XUAN Yaowei,LE Yanjie,et al.Ampacity Calculation,Temperature Simulation and Thermal Cycling Experiment for 110 kV Submarine Cable[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,(6):135-140,146.
[10]GARRIDO C,OTERO A F,CIDRAS J.Theoretical Model to Calculate Steady-state and Transient Ampacity and Temperature in Buried Cables[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):667-678.
[11]张振鹏,赵健康,饶文彬,等.电缆分布式光纤测温系统测量结果符合性的比对试验[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1362–1367.ZHANG Zhenpeng,ZHAO Jiankang,RAO Wenbing,et al.Validate Test for the Calculation Congruity of Distributed Temperature Sensing System[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1362-1367.
[12]赵建华,袁宏永,范维澄,等.基于表面温度场的电缆线芯温度在线诊断研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(11):52–54,68.ZHAO Jianhua,YUAN Hongyong,FAN Weicheng,et al.Surface Temperature Field Based Online Diagnosis Study for Electric Cables Conductor Temperature[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(11):52-54,68.
[13]刘毅刚,罗俊华.电缆导体温度实时计算的数学方法[J].高电压技术,2005,31(5):52–54.LIU Yigang,LUO Junhua.Mathematical Method of Temperature Calculation of Power Cable Conductor in Real Time[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(5):52-54.
[14]何健华,李仕奇.高压电缆导体动态温度分层计算法[J].广东电力,2013,26(4):43–46.HE Jianhua,LI Shiqi.Stratification for Dynamic Temperature of High Voltage Cable Conductor[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2013,26(4):43-46.
[15]刘刚,周凡,黄旭锐.环境温度和环境热阻对单芯电缆导体温度计算灵敏度的影响分析[J].广东电力,2012,25(10):51–55.LIU Gang,ZHOU Fan,HUANG Xurui.Analysis on Calculation Sensitivity of Single Core Cable Conductor Temperature Impacted by Environmental Temperature and Thermal Resistance[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2012,25(10):51-55.
[16]刘刚,雷成华,刘毅刚.根据电缆表面温度推算导体温度的热路简化模型暂态误差分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(4):212–217.LIU Gang,LEI Chenghua,LIU Yigang.Analysis on Transient Error of Simplified Thermal Circuit Model for Calculating Conductor Temperature by Cable Surface Temperature[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(4):212-217.
[17]周凡.电力电缆暂态热路模型的优化分析[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[18]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[19]IEC60287-1-1-2006,Electric Cables-Calculation of the Current Rating-Part 1-1:Current Rating Equations(100%Load Factor)and Calculation of Losses-General[S].
[20]IEC60287-1-2-1993,Electric Cables-Calculation of the Current Rating-Part 1:Current Rating Equations(100%Load Factor)and Calculation of Losses-Section 2:Sheath Eddy Current Loss Factors for Two Circuits in Flat Formation[S].
[2]雷成华,刘刚,阮班义,等.根据导体温升特性实现高压单芯电缆动态增容的实验研究[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1397–1402.LEI Chenghua,LIU Gang,RUAN Banyi,et al.Experimental Research of Dynamic Capacity Based on Conductor Temperature-rise Characteristic of HV Single-core Cable[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1397-1402.
[3]梁永春,李延沐,李彦明等.利用模拟热荷法计算地下电缆稳态温度场[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(16):129–134.LIANG Yongchun,LI Yanmu,LI Yanming,et al.Calculation of the Static Temperature Field of Underground Cables Using Heat Charge Simulation Method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(16):129-134.
[4]陈民铀,张鹏,彭卉.应用无网格迦辽金法的电力电缆载流量计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):85–91.CHEN Minyou,ZHANG Peng,PENG Hui.Ampacity Calculation for Power Cables Using Element Free Galerkin Method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):85-91.
[5]徐研.有限元法对电力电缆载流量影响因素的分析[J].广东电力,2012,25(9):31–34.XU Yan.Analysis on Influencing Factors of Power Cable Ampacity Based on Finite Element Method[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2012,25(9):31-34.
[6]刘畅,徐政,宣耀伟,等.基于等效导热系数的直流电缆稳态载流量简化有限元算法[J].高压电器,2016,52(5):7–13.LIU Chang,XU Zheng,XUAN Yaowei,et al.Simplified Finite Element Method for Calculating DC Cables Current Capacity Using Equivalent Thermal Conductivity[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(5):7-13.
[7]AL-SAUD M S,EL-KADY M A,FINDLAY R D.A New Approach to Underground Cable Performance Assessment[J].Electric Power System Research,2008(78):907-918.
[8]GELA G,DAI J J.Calculation of Thermal Fields of Underground Cables Using the Boundary Element Method[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1988,3(4):1341-1347.
[9]张磊,宣耀伟,乐彦杰,等.110 kV单芯海缆的载流量计算、温度场仿真及其热循环试验研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(6):135–140,146.ZHANG Lei,XUAN Yaowei,LE Yanjie,et al.Ampacity Calculation,Temperature Simulation and Thermal Cycling Experiment for 110 kV Submarine Cable[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,(6):135-140,146.
[10]GARRIDO C,OTERO A F,CIDRAS J.Theoretical Model to Calculate Steady-state and Transient Ampacity and Temperature in Buried Cables[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):667-678.
[11]张振鹏,赵健康,饶文彬,等.电缆分布式光纤测温系统测量结果符合性的比对试验[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1362–1367.ZHANG Zhenpeng,ZHAO Jiankang,RAO Wenbing,et al.Validate Test for the Calculation Congruity of Distributed Temperature Sensing System[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1362-1367.
[12]赵建华,袁宏永,范维澄,等.基于表面温度场的电缆线芯温度在线诊断研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(11):52–54,68.ZHAO Jianhua,YUAN Hongyong,FAN Weicheng,et al.Surface Temperature Field Based Online Diagnosis Study for Electric Cables Conductor Temperature[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(11):52-54,68.
[13]刘毅刚,罗俊华.电缆导体温度实时计算的数学方法[J].高电压技术,2005,31(5):52–54.LIU Yigang,LUO Junhua.Mathematical Method of Temperature Calculation of Power Cable Conductor in Real Time[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(5):52-54.
[14]何健华,李仕奇.高压电缆导体动态温度分层计算法[J].广东电力,2013,26(4):43–46.HE Jianhua,LI Shiqi.Stratification for Dynamic Temperature of High Voltage Cable Conductor[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2013,26(4):43-46.
[15]刘刚,周凡,黄旭锐.环境温度和环境热阻对单芯电缆导体温度计算灵敏度的影响分析[J].广东电力,2012,25(10):51–55.LIU Gang,ZHOU Fan,HUANG Xurui.Analysis on Calculation Sensitivity of Single Core Cable Conductor Temperature Impacted by Environmental Temperature and Thermal Resistance[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2012,25(10):51-55.
[16]刘刚,雷成华,刘毅刚.根据电缆表面温度推算导体温度的热路简化模型暂态误差分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(4):212–217.LIU Gang,LEI Chenghua,LIU Yigang.Analysis on Transient Error of Simplified Thermal Circuit Model for Calculating Conductor Temperature by Cable Surface Temperature[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(4):212-217.
[17]周凡.电力电缆暂态热路模型的优化分析[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[18]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[19]IEC60287-1-1-2006,Electric Cables-Calculation of the Current Rating-Part 1-1:Current Rating Equations(100%Load Factor)and Calculation of Losses-General[S].
[20]IEC60287-1-2-1993,Electric Cables-Calculation of the Current Rating-Part 1:Current Rating Equations(100%Load Factor)and Calculation of Losses-Section 2:Sheath Eddy Current Loss Factors for Two Circuits in Flat Formation[S].